If an E. coli colony had a recombinant plasmid of pgem plus and chdna insert, we would anticipate it to be white in color.
Because DNA molecules are introduced into cells with a high degree of efficiency in E. coli, this organism is a favorite host for gene cloning. Due to its quick growth and capacity for extremely high protein expression, E. coli is a favoured host for the manufacture of proteins.
Sanger sequencing is the most precise method of verifying your recombinant colonies. The first step is to separate the plasmid DNA from an overnight bacterial growth. When everything is finished, the insert can be located using sequencing primers designed for the chosen vector.
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which of the following exemplifies genetic recombination? multiple choice question. an offspring receives a combination of alleles identical to those in the p generation an offspring receives a combination of alleles that differs from those in the p generation
An offspring receives a combination of alleles that differs from those in the P generation exemplifies genetic recombination.
The exchange of genetic material between distinct organisms, commonly referred to as genetic recombination or genetic reshuffling, produces offspring with features that are different from those of either parent. In eukaryotes, meiosis-induced genetic recombination can produce a unique set of genetic material that can then be transferred from parents to children.
The majority of recombination happens naturally and can be divided into two types: intrachromosomal recombination, which occurs by crossing over, and interchromosomal recombination, which occurs through independent assortment of alleles whose loci are on distinct but homologous chromosomes.
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Which of the following exemplifies genetic recombination?
How do transposable elements contribute to genome evolution?
Explanation:
Transposable elements (TEs) are DNA sequences that are capable of integrating into the genome at a new site within the cell of its origin. Sometimes, the change in their positions creates or reverses mutations, thereby altering the cell's genotype.
if you have a small amount of a large chromosome of 20 million bp and want to amplify a short sequence of 1000 bp how would you do it
Since chromosomes primers are the starting point of DNA replication, a primer would be placed after the 1,000 bp in order to amplify it. The rounds of replication will gradually increase the 1,000 unaffected.
A given DNA segment can be quickly multiplied (amplified) into millions or billions of copies using the polymerase chain reaction (abbreviated PCR), allowing for more in-depth analysis. The enzymatic replication of DNA serves as the foundation for the PCR method. In PCR, primer-mediated enzymes are used to amplify a brief piece of DNA. A quick and accurate way to duplicate genetic material is through PCR.
The complete question is:
If you have a small amount of a large chromosome of 20 million bp and want to amplify a short sequence of 1,000 bp, how would you do it? Explain the role of primers in this process.
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The role of the chordae tendineae is to open the AV valves at the appropriate time. (T/F)
True, chordae tendineae opens the AV valves at the approximate time.
What are chordae tendineae?The chordae tendineae are small, string-like structures that attach the cusps of the AV valves to the papillary muscles of the heart. When the ventricles contract, the papillary muscles contract, which pulls the chordae tendineae tight and causes the AV valves to open. This allows blood to flow from the ventricles into the atria. When the ventricles relax, the papillary muscles relax and the chordae tendineae loosen, which causes the AV valves to close, preventing blood from flowing back into the ventricles.
They are an essential part of the cardiac cycle that plays an important role in maintaining normal blood flow. Without them, the AV valves would not open and close properly, which could lead to abnormal blood flow, heart murmurs, and even heart failure.
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The blood vessel of the human body that experiences the greatest amount of pressure is the
The blood vessels in the human body which experience the greatest amount of pressure is the Aorta.
The aorta is a large roadway that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the rest of the body. It's the largest roadway in the mortal body, and is responsible for supplying the entire body with oxygenated blood. As blood is pumped from the heart, it's forced through the aorta with great pressure,
Which is why it generally experiences the topmost pressure of any blood vessel in the body. This pressure is necessary to insure that oxygenated blood is supplied to all corridor of the body. The walls of the aorta are thick and strong, allowing them to repel the violent pressure of the blood.
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What is the momentum of a 54 kg dog with a velocity of 4 m/s.
Science
Answer: 216 kg·m/s
Explanation: Momentum Calculator
in gene expression, how is the promoter different from the start codon?
Start codons are the first bases that are translated on an mRNA, whereas promoters are the regions of DNA where transcription begins.
A promoter sequence must precede a gene for it to be transcribed. The attachment recognition site of the transcription enzyme RNA polymerase can be found here. An initiator sequence comes after the promoter sequence, indicating the location where m-RNA transcription begins. On m-RNA, the sequence AUG, which is also codon 1 and corresponds to the amino acid methionine, is the initiator codon or start signal. Additionally, it marks the beginning of translation.
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Question 6
14.3 pts
Let's test your understanding of the limitations of scientific models. Here are four
statements that involve scientific models. Choose the correct statement, based on
what you just learned.
