Smooth muscle fibers can sustain a contraction without fatigue by allowing dephosphorylated myosin to remain attached to actin in what is called the latch state.
What is muscle contraction?Muscle contraction is defined as an action potential travels along the nerves to the muscle. The beginning of muscle contraction occurs with signal generated from the nervous system. There are mainly two types of muscle contraction and the situation occur when a muscle contracts and a change in size takes place.
Isotonic concentric contraction is the type of muscle contraction in which muscle shortening takes place. Isotonic eccentric contraction is the type of muscle contraction in which the muscle lengthening whilst it is under tension.
Therefore, Smooth muscle fibers can sustain a contraction without fatigue by allowing dephosphorylated myosin to remain attached to actin in what is called the latch state.
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Diffusion is the movement of molecules across the cell membrane from __________ to __________ concentration.
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration. For cell transport, diffusion is the movement of small molecules across the cell membrane.
What is Diffusion ?The transfer of particles from a region of higher concentration to one of lower concentration is known as diffusion. The total result equalises focus across the board for the medium.
Passive diffusion is the most basic method for molecules to penetrate the plasma membrane. A molecule simply dissolves in the phospholipid bilayer during passive diffusion, diffuses through it, and then dissolves in the aqueous solution on the opposite side of the membrane.Diffusion is the passage of tiny molecules across the cell membrane during cell transport. The term "concentration gradient" refers to the differential between the two places' molecule concentrations. The molecules' kinetic energy causes random motion, which causes diffusion.Learn more about Diffusion here:
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The value that stays the same as long as there are no signals in the neuron is known as?
The value that stays the same as long as there are no signals in the neuron is known as resting potential.
Neurons are the nerve cells. These are the longest cell in the human body. The structure of a neuron comprises of a cell body from which arise the various branch-like extensions called the dendrites. From one end emerges the axon that ends at the axon terminal.
Resting potential is the potential difference of ions across the plasma membrane when the cell is resting and no nerve impulse is being conducted. The value of resting potential is approximately -70 mV in majority of the neurons.
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Why was it important in the methodology of the messelson-stahl experiment that they used 15n?
Meselson-Stahl performed experiment that research about how DNA replicates and for this they provide a basis for the genetic phenomena of heredity and diseases.
They used two isotopes of nitrogen 14n and 15n because nitrogen is the major and basic constituents of DNA. They use 15n because it is the most abundant isotope of nitrogen and DNA is more functional with the heavier isotope 15n.
When the DNA sample is adding the bacteria to nitrogen-14 and by centrifugation in CsCl, then the DNA contain 15n form a single band low in tube.
Heredity is the passing of any physical character genetically from one generation to another.
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Which cell structure is an important component in modern genetic engineering techniques?
a) ribosomes capsules
b) plasmids inclusions
c) mesosomes
Lu is from korea and pedro is from ecuador. lu and pedro share what percentage of their genes?
Lu and Pedro share 99.7 percentage of their genes,
Gene- The fundamental structural and operational component of heredity is a gene. DNA is the component of genes. Some genes serve as blueprints for the synthesis of proteins. Many genes do not, however, code for proteins. A few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases make up a gene in a person.
Heredity- The whole of biological mechanisms via which certain traits are passed down from one generation to the next.
DNA- The molecule found inside cells that carries the genetic material necessary for an organism to grow and operate. This knowledge may be handed on from one generation to the next thanks to DNA molecules.
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How does the chemical disequilibrium of ions across the membrane create an electrical disequilibrium
The inside of cells is slightly negative relative to the extracellular fluid. This ionic imbalance causes the chemical disequilibrium of ions across the membrane create an electrical disequilibrium.
What is Chemical disequilibrium?Chemical disequilibrium is when a solute is more concentrated in one of the two compartments of body than the other. Examples of solutes that exist in chemical disequilibrium state are Sodium, Potassium and Calcium.
What is Electrical disequilibrium?The ionic imbalance or uneven distribution of ions between the ICF and ECF is called Electrical disequilibrium. ECF is more positive, ICF is more negative.
