False. A delocalized cloud containing electron density makes up orbitals. An electron from the valence band or ion that would be delocalized is one that is not bound to another atom a covalent bond.
How do covalent bonds work?A covalent bond is formed when two atoms exchange one or more sets of electrons. The two protons and neutrons are concurrently drawing these electrons to them. When there is a difference in the ionization energy of two atoms, a covalent connection is created.
What three kinds of covalent bonding are there?Single hydrogen bonding, double hydrogen bonding, and triple side chains are the three varieties of covalent bonds. One sigma and one pi link make up a double covalent bond, while two pi but one sigma binding make up a triple covalent bond.
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I need help with 11 and 12 please and thank you so much:)
In the first chemical equation the coefficients are 2,1,1,2 while in second chemical equation are 2,2,4,1.
What is chemical equation?Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.
A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .
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What mass of barium sulfate would be produced from 10 g of barium chloride in the following reaction?
BaCl2 + H2SO4 —> BaSO + 2HCl
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 11.2 grams of BaSO₄ are produced from 10 g of barium chloride.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
BaCl₂ + H₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + 2 HCl
By reaction stoichiometry, the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
BaCl₂: 1 mole H₂SO₄: 1 moleBaSO₄: 1 moleHCl: 2 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
BaCl₂: 208.24 g/moleH₂SO₄: 98 g/moleBaSO₄: 233.34 g/moleHCl: 35.45 g/moleBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
BaCl₂: 1 mole ×208.24 g/mole= 208.24 gramsH₂SO₄: 1 mole ×98 g/mole= 98 gramsBaSO₄: 1 mole ×233.34 g/mole= 233.34 gramsHCl: 2 moles×35.45 g/mole= 71.9 gramsMass of BaSO₄ formedThe following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 208.24 grams of BaCl₂ form 233.34 grams of BaSO₄, 10 grams of BaCl₂ form how much mass of BaSO₄?
mass of BaSO₄= (10 grams of BaCl₂× 233.34 grams of BaSO₄) ÷208.24 grams of BaCl₂
mass of BaSO₄= 11.2 grams
Finally, 11.2 grams of BaSO₄ are formed.
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Calculate the volume of oxygen required at stp for complete combustion of 2.3g of ethanol the reaction is
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry and STP conditions, the volume of O₂ required at STP for complete combustion of 2.3g of ethanol is 3.36 L.
Reaction stoichiometryThe balanced reaction is:
CH₃CH₂OH + 3 O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O
By reaction stoichiometry, the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
CH₃CH₂OH: 1 moleO₂: 3 moles CO₂: 2 molesH₂O: 3 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
CH₃CH₂OH: 46 g/moleO₂: 32 g/moleCO₂: 44 g/moleH₂O: 18 g/moleBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
CH₃CH₂OH: 1 mole× 46 g/mole= 46 gramsO₂: 3 moles ×32 g/mole= 96 gramsCO₂: 2 moles ×44 g/mole= 88 gramsH₂O: 3 moles ×18 g/mole= 54 gramsSTP conditionsThe STP conditions refer to the standard temperature and pressure. The values are 0 °C and 1 atmosphere and are reference values for gases. In these conditions 1 mole of any gas occupies an approximate volume of 22.4 liters.
Moles of O₂ requiredIt can be applied the following rule of three: if by reaction stoichiometry 46 grams of ethanol react with 3 moles of O₂, 2.3 grams of ethanol react with how many moles of O₂?
moles of O₂= (2.3 grams of ethanol× 3 moles of O₂)÷ 46 grams of ethanol
moles of O₂= 0.15 moles
Then, 0.15 moles of O₂ react.
Volume of NO createdNow, you can apply the following rule of three: if by definition of STP conditions 1 mole of O₂ occupies a volume of 22.4 liters, 0.15 moles occupies how much volume?
volume= (0.15 moles× 22.4 L)÷ 1 mole
volume= 3.36 L
Finally, the volume of O₂ is 3.36 L.