One model of Earth's climate predicts that global temperatures will rise by 2.5-5.0 F. The
model gives a range, because there are some uncertainties about future human behavior.
O A model that is not exactly correct is useless.
An evolutionary model says that orangutans evolved between 12 and 16 million years ago.
Because this model does not give an exact value, it must be wrong.
OIf I cross two pea plants and get something slightly different than predicted by Mendel, his
model should be thrown away because it is incorrect.
The student's claim did not follow the scientific method of discovery, hence, it is an opinion not a scientific claim.
What is the scientific method?The scientific method is a procedure employed by scientific towards understanding the world around them as well giving explanation for phenomena in the natural world.
The scientific method involves:
observationsasking questionsputting forward a hypothesistesting the hypothesis through experimentsanalyzing results of the experiments and drawing conclusionsestablishing a theory.Since, the student in question just put forward an opinion without testing it out using the scientific method, the statement is not a scientific claim.The student's claim did not follow the scientific method of discovery, hence, it is an opinion not a scientific claim.
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DNA polymerase is an enzyme that binds DNA but is unable to bind RNA. This best displays the enzyme characteristic of_____.
DNA polymerase is an enzyme that binds DNA but is unable to bind RNA. This best displays the enzyme characteristic of substrate specificity.
A DNA polymerase is basically a member of a family of enzymes which perform the function of catalyzing the synthesis of DNA molecules from the nucleoside triphosphates which are the the molecular precursors of DNA. These enzymes are very crucial for DNA replication. During this process, the DNA polymerase basically reads the existing DNA strands in order to create two new strands which match the existing ones.
DNA polymerase does so by adding nucleotides to the 3'-end of a DNA strand that too one nucleotide at a time. The DNA polymerase shows substrate specificity, which means that it will only be able to bind to DNA and not to RNA.
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A rich soil made up of sand and mud deposited by running water is known as ______ soil.
A rich soil made up of sand and mud deposited by running water is known as a-l-l-u-v-i-a-l soil.
Numerous essential services are provided by soil for both humans and the environment. Due to the enormous amounts of carbon it collects and stores, it is also essential to combating climate change.
Due to its great porosity, a-l-l-u-v-i-a-l soil is among the top soil types and requires the least amount of water. Drift sand, rich, loamy soil, and silt clays are all types of a-l-l-u-v-i-a-l soil. With more than 46% of its entire geographical area made up of a-l-l-u-v-i-a-l, India is considered one of the richest nations in the world.
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what type of bonds form between the codon of mrna and the anticodon of trna?
Hydrogen bonds are the types of bonds which are formed between the codon of the mRNA and the anticodon of the tRNA.
A particular site which is present on each of the tRNA forms a three base anticodon which is found to be complementary to a specific codon present on the mRNA.
Hydrogen bonds are the type of bonds which are required to bind the complementary bases which are present on codon as well as on the anticodon together. On the mRNA, codon happens to form hydrogen bonds with a tRNA anticodon site. The ribosome is able to allow the tRNA to be bound to the mRNA which is bearing a particular complimentary amino acid.
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the plates you are using for this lab will be autoclaved to completely sterilize them. the measures taken to disinfect the tabletops (the source of the organisms on plates 2 and 3) are not as extreme. why?
In this case- the agar plates were used to GROW bacteria on them they have become a bio-hazard. The tabletop is easily disinfected with alcohol or many other chemicals.
A biological substance that endangers the health of living things, especially humans, is referred to as a biological hazard or biohazard. A sample of a microorganism, virus, or toxin that can be harmful to human health may be included in this. A substance poisonous to other animals can also be considered a biohazard.
The term and its corresponding symbol are typically used as a warning so that people who may be exposed to the substances are aware of the need for safety measures. Charles Baldwin, an environmental-health engineer working on the containment products for the Dow Chemical Company, created the biohazard symbol in 1966. [1]
It is applied to the labeling of biological items that pose a serious health risk, such as used hypodermic needles and viral samples.
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You have 2 samples, each containing a different DNA fragment. The fragments are the same size but have different sequences. You know what the sequence should be for each sample, but the labels have worn off and now you don’t know which sample is which. How could you use restriction enzymes to determine which tube contains which DNA sample?
please help, urgent!!
You can use restriction enzymes to determine which tube contains which DNA sample by performing restriction digest on each sample using the same restriction enzyme.
How does restriction enzyme work?If the restriction enzyme cuts the DNA fragments into smaller pieces, the resulting fragments will be different for each sample based on the sequence of each fragment.