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What are the two MAJOR types
PROKARYOTIC cells?
of
A. plant and animal
B. plants and animals
C. archaea and bacteria
Answer:
C. Bacteria and archaea
Explanation:
Bacteria and archaea are the two types of prokaryotes.
A product of the oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids, ____, is converted to ____ and enters the ____ cycle.
A product of the oxidation of odd-chain fatty acids, Propionyl-CoA, is converted to succinyl-CoA and enters the citric acid cycle.
What is oxidation ?Redox reactions involve a change in the oxidation state of the substrate. Oxidation is the process of losing electrons or increasing an element's oxidation state. Reduction can occur when an element or one of its constituent atoms gains electrons or has their oxidation status decreased.
When an object comes into touch with oxygen or another oxidizer, a chemical reaction occurs. Rust and the brown color of a sliced apple are both examples of oxidation.
How is oxidation occur ?When an atom, molecule, or ion loses one or more electrons during a chemical reaction, oxidation takes place. The chemical species' oxidation state increases while oxidation takes place. Oxygen is not always necessary for oxidation to occur. The phrase was initially used when oxygen produced an electron loss during a process.
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When two species compete, the niche that each species ultimately occupies is its?
When two species compete, the niche that each species ultimately occupies is its realized niche.
Niche is the functional area of a species. This is the region where an organism actually lives, interacts with its biotic and abiotic factors and most importantly reproduces. Niche is a smaller part of the large habitat. Niche is of two types: Fundamental niche and realized niche.
Realized niche is the niche which an organism lives in due to restrictions. This restriction is usually in terms of competition with another species. Realized niche is the real-world phenomenon. Realized niche can be smaller than or equal to fundamental niche, but it can never be larger.
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What tissue acts as a firm, protective packing around and between organs, bundles of muscle fibers, and nerves?
The Adipose tissue acts as a firm, protective packing around and between organs, bundles of muscle fibers, and nerves. Adipose tissue serves as a key metabolic component in the control of whole body energy homeostasis. While the brown adipose tissue stores lipids for cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis.
Other organs use the white adipose tissue as a vital energy source. In addition to protecting the body from the cold and the heat, cushioning sensitive organs, and secreting hormones and biological chemicals, its main job is to store energy. On the other side, neonates and foetuses tend to have more brown adipose tissues.
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Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by infectious proteins. this information indicates that the infectious agent is a(n):_________
Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by infectious proteins. this information indicates that the infectious agent is a Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), or Mad Cow Disease.
BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) is a progressive neurological disorder of cattle that results from infection by an unusual transmissible agent called a prion.
What is Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy?The progressive neurological disorder known as BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy) affects cattle, and its symptoms are comparable to those of scrapie, which affects sheep. Mad cow disease is the name given to BSE. A very unusual infectious agent causes BSE and scrapie, both of which are diseases.
You may notice symptoms like trembling, stumbling, swaying, and behavioural changes like anxiety, aggression, or hysteria. It's possible to notice a loss of weight and a decline in milk production. Rarely will BSE-affected cattle develop an illness overnight. BSE will cause death in all infected cattle.
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When the body's digestive system breaks down starch, a complex carbohydrate, into simpler carbohydrates, the reaction is:________
The reaction is catabolic. Catabolism is a series of metabolic pathways that break down molecules into smaller units, either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions.
Among complex carbohydrates, starch serves as the main glucose storage molecule in plants. A large number of different glucose monomers combine to form starch and are linked by glycosidic bonds. An example of a catabolic reaction that releases chemical energy is the breakdown of starch, a complex carbohydrate, by the body's digestive system into simpler carbohydrates. C. Catabolic, which causes the release of energy, is the correct response. The anabolic process is incorrect because an anabolic reaction involves the synthesis of less complex monomers into more complex monomers. Catabolic processes also lack the ability to store energy.Therefore, catabolic reaction is the correct answer.
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Question 7 of 10
Society has changed its view on the widespread use of DDT since the 1950s.
Which statement best describes what caused this change?
OA. Government funding for DDT use was reduced.
B. Engineers developed ways to make pesticides that were less
expensive.
C. Society was no longer worried about mosquito-borne illnesses.
D. Scientific research showed negative impacts of DDT on the
environment.