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alternative energy sources have had what effect on the carbon footprint of communities, cities, and even countries? a. moderately increased the carbon footprint b. completely eliminated the carbon footprint c. significantly increased the carbon footprint d. maintained the carbon footprint e. significantly decreased the carbon footprint
As alternative energy sources have an effect on the carbon footprint of communities, cities, and even countries it is necessary to significantly reduce carbon footprints. (E)
Definition of Carbon FootprintThe carbon footprint is the amount of carbon or gas emissions produced from various human activities in a certain period of time. The carbon footprint that we produce will have a negative impact on our life on earth, such as drought and reduced sources of clean water, extreme weather and natural disasters, changes in food chain production, and various other natural damages.
The resulting carbon footprint will have a negative impact on life on earth, in addition to natural disasters and extreme weather, the carbon footprint will also result in changes in the production of the food chain and reduced sources of clean water. The higher the carbon footprint on earth, not only causes environmental damage, but can also worsen the level of human health. Therefore, reducing the carbon footprint will help slow down the global warming process that is currently starting to occur.
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ni has a higher atomic number than co, but co has a higher atomic mass. co-59 has a 100% natural abundance. the 5 stable isotopes of ni are ni-58, ni-60, ni-61, ni-62, and ni-64. which ni isotope has the highest natural abundance?
Answer:
Ni-58
Explanation:
why does the size of an atom decrease as you move across a period? A) The number of shells are added B) The nuclear charge increased C) The nuclear charge decreased D) The number of shells decrease
While absorption intensity remains constant over time, effective nuclear charge increases. The result of increased electron attraction brought on by a higher effective nuclear charge is a smaller atomic radius.
What is this is atomic radius?As the atom gets bigger, the maximum distance between its nucleus and furthest electron valence is usually determined. The magnitude of something like the atomic radius depends on the type the carbon chain in which the particles are enmeshed.
Where is the atomic radius?This same closer nuclear is created by dividing by two the dimension seen between the nuclei from two complementary atoms that are bonded together. Typically, an atomic radius diminishes form left to right. Atomic radii in such a bunch often increase from center to bottom.
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If you dissolve 0.3 moles of HBr in 1 L of water, what do you expect to be present in the beaker after the compounds have had time to react? a) H2Br, OH, and H2O. b) H30*, Br", and H2O. c) BrOH and H307. d) HBr, H307, Br", and H2O.
According to the question, choice d) HBr, H30+, Br-, and H2O is the best choice.
What do you mean by compound?A compound in chemistry is a material comprised of two or more separate chemical elements mixed together in a certain proportion. When the constituents interact with one another, chemical bonds are formed that are difficult to break. These bonds occur as a consequence of atoms sharing or trading electrons.
What are an element and a compound?Definition. A compound is made up of atoms from several elements that have been chemically mixed in a certain ratio. A pure chemical compound comprised of the same atom of an element is called an element. Composition. Compounds are made up of many different elements ordered through chemical bonding in a certain order and set ratio.
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how many moles of sodium are there in 4.51 moles of the following compounds? 1st attempt part 1 (0.3 point)see periodic table nacl moles of na part 2 (0.3 point) na2so4 moles of na part 3 (0.3 point) na3po4 moles of na part 4 (0.3 point)see hint nano3 moles of na
1. nacl:4.51,2.na2so4:9.02, 3.na3po4:13.53, 4.nan03:4.51 moles of na, moles of sodium are there in 4.51 moles of the following compounds
In 1 mole of NaCl, there are 1 mole of Na. In 1 mole of Na2SO4, there are 2 moles of Na. In 1 mole of Na3PO4, there are 3 moles of Na. In 1 mole of NaNO3, there are 1 mole of Na.
