In finding a relationship among elements, Mendeleev:

Lysosome organelle plays a role in intracellular digestion.

To function, every living thing needs energy. Cells must not only take molecules from their surroundings but also degrade them in order to obtain energy from their external environment. Intracellular digestion is the term for this process.

Intracellular digestion is the process where food is taken directly into the cells and digested there. It happens in unicellular organisms like amoebas.

In intracellular digestion, food components are broken down into small molecules inside the food vacuoles of the cell. In extracellular digestion, food components are broken down into small molecules outside of the cell, either on the organic matter that is decomposing or in the alimentary canal lumen.

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For the polymerization of amino acids to form a protein, one would expect the entropy change in the reaction to be negative . this entropy change is expected because small monomers are joining to form polymer which decreases the degree of freedom.

Negative entropy change occurs when non-spontaneous change occur in the system. It means something which is more disordered will become less disordered hence energy will be required for the process.

As the monomers of the amino acids binds together to form a long polypeptide chain. It will lead to decrease in the degree of freedom of the amino acids molecule. Hence it can be called as negative entropy change.

Whenever monomers are joined together to form a macromolecule it will be show a negative entropy change.

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After recording the growth of the organisms over another ten-week period, this time in water that averaged 25°C the temperature of the medium causes the growth graph to fluctuate up and down.

The line climbs upward due to the existence of the optimal temperature for the growth of that organism, which grows best in the temperature range of 15°C to 25°C.

The graph swings downward because the water temperature is unsuitable for the growth of that organism, which grows best in the temperature range of 5°C to 15°C.

We can infer that the growth rate changes owing to water temperature as the organism grows best in the 25°C to 35°C temperature range and the graph swings downward because the water temperature is not conducive to its growth.

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ddNTPs have a hydrogen at 3' position which terminates synthesis of DNA.

ddNTPs is the abbreviated form for dideoxynucleotides triphosphates. They are known as chain elongating inhibitors. The Sanger method is a sequencing technique that is used to increase the number of DNA copies. The DNA synthesis requires magnesium ions, a single-stranded DNA template, oligonucleotide primer, and nucleotide precursors like dATP, dGTP, dTTP, and dCTP. Also, DNA polymerase is required which is an essential component for DNA synthesis.

The Sanger sequencing method is a significant process evident by its use in Human Genome Project which helped scientists in sequencing the human genome. The small sequenced fragments are joined together to form large regions subsequently forming chromosomes.

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It is true that most cells are relatively small for reasons related to the of substances into and out of cells

All cells, whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic, must be tiny. Consider the volume and size of a typical cell. Not all cells are spherical, although most are. The formula for a sphere's surface area is 4πr2, whereas the formula for its volume is 4πr3/3. As a cell's radius grows, its surface area grows as the square of its radius, while its volume grows as the cube of its radius (much more rapidly).

As a result, as a cell grows larger, its surface area-to-volume ratio drops. The same idea would apply if the cell were shaped like a cube (below). If the cell becomes too big, the plasma membrane will not have enough surface area to sustain the increased diffusion rate. In other words, when a cell develops, its efficiency decreases. Divide to become more efficient; create organelles that conduct specialized jobs to become more efficient.

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Many antibiotics kill bacteria because they hinder translation by prokaryotic ribosomes.

An intercellular structure made of both RNA and protein, and it is the site of protein synthesis in the cell is said to be ribosomes.

The ribosome reads the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence and translates that genetic code into a specified string of amino acids, which grow into long chains that fold to form proteins.

Ribosomes was present both in plants cells and animal cells.

Some ribosomes, which are the protein manufacturing organelles in the cell, are suspended in the cytosol of a cell, whereas other ribosomes are attached to the outside of the nucleus. Many antibiotics kill bacteria because they hinder translation by prokaryotic ribosomes.

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Mitochondria are thought to have evolved from ancient bacteria. Free-living bacteria have lost motility in mitochondria over time.

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The majority of plants' capacity to absorb water and nutrients from soil would be significantly diminished.

Fungicide- Pesticides known as fungicides work to eradicate or stop the development of fungus and their spores. They are effective against rusts, mildews, and other plant-damaging fungi. They could also be used elsewhere to manage mold and mildew.

Fungus- Eukaryotic creatures known as fungi include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms as well as other microbes. These creatures fall under the category of fungus. The creatures that make up the Kingdom Fungi are pervasive and have a cell wall. They fall under the category of heterotrophs among living things.

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It is True to say that most cells are tiny due to the diffusion of chemicals into and out of cells.

Simple diffusion is the movement of ions or molecules from a high concentration area to a low concentration area.

The moving components in osmosis are water molecules. Through a semi-permeable barrier, they travel from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration.