Option D Scientific research showed negative impacts of DDT on the
environment is the correct answer of the given statement.
What are the effects of DDT?DDT exposure at low ambient concentrations may have unclear consequences on human health. Human symptoms after exposure to large levels may include nausea, tremors or shakiness, and seizures. The liver and reproductive were affected, according to laboratory animal research. DDT is thought to be a potential human carcinogen.
What is DDT and why was it banned?DDT, often known as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, is a pesticide used in farming. DDT usage was outlawed in the US in 1972. DDT is still used in several non-American nations to keep mosquitoes that cause malaria at bay.
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Which vertebrae type is characterized by a large size and wide, kidney-shaped body?.
Answer:
The lumbar vertebrae is characterized by a large size and wide, kidney-shaped body.
Explanation:
The vertebral column is formed of four different types of vertebrae: the cervical vertebrae, the thoracic vertebrae, the lumbar vertebrae, and the sacrococcygeal vertebrae, in order from head to hip.
cervical vertebrae They generally have a smaller body and larger vertebral foramen, and are known as the smallest types of vertebrae. Their spinous process is bifid, meaning that the spinous processes are divided into two segments. In the cervical vertebrae, the two segments are unequal.
The thoracic portion of the body contains the rib cage, also the thoracic vertebrae too have undergone a modest alteration to allow for this.
The sacrococcygeal area, which includes the sacrum as well as the coccyx, is frequently examined in connection. The sacrum is typically short and broad in females while it is lengthy and narrow in men. The tail's last remaining piece is the coccyx.
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6. What is the density of a cube of water measuring 2cmX4cmX1cm, with a mass of
8g?
Plsss helpppp fasttt
Answer:
1 g/cm³
Explanation:
To find density we need to know the mass and the volume. We already know that the mass is 8 g. Now we need to know the volume using the dimensions above, so all we need to do is
2cmX4cmX1cm to give us 8cm³
Now that we know both the mass and the volume all we have to is to divide the mass(8g) by the volume(8cm³) to give us 1g/cm³(which btw is almost always the constant density of water)
Amphipathic phospholipids arrange themselves into a(n) ______ to form the plasma membrane multiple choice question.
Amphipathic phospholipids arrange themselves into a bilayer to form the plasma membrane
Amphipathic refers to holding property of both water affinity and it's phobia. Thus, amphipathic compound will have structure suitable for both. Same is the condition with lipids. Lipids have hydrophobic tail that are made up of fatty acids. They also have hydrophilic head which is phosphate group. It is polar in nature and hence easily interacts with water.
The two layers of lipid come together to form plasma membrane. Here, the hydrophilic head remains outside while the hydrophilic tails remain inside the bilayer. Both phosphate and fatty acids are attached to glycerol. Other carbohydrates may attach to lipids forming glycolipids, which play different significant roles in functioning of cell.
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Please choose the answer that best completes the blanks of this sentence in the correct order.
______is the ability of a microbe to cause disease.
Please choose the answer that best completes the blanks of this sentence in the correct order Pathogenicity is the ability of a microbe to cause disease. Pathogenicity refers back to the capacity of an organism to purpose disease . This capacity represents a genetic aspect of the pathogen and the overt harm accomplished to the host is a assets of the host-pathogen interactions. .
Six elements are concerned withinside the transmission of communicable diseases such as the infectious agent, the reservoir, direction of exit, mode of transmission, direction of entry, and the prone host. A reservoir is a human, any other animal, or a non-residing thing (together with soil), in which the infectious agent commonly lives.
There are sorts of touch transmission: direct and indirect. Direct touch transmission happens while there's bodily touch among an inflamed man or woman and a prone man or woman. Indirect touch transmission happens while there's no direct human-to-human touch.
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Which statements describe scientific laws but not theories or hypothesis?check all that apply
They don't offer justifications for why they are accurate. They are regarded as established facts.