NaCl: 4.51 moles * 1 mole Na/1 mole NaCl = 4.51 moles of Na
Na2SO4: 4.51 moles * 2 moles Na/1 mole Na2SO4 = 9.02 moles of Na
Na3PO4: 4.51 moles * 3 moles Na/1 mole Na3PO4 = 13.53 moles of Na
NaNO3: 4.51 moles * 1 mole Na/1 mole NaNO3 = 4.51 moles of Na
The number of moles of solute that are dissolved in a specific volume is indicated by the concentration metric known as molarity (M). Applying the rule of three would be as follows: If there are 6.4 moles of NaCl in 1 litre of solution,
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three students are asked to discuss the percent error obtained from this lab and explain some sources of error that would account for the discrepancy seen, if any. which student employs correct scientific reasoning?student 1: if the reaction was not allowed to go to completion, the sodium bicarbonate would not have fully decomposed, making the final mass higher than the theoritical. student 2: if th baking soda was not heated long enough, the mass of solid product would be lowstudent 3: the student didnt weight the masses correctly therefore human error is the main source of discrepancya. student 3b. student 1c. student 2
Students who use correct scientific reasoning are Student 1 namely: If the reaction is not allowed to finish, the sodium bicarbonate will not decompose completely, making the final mass higher than the theory.Te corrct amswer is B.
If the sodium bicarbonate is not properly broken down, water and carbon monoxide will not be produced, which can be eliminated to lessen the product's mass. The product will therefore weigh heavier or have a bigger ultimate mass than predicted because of an incomplete reaction.
Given the aforementioned justifications, it is obvious that Student 2 is mistaken in this instance. This is not a scientific explanation in the instance of Student 3 and is merely a wild guess that isn't true in all circumstances.
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It will turn out that the fundamental ideas behind kinetic theory do not apply equally well to every kind of gas. We will learn why soon, but if you had to make an educated guess, which of these gases best follows kinetic theory?A) Benzene (C6H6)B) IodineC) HeliumD) Hemoglobin, a massive protein that shepherds iron around the bloodstream.
Helium is the gas that most closely adheres to kinetic theory.
What is kinetic theory?The motion of particles and how they behave within a system are the subject of kinetic theory, a subfield of thermodynamics. It is predicated on the idea that a gas's constituent particles move randomly and continuously, and that the laws of mechanics and thermodynamics can account for this motion.
The foundation of kinetic theory is the idea that gas molecules move randomly and continuously, and that the rules of thermodynamics and mechanics may be used to explain this motion.
Since helium is an ideal gas, it closely complies with the predictions of the kinetic theory. This is due to helium's ability to operate in a straightforward and predictable manner because it is a monatomic gas, which means it is made up of individual atoms rather than molecules. It also has a low molecular weight and no intermolecular forces.
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If we triple the temperature and double the volume, what would the new pressure of the system be?
If you triple the temperature of an ideal gas and double its volume, the pressure of the system would be 3/2 times the original pressure.
The change is according to the Ideal Gas Law, which states that PV = nRT, where,
P = pressure
V = volume
n = no. of moles of gas
R = ideal gas constant
T = temperature.
To find the new pressure, we can rearrange the equation as P = (nRT) / V.
If we triple the temperature and double the volume, the new pressure would be:
P = (nRT) / (2V) = (3 * nRT) / (2 * 2V) = 3P / 2.
So, the new pressure would be 3/2 times the original pressure.
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How many grams of water are formed when 12.5-g of hydrogen reacts with oxygen
Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry, 112.5 grams of water are formed when 12.5 g of hydrogen reacts with oxygen.
Reaction stoichiometryIn first place, the balanced reaction is:
2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
H₂: 2 molesO₂: 1 moleH₂O: 4 molesThe molar mass of the compounds is:
H₂: 2 g/moleO₂: 32 g/moleH₂O: 18 g/moleBy reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
H₂: 2 moles ×2 g/mole= 4 gramsO₂: 1 mole ×32 g/mole= 32 gramsH₂O: 2 mole ×18 g/mole= 36 gramsMass of water formedThe following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 4 grams of H₂ form 36 grams of H₂O, 12.5 grams of H₂ form how much mass of H₂O?
mass of H₂O= (12.5 grams of H₂×36 grams of H₂O)÷4 grams of H₂
mass of H₂O= 112.5 grams
Finally, 112.5 grams of H₂O are formed.
