Answer:
The neutral theory of molecular evolution posits that most mutations are natural and most substitutions are beneficial.
Explanation:
According to the neutral theory, the great majority of genetic mutations have little to no effect on an individual's fitness. According to Motoo Kimura's neutral hypothesis, the bulk of molecular (DNA) mutations in a population occur as a result of genetic drift rather than natural selection, which suggests that mutations are generally neutral and therefore do not benefit the organisms.
This indicates that mutant alleles are really not kept because they have a selection benefit over other members of the population, but rather because of the unpredictability of existence. Neutral changes in genetic studies are those that occur when natural selection does not influence the distribution of the mutation within a species. Most other alleles of the gene will be deleted or replaced by neutral mutations that really are highly heritable and that are not connected to any genes that are currently being selected.
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The vasoconstrictive effects of blank______ are considered to be responsible for the drug's ability to relieve migraine headaches.
It is believed that caffeine's effectiveness to treat migraine headaches is due to its vasoconstrictive properties.
What causes migraines most frequently?
Although the precise cause of migraines is unknown, it is believed that they are a temporary side effect of irregular brain activity that affects the brain's blood vessels, chemicals, and nerve signals.
How much time do migraines last?An attack's headache phase might last anywhere between four hours and three days. Even though this is unusual, the total duration of a migraine attack—including prodrome, aura, headache, and postdrome—can range from little longer than one day to barely more than a week.Do migraines pose a major threat?Migraines can significantly lower your quality of life and make it difficult for you to go about your everyday activities. Some folks discover they must spend days at a time in bed.learn more about caffeine here
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Which statement is a hypothesis that would best address the
question, "Are fewer monarchs migrating to Mexico because
many are dying as caterpillars from starvation?"
O Monarch butterflies are likely migrating to different
regions instead of Mexico.
O If monarch caterpillars are dying from starvation, then
reducing predators will help the population recover.
O If fewer monarchs are arriving in Mexico, then
scientists will find larger populations elsewhere.
O If monarch caterpillars are dying from starvation, then planting more milkweed will help the population
recover.
The hypothesis that fewer monarchs migrating to Mexico because many are dying as caterpillars from starvation is best suited by the statement that monarch caterpillars are dying from starvation, then planting more milkweed will help the population recover.
The monarch butterfly or simply monarch is a milkweed butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. Monarch butterflies migrate over extraordinary distances. Monarch butterflies spend the winter in Mexico and along the California coast in North America. A monarch butterfly has a 2,700-mile range (4,345 km).
Pesticides, such as the poisonous neonicotinoids and herbicides that are wiping off the milkweed plants necessary for their survival, as well as urbanization and climate change are all threats to monarch butterflies.
Hence, by planting more milkweed plants their food resources would be replenished nd hence the larva can feed up properly and this will help in increase of their population.
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Complete the sentences describing the properties of water that contribute to its role as a solvent in living organisms.
The unequal sharing of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms within a water molecule makes water a polar molecule.
Which property of water is used as a solvent in living organisms?Water is an excellent solvent because, provided the solute is nonpolar, it can be broken up and surrounded by water, which will dissolve it into solution. This is possible because of the electron configuration of a water molecule.
Water behaves in this way because the positive charge on the hydrogen end of the molecule is drawn to the negative charge of a polar molecule, while the negative charge on the oxygen end is drawn to the positive side of a polar molecule .
The "universal solvent" moniker refers to water's broad range of molecule-dissolving abilities, which are what make it such a vital life-sustaining force. Water's function as a solvent aids biological processes by facilitating the transportation and utilisation of nutrients and oxygen by cells.
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The links of all the interconnected pathways of energy and mater flowing through a community is called a?
The links of all the interconnected pathways of energy and matter flowing through a community is called a food web.
Energy is the fuel that any living organism uses to carry out its life processes. All the body functions require energy to be accomplished. Most organisms uses energy in the form of ATP. This energy is formed inside the body by the breakdown of the ingested food.
Food web is the interconnection of all the food chains in the environment. A single organism can be the part of multiple food chains in an ecosystem. Hence there are no fixed trophic levels of any organism in a food web. A food chain is of linear direction, but a food web gas a zig-zag pattern.