A theory essentially means the opposite. A well-supported explanation of a phenomenon in the natural world, including laws, hypotheses, and facts, is called a theory.A hypothesis is a statement about the natural world that can be verified by observations or tests. Hypotheses must be falsifiable—that is, they must be formulated in a fashion that allows them to be disproven—and be evaluated scientifically in order to be considered to be true.Scientific laws or laws of science are propositions that describe or forecast a variety of natural occurrences and are based on repeated tests or observations.Scientific rules condense the findings of tests or observations, typically within a specific applicability range. The accuracy of a law typically does not change when a new theory of the relevant phenomenon is developed; rather, the law's application area expands because the mathematics or statement that represents the law remains constant.Therefore, scientific laws, theory, and hypothesis are different aspects of Science.
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1. cats are the only host in which toxoplasma can sexually reproduce. therefore, cats are the _______ host for this protozoan.
Cats are the primary/definitive host for this protozoan.
There are different types of interactions between two species like mutualism, predation, parasitism, commensalism, etc.
Parasites are the organisms that live in/on another organism (host) and derive benefits like food and shelter from it.
The parasites usually harm the host, in some cases even causing their death.
Most of the parasites are species-specific. They can survive only inside the host of a particular species.
But some parasites require more than one host to complete their life cycle. Usually, in such cases, they reproduce asexually in one host and sexually in the other host/hosts.
The host in which they reproduce sexually is known as the primary/definitive host and the host in which they reproduce asexually is known as the secondary/intermediate host.
As the cats are the only host in which toxoplasma can sexually reproduce, therefore, cats are the primary/definitive host for this protozoan.
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Cilia are found in certain:__.
a. protozoa.
b. algae.
c. fungi.
d. bacteria.
e. all of these choices are correct.
Cilia are found in certain a. protozoa.
In the field of biology, cilia can be described as thread-like projections which are membrane-bound, found in mammals and various microorganisms referred to as ciliates.
Protozoa are eukaryotic organisms that are single-celled. The protozoa can either live freely or choose a parasite to live in.
Cilia are present in certain protozoa in order to help the protozoa in movement. The cilia also help the protozoa in gathering food for nutrition. The cilia also make it possible for protozoa to attach to a surface. Sensations in a protozoa can also be generated through cilia.
The cilia cover the entire surface of the protozoa cell.
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The neurologist is conducting a tensilon test at the bedside of a patient who is experiencing?
The neurologist is conducting a Tensilon test (Edrophonium) at the bedside of a patient who is experiencing unexplained muscle weakness, double vision, difficulty breathing, and ptosis.
What is a neurologist?The area of medicine known as neurology is dedicated to understanding and treating nervous system problems. The nervous system controls and synchronizes bodily functions in a sophisticated and complicated manner. There are two main divisions:
The brain and spinal cord are parts of the central nervous system.Eyes, ears, skin, and other "sensory receptors" are examples of peripheral nervous system components.A neurologist is a medical professional with expertise in neurology. A neurologist addresses conditions that impact the nerves, spinal cord, and brain.
Therefore, the patient will be experiencing unexplained muscle weakness, double vision, difficulty breathing, and ptosis.
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If nucleotides from the dna of a human were quantified and 30 percent of them contained the base adenine, what percentage of them would contain the base guanine?.
The percentage of guanine will be 20%.Cytosine and guanine are found in same amounts, we will truly divide their sum through 2. The very last composition is 22% thymine, 28% cytosine, and 28% guanine.
If 10% of the bases in a molecule of DNA are adenine, then the ratio of adenine to guanine with inside the equal molecule is 1:4.Guanine (G) in DNA is one-to-one coupled to cytosine (C), so that still makes up for 10%. Then there is 80% left for the alternative one-to-one couple: Thymine (T) and adenine (A). So 40% T and 40% A.
The ratio of G+C and A+T is regular for any species Therefore the ratio this is typically regular for a given species is G+C/A+T as defined via way of means of Chargaff's laws.
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One function of glial cells is to:____.
a. control heartbeat and breathing.
b. mimic the effects of neurotransmitters.
c.provide nutrients to interneurons.
d. stimulate the production of hormones.
One function of glial cells is to (c) provide nutrients to interneurons.
Glial cells are the non-nerve cells present in the CNA and the PNS. Their function is to physical and metabolic provide support to the nerve cells. There are four types of glial cells: (a) microglia, (b) astrocytes, (c) oligodendrocytes, and (d) their progenitors NG2-glia.