By analyzing the pattern of fragments produced from the restriction digest, you can determine which sample corresponds to the known sequence. This can be confirmed by comparing the fragments to a reference DNA ladder or by sequencing the fragments.
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The simplest and most rapid method of producing atp during exercise is through?
The simplest and most rapid method of producing ATP during exercise is through ATP-CP system.
In order to regenerate ATP, the ATP-PC system makes use of a substance known as creatine phosphate (CP), which is stored in the muscle. It is only through the destruction of this molecule that one can obtain the energy necessary to recombine ADP with free phosphate in order to produce ATP. This process is considered anaerobic since it does not require the presence of oxygen to function and it does not generate any waste products. This system gives us rapid access to energy, but it has a very low capacity and can only keep us going for around 10 to 12 seconds at a time.
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microscopic membrane extensions that extend from the plasma membrane are called?
Microvilli are finger-like membrane protrusions, which can be extended from plasma-membrane.
What are extensions of plasma-membrane into cell wall?
The expansion of plasma-membrane into cell wall creates mesosomes. This results in formation of vesicles, tubules, and lamellae, among other irregularly folded geometries. Some bacteria, primarily gram-positive bacteria, include mesosomes. These play a crucial role in a number of functions, including the production of cell walls, DNA replication, distribution to daughter cells, respiration and secretion. Respiratory pigments that are involved in bacterial respiration are found in mesosome.
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what would be the finite rate of increase for a population that has leveled off at its carrying capacity
The finite rate of increase for a population that has leveled off at its carrying capacity would be "zero".
Carrying capacity is referred to as the maximum population size that a given environment can sustainably support. Once a population reaches carrying capacity, it will stop growing as the resources in the environment are being fully utilized. In this situation, the rate of increase will level off and eventually reach zero, indicating that the population has stabilized at its carrying capacity.
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Which function does tRNA serve in a cell?
O combines with proteins to form a ribosome
O bonds amino acids together to form proteins
O collects amino acids for translation
O carries genetic information to ribosomes
O transports amino acids to ribosomes. During the translation process, transfer RNA (tRNA) transports certain amino acids to the ribosome, where they are joined together to form a protein. The information encoded in messenger RNA guides this process (mRNA).
What is RNA?Ribonucleic acid is a polymeric molecule that plays important functions in gene coding, decoding, regulation, and expression. Nucleic acids include RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a nucleic acid found in all living cells that is structurally identical to DNA. RNA, unlike DNA, is typically single-stranded. Instead of the deoxyribose present in DNA, the backbone of an RNA molecule is formed of alternating phosphate groups and the sugar ribose. RNA's principal job is to generate proteins through translation. RNA provides genetic information, which ribosomes transcribe into diverse proteins required for biological functions. The three primary forms of RNA involved in protein synthesis are mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA.
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an individual comes to the blood bank as a donor for plasmapheresis. he previously donated plasma 8 weeks ago. his pulse rate is 80 beats per minute; blood pressure 120/80; hct is 40%. what is the next course of action? group of answer choices
The individual who has come to blood bank as a donor for plasmapheresis, has the pulse rate is 80 beats per minute; blood pressure 120/80; HCT is 40%. and therefore we will accept the individual as a donor.
Plasmapheresis is basically a method which is used for removing blood plasma from the body. It first involves withdrawing the blood, then separating it into plasma as well as cells and then transfusing the cells back into the bloodstream. It is performed especially to remove antibodies in order to treat many autoimmune conditions.
There are certain conditions which should be met before accepting a blood donor for plasmapheresis. Since the individual has the pulse rate is 80 beats per minute; blood pressure 120/80; HCT is 40%, we can accept them as a blood donor.
--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"An individual comes to the blood bank as a donor for plasmapheresis. he previously donated plasma 8 weeks ago. his pulse rate is 80 beats per minute; blood pressure 120/80; HCT is 40%. What is the next course of action? a. Accept him as a donor b. Reject him as a donor c. Cannot be determined."--
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the release of hormones by the adrenal glands is most likely to trigger
The hormone released by the adrenal glands is most likely what causes the fight-or-flight response, also known as the acute stress response.
This reaction is the body's natural physiological response to perceived danger; it gets the body ready to defend itself or run away. It is characterized by an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and muscle strength as well as the release of the stress hormones cortisol and adrenaline.
Individuals are shielded from harm and assisted in reacting quickly to dangerous situations by this response. The "fight or flight" response is a physiological reaction that can be brought on by the adrenal glands releasing hormones. This reaction is triggered by perceived stress or danger and primes the body to react to the perceived threat.