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The tails of the core histone proteins can be chemically modified by the covalent addition of what type of chemical group?.
Answer:
The tails of the core of proteins can be chemically modified by the covalent addition of acetyl, methyl and phosphate.
Histone and DNA have complex interface. Every nucleosome has 142 hydrogen bonds have seen between histone core as well as the DNA. An amino acid backbone of both the histones as well as the phosphodiester backbone of the whole DNA is where about half of these linkages are formed. Condensation of chromatin could be facilitated by methylating the histone tails inside the chromatin. DNA can be accessed for transcription by acetylation of histone tails within chromatin. Certain types of chromatin change could be transmitted to the next cell generations. The DNA is coiled more securely all around histone cores when the histone tails are deacetylated, which makes it more difficult for transcriptional to attach to the DNA. This process, termed as gene silencing, results in lower levels of gene expression.
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Explain active transport.
Explanation:
Active transport is basically like a movement cell because it moves ions or molecules across the cell membrane and into a higher concentration area. It requires energy.
The population is the unit of natural selection. group of answer choices
a. true
b. false
The statement is false that the unit of natural selection is population.
Natural selection is the phenomenon that results in evolution. By natural selection, the nature favors those individuals that adapt better to the changing environment and continue to reproduce. The unit of natural selection is an individual and not an entire population. The changes that occur in and individual due to natural selection are heritable.
A population can be defined as a group of similar organisms, that live in the same habitat, depend on the same resources and most essentially, are able to reproduce and produce new offspring among themselves.
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The supergroup archaeplastida includes land plants and other photosynthesizers, such as ____________ , which include the chlorophytes and charophytes, and ____________ .
Green algae, Red algae
The supergroup archaeplastida includes land plants and other photosynthesizers, such as Green algae , which include the chlorophytes and charophytes, and Red algae.
The green algae have yellow and green pigments that are employed in photosynthesis.These green algae can have one cell or several.The group thought to be most connected to land plants is the charophytes.The charophytes, which include Spirogyra, have a filamentous structure.Chlamydomonas and Volvox are examples of chlorophytes.The multicellular red algae have blue and red accessory pigments, which enable them to perform photosynthesis even in deep seas.What qualities make up an archaeplastida?Nearly all of the primary algae (i.e., with plastids of primary endosymbiotic origin) belong to the group called Archaeplastida ('ancient plastids,' and the vast majority of living species in this collection are photosynthetic).To learn more about archaeplastida visit:
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Gemstones are commonly found in pegmatites, which are igneous rocks that are _____. group of answer choices
Gemstones are commonly found in pegmatites, which are igneous rocks that are exceptionally coarse grained.
Pegmatite are the igneous rocks which are crystalline in nature and are exceptionally coarse grained. It is composed of 33.6 percent albite, 30.4 percent quartz, 21 percent perthite and 14 percent muscovite.
They contain exceptionally large crystals and are also called as architectural stones.
Gemstones are pieces of mineral crystals which is cut and polished to form jewelry and other ornamental items.
Gemstones are commonly found in pegmatites like topaz, tourmaline, kunzite, blue aquamarine, pink morganite.
Pegmatite are mined for both gemstones and rare earth minerals.
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Abnormal levels of __________ may lead to schizophrenia and parkinson’s disease. a. gaba (gamma-aminobutyric acid) b. glutamate c. serotonin d. dopamine please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answer:
The answer is D. Dopamine.
Explanation:
A neurotransmitter generated in the region of the CNS is called dopamine (CNS).This is a hormone which brain produces that permits neurons to link, which is crucial for the body's neuro-muscular activity. Parkinson is caused by the bulk of the dopamine-producing cells being destroyed, which results in an inability to regulate one's voluntary movements; schizophrenia is caused by an overabundance of dopamine.
It affects a variety of vital bodily processes, such as mobility, memory, rewarding pleasure, and motivation. Numerous neurological & mental health conditions are correlated to dopamine levels that are high or low.
Humans can experience pleasure, happiness, and motivation due to dopamine. When you accomplish something, your brain releases more dopamine, which makes them feel happy.
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The descriptions of orgasm written by men and women are ________, and pet scans indicate that ________ subcortical brain regions are active in men and women during orgasm.