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whats the process which the number of protons in a nucliude is increased and the mass number nemains constant
The process in which the number of the protons in the nuclide is increased and the mass number will remains constant is beta decay.
The Beta Decay is the type of the radioactive decay in which the proton is converted into the neutron and vice versa in the nucleus of the radioactive sample. If the protons is converted to the neutron, it is called as the β⁺ decay.
The example of the beta decay is as follows :
¹⁰C₆ + ¹⁰B₅ + ⁰e₁⁺
The protons is increased and the mass number will remain same. The proton of a carbon atom is converted into the neutron, and the emitted beta particle is the positron.
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a 5.56 g sample of a solid containing ni is dissolved in 20.0 ml water. a 5.00 ml aliquot of this solution is diluted to 100.0 ml and analyzed in the lab. the analyzed solution was determined to contain 5.54 ppm ni . determine the molar concentration of ni in the 20.0 ml solution.
The molar concentration of Ni in the 20.0 mL solution is 2.37 x 10⁻⁷ M. To find the molar concentration of Ni in the 20.0 mL solution, we first need to find the number of moles of Ni in the 5.56 g sample.
Moles of Ni in the 5.56 g sample:
Ni atomic mass = 58.69 g/mol
5.56 g Ni / 58.69 g/mol = 0.095 moles Ni
Next, we need to find the concentration of Ni in the 5.00 mL aliquot of the solution that was diluted to 100.0 mL.
From the analysis, we know the Ni concentration in the analyzed solution was 5.54 ppm. So,
5.54 ppm = 5.54 mg/L = 5.54 µg/mL = 5.54 x 10⁻⁶ g/mL
The 5.00 mL aliquot was diluted to 100.0 mL, so the concentration of Ni in the 5.00 mL aliquot would be:
5.54 x 10⁻⁶ g/mL * (5.00 mL / 100.0 mL) = 2.77 x 10⁻⁷ g/mL = 2.77 µg/mL
Finally, we can find the molar concentration of Ni in the 20.0 mL solution by converting the mass of Ni in the 5.00 mL aliquot to moles:
2.77 µg Ni / 58.69 g/mol = 4.74 x 10⁻⁹ moles Ni
And then, finding the molarity (moles/L) by dividing the number of moles by the volume of the solution:
4.74 x 10⁻⁹ moles Ni / (20.0 mL x 10⁻³ L/mL) = 2.37 x 10⁻⁷ M Ni
So, the molar concentration of Ni in the 20.0 mL solution is 2.37 x 10⁻⁷ M.
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calculate the osmotic pressure (in atm) at 19.6 degrees c of a solution made by dissolving 9.37 g of glucose in 51.5 ml of solution.
To calculate the osmotic pressure of a solution made by dissolving 9.37 g of glucose in 51.5 ml of solution at 19.6 degrees Celsius, you need to use the van't Hoff equation.
The equation is: P = (i x R x T) / (M x V), where i is the number of particles of solute (in this case, glucose molecules), R is the ideal gas constant (8.314 J/molK), T is the absolute temperature (in Kelvin, so 19.6 degrees Celsius is 292.7 K), M is the molar mass of the solute (180.16 g/mol for glucose), and V is the volume of the solution (in liters, so 51.5 mL is 0.0515 L).
Plugging these values into the equation gives us P = (2 x 8.314 x 292.7) / (180.16 x 0.0515) = 3.6 atm.
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Some changes are given below.(a) Freezing of water(b) Melting of ice(c) Boiling of waterAre these considered as physical changes? If yes, give the reason.
Yes, Physical changes include ice melting, boiling water, and water freezing. Only a change in form, dimension, or arrangement can occur during a physical change. Because no new substance is created during the aforementioned modifications, they are therefore physical.
What modifications occur when water is boiled?The more vigorous molecules become a gas, spread out, and produce bubbles when boiling takes place. These surface and soar into the sky. It takes energy to change from a liquid to a gas. The liquid also loses thermal energy as the gas molecules leave it.