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a man with blonde hair, blue eyes, and fair skin has a daughter with a woman with dark hair, brown eyes, and dark skin. (assume that hair, eye, and skin color are each dependent on a single gene.) based on their differences in these three traits, how many possible phenotypic combinations are possible for their child? a
There would be 12 possible phenotypic combinations for hair, eye, and skin color.
Hair color, eye color, and skin color are each dependent on a single gene with multiple alleles, and each of these traits is controlled by a different set of genes.
Blonde hair is typically associated with the B allele, while dark hair is typically associated with the b allele. Blue eyes are typically associated with the E allele, while brown eyes are typically associated with the e allele. Fair skin is typically associated with the S allele, while dark skin is typically associated with the s allele.
Based on this information, the man would be homozygous for the BbEeSs genotype, while the woman would be homozygous for the bbeess genotype.
The possible phenotypic combinations for their child would be BbEe, BbEe, BbEe, BbEe, bbEe, bbEe, bbEe, bbEe, BbeEe, BbeEe, bbeEe, and bbeEe, resulting in 12 possible phenotypic combinations for hair, eye, and skin color.
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telomeres are found at the ends of linear chromosomes. these structures have two primary functions. one function is to prevent the shortening of the ends of chromosomes during replication. the reason they can do this is because the telomere repeat sequence can be extended by:
Telomere repeat sequence can be extended by telomerase enzyme.
How can be telomeres extended?For all kinds of telomeres activity, there is a specific enzyme. This enzyme is known as telomerase. This telomerase can extend the telomere by repeated reverse transcription of a short sequence. Telomerase is basically RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. So, according to its name, it can use RNA as a template to produce DNA. This enzyme adds complementary RNA bases to the 3' end of the DNA strand. When the 3' end of the lagging strand template is elongated completely, DNA polymerase can add nucleotides to the ends of the chromosomes.
So, telomere repeat sequence is extended by telomerase enzyme.
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all 6 classes of nutrients perform which of the following functions in the body? provide energy form structures regulate body processes all of these functions are performed by each of the 6 classes of nutrients
All 6 classes of nutrients perform all of these functions.
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water are the six categories of nutrition. All of these nutrients give the body energy, support the formation of structures (including muscle and bone), and control bodily functions (such as digestion and hormone production).
The elements in food known as nutrients support the body's growth and function. Proteins, carbs, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water are a few examples of nutrients. They give the body energy and support the development and upkeep of body tissues. They are also necessary for development, growth, and general health.
Types of Nutrients: Macro nutrients and Micro nutrients.
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who formulated the hypothesis that certain chemicals could kill microbes without harming humans was the foundation for chemotherapy?
Ehrlich. German chemist and physician Paul Ehrlich (1854–1915) set out in the early 1900s to find or create chemical compounds that might kill infectious microorganisms without injuring the patient.
Sahachiro Hata, Ehrlich's assistant (1873–1938), discovered one such "magic bullet" in 1909 after screening more than 600 compounds containing arsenic. Chemical 606 was intended to kill the syphilis-causing bacteria Treponema pallidum. When it was discovered that compound 606 effectively treated syphilis in rabbits, it was utilized to develop salvarsan, a drug used to treat syphilis in people. Ehrlich's innovative method of painstakingly screening a wide range of chemicals is still a crucial part of the hunt for novel antimicrobial agents today.
The complete question is:
Who formulated the hypothesis that certain chemicals could kill microbes without harming humans was the foundation for chemotherapy?
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Bacteria and archaeans are similar in all of the following ways except _____.
(a) they are both relatively small compared to eukaryotic cells
(b) they both reproduce rapidly
(c) they both have complex membrane-bound organelles
(d) they both lack a true nucleus.
Bacteria and archaeans do not consist of complex membrane bound organelles in their cell bodies.
The correct option is option c.
A prokaryotic cell is basically a simple as well as single-celled or we can say unicellular organism which lacks a nucleus and any other membrane-bound organelle. Prokaryotic DNA is basically found in the central part of the cell which is a darkened region known as the nucleoid.
Bacteria and archaeans are both relatively small in size when compared to eukaryotic cells. They both are able to reproduce rapidly and lack the presence of a true, well-defined nucleus. They also do not have complex membrane bound organelles.
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epithelial tissue: a. is associated with a basement membrane. b. is highly vascularized. c. is usually acellular. d. contains a number of neuron types.
Epithelial tissue is a type of tissue that is associated with a basement membrane, is not highly vascularized, is composed of closely packed cells, and does not contain a number of neuron types.So option a is correct.
Epithelial tissue is a type of tissue that covers the surface of organs, lines cavities and ducts, and forms glands. Epithelial tissue is composed of closely packed cells that form a continuous layer.