The descriptions of orgasm written by men and women are similar, and pet scans indicate that the same subcortical brain regions are active in men and women during orgasm.
Orgasm is a sudden feeling of intense pleasure which causes increase in pulse rate, blood pressure, heart beat and spasm of the pelvic muscle.
This spams of the pelvic muscle causes contraction of the lower vagina in women and contraction and ejaculation in the urethra of the men.
There is an increase in the amount of dopamine released by the brain during orgasm. Pet scans have revealed that same subcortical regions in the brain are activated during orgasm in both men and women.
It is seen the amygdala part of the brain is deactivated during orgasm which is associated with fear and anxiety.
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The principle that describes the technique of having body parts and appendages dragged behind the rest of the body and continue to move when the body stops, like a cape, is called:__________
The principle that describes the technique of having body parts and appendages dragged behind the rest of the body and continue to move when the body stops, like a cape, is called Follow Through and Overlapping Action.
Difference between follow through and overlapping actionThe concept of "Follow Through" states that an item or its loosely coupled elements will keep moving even after the character has stopped. Similar to overlapping action, which describes how various sections of an object or body typically move at various rates.
What is the overlap principle?The concept of overlapping action states that various bodily components will move at various velocities. As a result, when you walk, your arms will move more slowly than your head. Animation may have believable motion by using both overlapping action and follow-through.
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Describe the classification of epithelium in terms of shape and number of layers of cells.
Depending on its shape, epithelium is categorized as follows:
squamous, cuboidal, and columnar.The epithelium is categorized according to the number of cell layers and shape:
Simple epitheliumStratified (or compound) epitheliumPseudostratified epitheliumExplanation:
-Epithelium is categorized according to its shape as follows:
Flat and scale-like squamous epithelial cells are characteristics of the squamous epithelium. They can be found in the oesophagus, the mouth's smooth inner lining, and the lungs' alveoli.
Cuboidal epithelium: Cells in this type of epithelium resemble cubes and have identical height and width. Normally, they develop gland and secretory organ ducts.
Columnar epithelium: Due to their greater height than width, columnar epithelial cells resemble columns. Columnar epithelia can be further broken down into ciliated columnar epithelium, which lines the surface of the airway, and glandular columnar epithelium (forming glands).
-The epithelium is categorized according to the number and structure of cell layers:
A single layer of cells comprises the simple epithelium. The thinness of the epithelial barrier generally enables it to carry out tasks like absorption and filtration. Examples include cells in the bronchi, alveoli, renal tubules, uterus, body cavities, stomach, and small intestine.
A stratified epithelium, also known as a complex epithelium, has many cell layers. The multilayered nature of the stratified epithelia allows it to withstand mechanical or chemical harm. Even when certain cells are damaged and come away from the surface of the stratified epithelium, the underlying tissues are still protected from the outside environment
Although there is only one layer of cells in pseudostratified epithelium, the densely packed cells give the impression of being grouped in layers due to their various sizes. Examples include the ciliated epithelial cells lining the trachea and upper respiratory system..
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From which two food groups should teens select the same number of servings each day?
Fruits and vegetables are the two food groups for which teens should select the same number of servings each day
What do number of servings mean ?The quantity of food listed on a product's Nutrition Facts label, also known as the food label, is referred to as a serving. The serving sizes vary between items. Sizes can be expressed as numbers, such as three crackers, or as cups, ounces, grammes, pieces, or slices.
The serving size indicates how much food or liquid an individual generally consumes. It does not suggest how much food or liquid you should consume. It's critical to understand that all nutritional information on labels, including the quantity of calories, refers to serving sizes.Learn more about Servings here:
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The nurse is teaching a community health class about the immune system. the nurse asks the class to list various functions of b-cells in immunity. which responses by students are correct?
There are various functions of B-cells in immunity:
B cells create a type of protein (antibodies) that is beneficial to the immune system.Antibodies bind to pathogens or to foreign substances, such as toxins, bacteria, and viruses to neutralize and fight them.Prevents pathogens from entering a normal cell and causing infection.B cells can also recruit other cells to help destroy an infected cell.The immune system is a complex network of organs, cells and proteins that defends the body against infection, and protecting the body's own cells. The immune system records every germ (bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and toxins) that is ever defeated, in order to recognize and destroy them if they come back.The are two cells that are involved in these works, those are The T and B lymphocytes (T and B Cells).Learn more about the Immune System here https://brainly.com/question/6612564
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Describe how distances in space are measured using the speed of light. Use Barnard's star as an example.