Interneurons are the neurons that convey signal from one neuron to another. They are in between the spinal motor and the sensory neurons. Majority of the neurons in the body are interneurons. The interneurons release neurotransmitters like glutamate or GABA, that regulate the nerve impulses.
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Which solution is most acidic?
A.pH=3
B.pH=7
C.pH=10
D.pH=14
Answer: A
Explanation: The lower pH is higher acidity, and 3 is the lowest so it is the most acidic.
Which cellular structure is associated with eukaryotic cells but not with prokaryotic cells?
Answer:
membrane-bound nucleus
Explanation:
membrane-bound nucleus
Choose the correct scientific name for a microbial species. multiple choice
a. staphylococcus aureus
b. streptococcus pyogenes
c. klebsiella pneumoniae
d. escherichia coli
streptococcus pyogenes is the correct scientific name for a microbial species.
A species of aerotolerant, gram-positive bacteria belonging to the genus Streptococcus is called Streptococcus pyogenes. These bacteria are extracellular and composed of cocci (round cells), which are not spore-producing or motile and frequently form chains. Since they are a rare but typically pathogenic component of the skin microbiota that can result in Group A streptococcal infection, they are clinically significant for humans. According to the type of hemolysis performed on blood agar, they are separated into three groups: beta-hemolytic (full red cell lysis), a hemolytic (green hemolysis), and gamma-hemolytic (no hemolysis). A specific type of bacteria, such as staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae, and escherichia coli, causes a particular disease.
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The molecular mass of propanoic acid is 74.1 amu . calculate the molecular mass of methyl ethanoate, an isomer of propanoic acid. express your answer with the appropriate units.
The structures of propanoic acid and methyl ethanoate are as follow below:
Formula Weight:74.07854
Formula Weight: methyl ethanoate
Molecular Formula: C3H2O2
They have same molecular formula C3H602; thus they are isomers and isomers have same molar mass also. Hence the molar mass of methyl ethanoate is 74.1 amu.
Are methyl ethanoate and propanoic acid isomers?An atom or group of atoms that gives the chemical its distinctive features is known as a functional group. For instance, the hydroxyl group is the functional group in ethanol (-OH). In contrast to its parent hydrocarbon, ethane, which is a gas and insoluble in water, ethanol is a liquid and soluble in water because of its functional group.
Compounds with distinct functional groups but the same chemical formula are known as functional group isomers. Methyl ethanoate and propanoic acid are functional group isomers.
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Which organ is super important in helping you in both conserving heat and cooling your off?
A. Skeletal System
B. Excretory System
C. Respiratory System
D. Integumentary (skin) System
Which tissue type would likely function to hold the kidneys in place?
a) dense regular
b) smooth muscle
c) adipose reticular
In addition to being surrounded by a thick layer of adipose tissue known as perirenal fat that helps to protect it, each kidney is held in place by connective tissue known as renal fascia."
The control of the body's overall energy homeostasis involves the adipose tissue, a key metabolic organ. The white adipose tissue serves as a vital energy source for other organs, but the brown adipose tissue stores lipids for cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis." White adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), which may be seen distinguished depending on tissue color, have historically been considered two different forms of adipose tissue. These depots' white and brown adipocytes display physiological variances that give birth to distinct tissue functions. The primary function is to store energy, but it also protects the body from cold and heat, cushions sensitive organs, and secretes hormones and biological substances. Brown adipose tissue, on the other hand, is primarily found in fetuses and newborns.
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Pathologic anatomy examines all anatomic changes resulting from _____________.
Pathologic anatomy examines all anatomic changes resulting from disease
Disease is the condition of the body when normal conditions are absent that is hindering the normal functioning of the body.
Anatomy is the field of biological sciences that are concerned with internal structures of the living organisms. It is divided into many branches- microscopic anatomy, human anatomy, embryology, comparative anatomy, phytotomy, zootomy, etc.
Pathologic anatomy is a branch of anatomy that deals with the examination of the diseases based on macroscopic as well as microscopic examination of the cells and the tissues.
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