A. Epithelial tissue is associated with a basement membrane. The basement membrane is a thin layer of extracellular matrix that separates the epithelial tissue from underlying connective tissue. The basement membrane provides mechanical support to the epithelium and also plays a role in regulating cell behavior and differentiation.
B. Epithelial tissue is not highly vascularized. Unlike other tissues such as muscle or connective tissue, epithelial tissue does not have a high density of blood vessels. Instead, epithelial cells receive their nutrients from the underlying connective tissue.
C. Epithelial tissue is not usually acellular. As mentioned, epithelial tissue is composed of closely packed cells that form a continuous layer.
D. Epithelial tissue does not contain a number of neuron types. While some epithelial cells may be capable of responding to stimuli, epithelial tissue is not a source of neurons. Neurons are specialized cells that are primarily found in the nervous system.
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evan is studying the effects of selective breeding in animals. he makes a list of possible results: 1) can increase the risk of birth defects in animals 2) can produce large amounts of offspring 3) can increase the muscle mass in offspring 4) can develop offspring with greater resistance to disease which items on the list provide logical arguments in favor of selective breeding?
3) Can increase the muscle mass in offspring.
4) Can develop offspring with greater resistance to disease.
What is the process of selective breeding?
Selective breeding is the practice of mating two organisms in order to create offspring with specified desirable traits. In order to produce crops and animals with desirable qualities like size, yield, and disease resistance, this is frequently done in agricultural and animal husbandry. Selective breeding has improved the quality of crops and animals for thousands of years, greatly influencing agriculture and food supply. The goal of selective breeding is to produce cattle with desirable features that are strongly heritable and can thus be passed down from generation to generation.
For thousands of years, humans have selectively bred both plants and animals. Through selective breeding, cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli were all produced from the wild mustard plant.
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Why is freezing water considered a physical change and not a chemical change?
Water that has been frozen is said to have undergone a physical change since there has been no change in the substance's chemical makeup. Physical modifications are those that influence a substance's size, shape, and form without changing its chemical identity.
They also impact a substance's state of matter, size, and other physical characteristics. When water freezes, a shift in pressure and temperature causes the liquid water to turn into solid ice. Water has the same chemical make-up in both its solid and liquid forms, and its chemical linkages are same in both.The production of new compounds with differing chemical and physical characteristics occurs during chemical changes, in contrast. The outcome of chemical reactions is a change in thechemical make-up of a material as new and broken bonds are generated between its molecules and atoms. As a consequence, substances that were not the original substances are produced.In conclusion, the type of change that occurs is what distinguishes a physical change from a chemical change.
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Since the chemical makeup of frozen water has not changed, the substance is said to have undergone a physical change. Physical alterations are those that affect a substance's dimension, form, and appearance without altering its chemical composition.
They affect a substance's size, state of matter, and other physical attributes as well. A change in temperature and pressure causes liquid water to solidify into ice when it freezes. Both in its solid and liquid states, water has the same chemical composition and chemical linkages. Contrarily, during chemical changes, new compounds are created with distinct chemical and physical properties.
A material's chemical composition changes as a result of chemical reactions because new and broken bonds are formed between its molecules and atoms.
As a result, materials that weren't the original materials are created. In conclusion, a physical change differs from a chemical change based on the type of change that takes place.
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Which image shows a nonrenewable resource?
A plant
An aluminum nugget
Wood
Energy from the sun
The image which shows a nonrenewable resource is an aluminum nugget and is therefore denoted as option B.
What is a Nonrenewable resource?This is referred to as a natural resource that cannot be readily replaced by natural means at a pace quick enough to keep up with consumption and it includes substances such as metals, fossil fuels etc.
We should note that aluminum nugget is made up of a metal and cannot be replaced by natural means which us why recycling of these substances occur in other to meet up with the demand thereby making it the correct choice.
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what is the structure and function of the cell wall
how can carcinogens in cigarette smoke increase cell division, inhibit dna repair, and prevent cells from dying?
The carcinogens which are present in the cigarette smoke are able to cause necessary mutation in the DNA which cause an increase in the cell division, inhibition of the DNA repair and also helps the cells from dying.
Carcinogens are basically defined as cancer causing agents. Cancer is any disease in which the normal cells are damaged and get transformed to form cancer cells and do not undergo any programmed cell death as fast as they divide through mitosis.
Tobacco products as well as smoke happens to contain many chemicals that can possibly damage DNA. Multiple repair pathways exist in our body which can protect a human cell against these mutagenic and carcinogenic agents.
The carcinogens which are present in the cigarette smoke are able to cause necessary mutation in the DNA which cause an increase in the cell division, inhibition of the DNA repair and also helps the cells from dying.
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