Which is a bodily alteration that could take place?A change in physical attributes accompanies a physical change. Melting, turning into a gas, changing strength or durability, changing crystal structure or texture, and changing shape, size, color, volume, or density are a few examples of physical qualities.
Is melting a bodily alteration?Melting, changes in size, volume, color, density, and crystal shape are examples of common physical changes.
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a 1.0 l balloon has a pressure of 2 atm. when the pressure increases to 2,000 kpa, what is the volume? responses 0.1 l 0.1 l 0.2 l 0.2 l 2.0 l 2.0 l 510 l 510 l
When the pressure of the 1.0 L balloon increases to 2,000 kPa, the volume will be 510 L.
The ideal gas law also states that if the temperature of the gas is increased while the pressure is held constant, the volume of the gas will increase. This is because the increased temperature will cause the gas particles to move faster, and the faster they move, the more space they will take up, resulting in an increase in volume.
Therefore, if the temperature of the 1.0 L balloon is increased while the pressure is held constant, the volume of the gas will increase.
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In an experiment searching for the photoelectric effect, an incident beam of green light produced no ejected electrons from a metal. In order to efect electrons, the experimenter should A.increase the brightness of the light. B. try blue ight C. try yellow light D. give up on that particular metal decrease the brightness of the light
The experimenter should use blue light if an incident green light beam failed to cause any emitted electrons from a metal.
What is a electron?A negative charges subatomic particle known as an electron can either be free or attached to an atom (not bound). Among the three primary kinds of particles within an atom is an electron which is bonded to it. The other 2 are protons & neutrons.
Do electrons possess any energy?Electrons are the electrical energy's carriers, but electrical engineers and physicists refer to current as the flow of positive charge. Protons in atoms have a positive charge, and because they are tightly bound to the atoms' nuclei, they cannot pass through a wire.
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The unit of heat that is used to express the amount of energy provided by foods is called? A) Kilocalorie B) Heat Infusion C) Energy Calorie D) Thermogenesis
The term "energy calorie" refers to the measurement of heat which is used to indicate the quantity of energy delivered by food.
Describe energy.The ability to perform tasks. It could exist in several different forms, such as theoretical, kinetic, thermal, electromagnetic, chemical, radioactive, etc. Additionally, there is heat and work, which is energy being transferred between one body to the another. Mechanical, pharmacological, electrical, electric and magnetic, thermal, acoustic, and radioactive energy are examples of different types of energy.
From where does energy come?As reported by the U.S. Energy Management Administration, coal, nuclear power, and natural gas made up the majority of the country's electrical generation in 2020. Renewable energy sources like wind, electricity, solar, biogas, wind, and thermal are also used to generate electricity.
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the element x forms the chloride containing 75.0% cl, by mass. what is element x?
The element X creates the chloride XCl4, which has 75% by mass of Cl (4 is a subscript of Cl). Titanium serves as the compound's X element.
What do mol and mol weight mean?A mole is the volume of a material (in grams) that has a molecular weight of that substance. For instance, a mole of tricalcium tetra (Ca(H2PO4)2) weight 234.05 grams while a mole of oxygen weighs 12.011 grams.
Chlorine has a molecular weight of 35.5 g/mol.
The chemical XCl4 is made up of four chlorine molecules, or atoms, and makes up 0.75 of its weight.
All four chlorine atoms weigh a total of 4×35 = 140 g/mol
The weight of any and all chlorine atoms in the molecule is now 140/0.75.
The compound's overall weight is now equal to 186.66≈ 187
The mass of element X is equal to 187 - 140 = 47 g/mol.
The molecular mass of titanium is approximately equal to 47 if we match it to any metal from the periodic table.
TiCl₄ is the substance, and its molecular weight is 140 g/mol.
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for each solute, click the button under the better solvent. solute which is the better solvent? oohocchch2cohoh och3cch3
For this question, the better solvent for the solute OOHOCC H2COHOH is OCH3CCH3.
OOHOCC H2COHOH is a hydrocarbon, which means it is non-polar. Therefore, the only solvent that can dissolve this solute is another non-polar solvent, such as OCH3CCH3 (methane).