Distances in space are measured using the speed of light because light can travel through space and have very high speed.
How is distance measured with light?A light-year is a measurement that is used by astronomers to measure distance in space. A beam of light travels in one year about a distance of six trillion miles which is a very long distance. In a vacuum, light travels at the speed of 670,616,629 miles per hour. The speed of light is very fast so that's why the scientists used the speed of light for measuring long distance in space.
So we can conclude that distances in space are measured using the speed of light because light can travel through space and have very high speed.
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PLSSSS HELP ME ASP!!!!
THREE-DIMENSIONAL THINKING What would be the effect on the structure and function of a cell if it were unable to produce mRNA?
Answer:During transcription, the sequence of DNA is transcribed into mRNA. Later, during translation, mRNA sequence is translated into a protein molecule
Explanation:
i did it
Answer:During transcription, the sequence of DNA is transcribed into mRNA. Later, during translation, mRNA sequence is translated into a protein molecule
define graph in earth science
Answer:
A graph in earth science is a picture that represents data or specific sets of data in a helpful way.
Drugs that facilitate the activity of the synapses of a particular neurotransmitter are said to be __________ of that neurotransmitter. select one:
Drugs that facilitate the activity of the synapses of a particular neurotransmitter are said to be agonistic of that neurotransmitter.
This is further explained below.
What is a neurotransmitter?Generally, Neurotransmitters are a kind of chemical messenger that is necessary for the human body to have in order for it to operate effectively.
Their job is to carry chemical signals, which are often referred to as "messages," from one neuron (nerve cell) to the next target cell along the route.
The following cell that may become the target could be a nerve cell, a muscle cell, or a gland cell. There is a possibility that all three could be involved.
In conclusion, It is claimed that a drug is agonistic for a certain neurotransmitter if it is able to increase the activity of the synapses that are associated with that neurotransmitter.
agonistic
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help me right a claim evidence reasoning (CER) ?
Answer:
from my opinion na ......
A flowerless, seed-bearing plant is called a(n) ____. group of answer choices
a. angiosperm
b. gymnosperm
c. crinoid
d. echinoid
e. sponge
Gymnosperms are flourless, seed-bearing plants. Therefore, the answer is option B.
Gymnosperms are seed bearing plants. Since gymnosperms do not have flowers, their seeds are not usually encased in an ovary, unlike the angiosperms. Instead, their seeds are open on the surface of bracts (leaf like structures).
Gymnosperms grow mostly in temperate forests and cold boreal forests. There are four main divisions of gymnosperms which include:
Coniferophytes: They are evergreen trees that bear cones. They include trees with needle-like leaves like pines, firs, hemlock and sequoias.Cycadophytes: They include the cycads and grow in subtropical and tropical forests.Ginkgophytes: They only grow in China and can live for thousands of yearsGnetophytes: It is divided into three genera; Ephedra, Gnetum and the Welwitschia.Learn more about gymnosperms here:
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At fuyan cave in southern china, paleoanthropologists found 47 adult teeth associated with cave formations dated to between 120,000 and 80,000 years ago. fuyan cave is most likely the?
Fuyan cave is most likely the oldest-known modern human site in China.
Fuyan caves are limestone caves present in Hunan Province of Southern China. These caves came to fame due to the discovery of modern humans. The discovered teeth were thought oldest modern humans, which were discovered at site other than Africa. Additional proof of the facts associated with discovery was presence of cavities in those teeth.
To find the age of those teeth, the stagalamites present above the regions of discovery of teeth were dated. The results indicated them to be 80,000 years old, confirming the age of teeth to be same. Though humans discovered this cave in 1984, but, the excavation was performed in the year 2011. It was also excavated in year 2013.
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Which of the following will decrease soil nitrates?
A. Fast growing crops
B. Decomposers
OC. Nitrifying bacteria
D. Lightning
Keratin proteins are made of long chains of _______________linked together end-to-end like beads.
Keratin proteins are made of long chains of amino acids linked together end-to-end like beads.
Your skin is supported, wounds are treated, and your hair and nails are kept in good condition. Your body contains 54 different varieties of keratin. The two are as follows: Type I: 28 of the 54 different types of keratins in your body are type.The substances known as amino acids, or the "building blocks of proteins," play a variety of vital functions in your body.You require them for essential functions like producing hormones, neurotransmitters, and proteins. Some people use particular amino acids as supplements as a natural way to enhance or increase sports performance.To learn more about keratin.
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A (n) __________is used to transfer dna from one bacterium to another conjugation pilus flagella lipopolysaccharide teichoic acid fimbriae.
The conjugation pilus is used to transfer dna from one bacterium to another.
what is pilus?
Many bacteria have an extension on their surface called a pilus, which resembles hair. Although some researchers reserve the name pilus for the appendage required for bacterial conjugation, the terms pilus and fimbria can be used interchangeably. Oligomeric pilin proteins make up the majority of all pili structures.
DNA can be transferred between bacteria during the process of bacterial conjugation thanks to conjugative pili. Because they allow for the exchange of genes through the development of "mating pairs," they are frequently referred to as "sex pili," in analogy to sexual reproduction.
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In _____ diseases, the function or structure of the affected tissue or organs progressively deteriorates over time.
Degenerative diseases cause the affected tissue or organs to gradually lose their function or structural integrity over time.
Describe tissue:A collection of cells with similar structures and functions is referred to as a tissue. The intercellular matrix, a nonliving substance, fills the spaces between the cells. There might be a lot of this in some tissues and not much in others.
What four purposes do tissues serve?Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscular tissue, and nerve tissue are the four basic tissue types, each of which is distinguished by its appearance and purpose. In addition to forming protective barriers, epithelial tissue plays a role in the transport of ions and molecules. Other tissue types are supported and anchored by connective tissue.
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An earthquake decimates a ground-squirrel population. The surviving population happens to have broader stripes on average than the initial population. If broadness of stripes is genetically determined, what effect has the ground-squirrel population experienced during the earthquake?.
A Bottleneck effect has the ground-squirrel population experienced during the earthquake,
Bottleneck Effect- The bottleneck effect describes how a population's size is first decreased and then increased and how this changes how genetic diversity is distributed among its members.
Population- A population is the total number of organisms associated with the same species that really are present in a given location at the same time and have the potential to interbreed. Individuals need to be capable of reproducing with any other population members and have fruitful children for interbreeding to happen.
Species- A collection of creatures that can breed with each other in nature and have healthy offspring is referred to as a biological species.
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Each of the species of finches on the galapagos islands has its own distinctive ________ and ________.
Each of the species of finches on the Galapagos Islands has its own distinctive beak and ecological niche.
Reason :
Darwin observed that the finches evolved thanks to the difference in their habitat. Consistent environmental differences in several habitats on different islands in the Galapagos, the supply of different foods sources (seeds, cactus, insects, and fruit) promotes directional selection on resident finches for optimal beak morphology which maximizes survival under local conditions.
This process has produced more distinct species of finches, all unique to the archipelago. He noticed that every finch species is having a different type of beak, counting on the food available on its island.
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What changes occur in extracellular and intracellular fluid compartments during dehydration?
Answer:
cellular shrinkage and metabolic dysfunction.
Explanation:
In dehydration, fluid from the extracellular compartment is depleted first, followed by fluid from the intracellular space. Fluid loss from the intracellular space results in cellular shrinkage and metabolic dysfunction. Dehydration occurs because of decreased water intake, increased fluid loss, or both.
According to the complete replacement model, the transition from premodern to modern homo sapiens?
According to the Complete Replacement Model, the transition was from the premodern to the modern Homo sapiens: only they occurred once, in the Africa. By the 165,000 ya individuals were they using fire at the Pinnacle Point, as the evidenced by the microliths that has show the evidence that the stone had been be carefully heated.
Homo sapiens, (Latin: “wise man”) the species is to which all modern human beings belong. the Homo sapiens is one of the several species of grouped into the genus the Homo, but it is the only one that is not extinct. and See also human evolution.
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