Non-polar solutes dissolve best in non-polar solvents. This is because the non-polar nature of the solute and solvent allows them to mix and form a homogeneous solution. Non-polar solutes include hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers and alkanes. Polar solutes, on the other hand, dissolve best in polar solvents. Polar solutes include acids, bases, salts, sugars and amino acids.
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samples of natural selenium contain six stable isotopes. in terms of atomic structure, explain what these isotopes have in common, and how they differ.
Stable isotopes of an element have the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei, but a different number of neutrons.
As a result, isotopes of an element have the same atomic number and therefore the same chemical properties, but they have different atomic masses.
The six stable isotopes of selenium have the same number of protons (34) but different numbers of neutrons, which results in different atomic masses. These isotopes therefore have the same atomic structure in terms of the number of protons, electrons and the arrangement of electrons in their shells. However, the difference in the number of neutrons results in a difference in the atomic mass of each isotope, which affects its physical properties, such as density and boiling point.
In conclusion, the stable isotopes of selenium have the same atomic structure in terms of protons, electrons, and electron arrangements, but differ in the number of neutrons and thus the atomic mass.
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Which toxic substance is often used to extract gold and results in harmful environmental effects?
a. acid mine drainage
b. carbon dioxide
c. sulfur dioxide
d. cyanide
e. fluoride
dinitrogen oxide contains 28.01 g of nitrogen in evogery 44.01 g of dinitrogen oxide. what mass of nitrous oxide can be formed from 48.7 g of nitrogen?
The dinitrogen oxide contains the 28.01 g of nitrogen in every 44.01 g of dinitrogen oxide. The mass of nitrous oxide can be formed from the 48.7 g of nitrogen is 76.57 g.
The mass of the dinitrogen oxide, N₂O = 28.01 g
The 28.01 g of the nitrogen is present in every 44.01 g of nitrous oxide
Mass of nitrous oxide from 48.7 g of the nitrogen is as follows :
28.01 g of the nitrogen is present in 44.01 g of nitrous oxide
48.7 g of the nitrogen is present = (48.7 × 44.01 ) / 28.01 g of nitrous oxide.
48.7 g of the nitrogen is present = 76.57 g of the nitrous oxide.
Thus the mass of the nitrous oxide is 76.57 g formed from the 48.7 g of the nitrogen.
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fill in the blank with the name of the compound pictured at the right a molecule *don't forget your punctuation. how many c's in the parent chain? what are the substituents?
The longest chain with both carbon atoms in the double bond is the parent chain, which belongs to an alkene. Count the parent chain's carbons starting at the end where the substituents are present and going down to the lowest number.
What is the parent chain's C count?The parent chain of unsaturated compounds, however, is required to have a double or triple bond in order to comply with the requirement. There are six carbon atoms in the parent chain in this instance.
C chains: what are they?Order of Contracts (C-Chain) This chain, in which the letter C stands for "contract," is utilized for smart contracts. Def applications The main distinction between the c-chain and the other chains is the usage of an address that may be added to your Meta Mask that is in the Ethereum manner with a 0x at the beginning.
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you have 6.8 ml of a 0.028 m solution of naoh. if you add this solution to 5.5 ml of a 0.011 m solution of crystal violet, what is the initial concentration of naoh in the reaction mixture?
The initial concentration of NaOH in the reaction mixture is 0.028 M, as this is the concentration of the solution that was added to the reaction mixture.
The addition of 6.8 mL of 0.028 M NaOH to 5.5 mL of 0.011 M crystal violet will result in a final volume of 12.3 mL and the concentration of NaOH will be diluted by the addition of the crystal violet solution. The final concentration of NaOH will depend on the reaction that occurs between the two solutions and may not be the same as the initial concentration of either of the solutions added. However, for the purpose of determining the initial concentration, it is considered to be 0.028 M.
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which of the following is a chemical change? group of answer choices melting gold cutting a rope bending a steel rod making a snowman burning sugar
Burning sugar is a chemical change as airborne oxygen interacts with sugar, chemical bonds are destroyed and a new molecule is created.
Chemical changes occur when the molecular makeup is totally changed and a new product is created. New products are created via chemical modifications. Chemical alterations are both permanent and irreversible. It demonstrates that modifying or tweaking the experimental changes cannot undo chemical change. During a chemical change, the substance's mass varies. The mass is either added or subtracted. Energy changes occur when a chemical interaction occurs. The production of new bonds in products and the breaking of existing bonds in reactants involve different amounts of energy. When energy is released from the process, it is referred to as an exothermic reaction, and when it is absorbed, it is referred to as an endothermic reaction.
Hence, burning sugar is the chemical change as it changes it's molecular composition and completely new product is formed.
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Select the appropriate bond dipoles for the carbon-magnesium bonds of dimethylmagnesium. H3C-Mg-CH3
—>H3C-Mg-CH3<—Carbon is more electronegative than magnesium. So Carbon gets a partial negative charge and Mg gets a partial positive charge. The bond dipole for dimethylmaganesium.
Is magnesium or carbon more electronegative?Magnesium has a partial positive charge because bound pairs of electrons are drawn to it more than carbon, which has a partial negative charge since carbon is more electronegative than magnesium.
What kind of bond does the Grignard reagent's carbon-magnesium link have?An extremely polar carbon-magnesium bond, in which the carbon atom has a partial negative charge and the metal a partial positive charge, characterizes a Grignard reagent. The carbon-magnesium link is more polar than the haloalkanes' carbon-halogen bond.
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Dimethylmagnesium has polar C-Mg bonds with bond dipoles pointing towards the carbon atoms in both CH3 groups.
1. Draw the skeletal structure of dimethylmagnesium, with a magnesium (Mg) atom in the center, bonded to two methyl (CH3) groups, one on each side.
2. Determine the electronegativity difference between the carbon (C) and magnesium (Mg) atoms. Carbon has an electronegativity of 2.55, while magnesium has an electronegativity of 1.31. The difference is 2.55 - 1.31 = 1.24.
3. Since the electronegativity difference between C and Mg is greater than 0.4, the bond between them is polar, and thus has a bond dipole.
4. Draw an arrow on each of the C-Mg bonds to represent the bond dipoles. The arrow should start from the magnesium atom (Mg) and point towards the carbon atom (C), indicating that the bond dipole is directed towards the more electronegative carbon.
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A solution where additional solute can be dissolved without outside stress is called: _______
A solution where additional solute can be dissolved without outside stress is called: unsaturated solution. This solution is part of solubility.
What is Solubility?Solubility is the measure of how much of a substance may dissolve in a certain volume of solvent. The solubility in water is frequently stated as gram/100 mL. There are two types of solubility: saturated solution and unsaturated solution.
Saturated SolutionA saturated solution is one that has attained its maximal solubility. At this stage, adding extra solute will prevent it from dissolving in the solution.
Unsaturated SolutionUnsaturated solutions are those that have not reached their maximum solubility. This implies that even after adding more solute, the solvent would continue to dissolve the solute without outside stress .
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an aqueous solution that is 40.0 percent sulfuric acid (h2so4) by mass has a density of 1.069 g/ml. determine the molarity of the solution.
The molarity of an aqueous solution that is 40.0 percent sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) by mass has a density of 1.069 g/ml = 4.35 M
Molarity is calculated as moles of solute/liters of total solution.
Sulfuric acid serves as our solute in this instance. Let's assume a basis for computation in order to resolve this issue.
Putting it that way,
100 g is the solution's total weight.
The mass of H₂SO₄:
(40/100) x 100
= 40 gr
The molar mass of H₂SO₄ = 98.079 g/mol.
The number of moles of H₂SO₄:
40 / 98.079
= 0.407 mol
Total volume of the solution:
100 / 1.069
= 93.54 ml = 0.0935 L
Hence,
The molarity of the solution:
0.407 / 0.0935
= 4.35 M
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