The passage of hydrophilic ions or molecules over the plasma membrane is known as facilitated diffusion. The distinction is that transport proteins enhance the diffusion.

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In general, the higher the intensity of exercise, the greater the contribution of anaerobic energy production/ fast glycolysis and is denoted as option B.

This is referred to as a type of physical activity which helps to keep the body fit and improves the general well being of individuals.

Anaerobic glycolysis is also referred to as fast glycolysis and occurs during short intense exercises. During this process, glucose is transformed into to lactate when there are limited amounts of oxygen present in the cells.

There is no adequate energy produced in this process unlike in aerobic glycolysis which has sufficient amount of oxygen and the exercises are less intense.

This is therefore the reason why option B was chosen as the most appropriate choice.

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The options are:

a. aerobic energy production/slow glycolysis

b. anaerobc energy production/ fast glycolysis

c. the Kreb cycle to the production of ATP

d. the electron transport chain to produce ATP

According to a recent analysis, the extinction of woolly mammoths and other huge animals more than 10,000 years ago was triggered by the same "trophic cascade" of ecosystem disturbance that top predators like wolves, cougars, and sharks are causing now. Researchers claim that this mass extinction was brought about by newly arriving humans tipping the scales of power and competing with powerful predators like sabre-tooth cats in a study that was just published in the journal Bioscience. A long-lasting equilibrium was upset, which could be the reason why two-thirds of North America's huge mammals disappeared during this time. Ripple stated, "We think the evidence suggests that substantial ecosystem changes, leading to these domino consequences, can be induced either by removing or introducing a major predator. "The difficulties may have started by adding a predator, in this case, humans, much as they did with woolly mammoths and sabre-tooth cats," says the author.

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Specialized myoepithelial cells can be found amid the secretory cells of apocrine and merocrine sweat glands.

Glands may be defined as the cluster of cells in an animal's body that significantly synthesizes substances like hormones and liberate them into the bloodstream specifically. There are two types of glands that are typically present in humans.

Specialized myoepithelial cells are found amid the secretory cells at the deep end of the glands like apocrine and merocrine. Both of them are sweat glands.

Therefore, apocrine and merocrine are the glands that secrete specialized myoepithelial cells.

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All organisms need food that contains macromolecules in order to survive. because food provides macromolecules that are all used for energy by cells so they can continue to function and do chemical reactions.

A food is a type of substance that provides nutrients to our body. Nutrients are substances that provide energy for performing different activities such as growth, breathing, digesting food, and keeping our body warm. These materials are used for the growth and repair of the body and also keep our immune system healthy. Food also provide energy that is needed to keep the body breathing, movement, growth and repair of tissues.

So we can conclude that All organisms need food that contains macromolecules in order to survive. because food provides macromolecules that are all used for energy by cells so they can continue to function and do chemical reactions.

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With incomplete dominance, a likely ratio resulting from a monohybrid cross would be 1:2:1.

A monohybrid cross is a cross between two homozygous individuals, which produces the contrary phenotype for a particular genetic characteristic. A monohybrid cross is a cross between two organisms of P generation (parental generation) that differ from each other in a single specific characteristic. The organisms of the P generation are homogenous for the specified characteristic. However, the alleles for that specific trait vary between each parent. Based on chance, the potential genetic results of a monohybrid cross can be predicted using a Punnett square. A dihybrid cross, or genetic cross between parents that differ in two features, can also be subjected to this kind of genetic study.

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Answer:

Experts believe this occurs due to impaired memory and perception skills after injury to the "temporal lobe" from a stroke.

Explanation:

An individual with type b blood has Antibody b on the plasma membrane of the red blood cells and antigen A in plasma.

There are mainly four types of blood groups A, AB, O, and B. Blood group O is the universal donor, and blood group AB is the universal receiver.

Blood group A has antibody A on the plasma membrane of the red blood cells and Antigen B in plasma. Blood group AB does not have any antibodies in plasma. Blood group O does not have any antigen in red blood cells.

Blood groups are classified as Rh positive and Rh negative on basis of the presence and absence of Rh antigen. If Rh antigen is present blood group is called Rh positive and if Rh antigen is absent it is called Rh negative.

Therefore, An individual with type b blood has Antibody b on the plasma membrane of the red blood cells and antigen A in plasma.

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Between 23 and 30 weeks connections form between the cerebral cortex and the brain regions that recognize pain sensitivity.

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Magnesium is a further model component necessary to explain how geranium plant leaves produce carbohydrates.

What is geranium?

Geranium is a genus of 422 species of flowering annual, biennial, and perennial plants that are commonly referred to as the cranesbills.  they're found throughout the temperate regions of the world and the mountains of the tropics, but mostly within the eastern part of the Mediterranean region. The long, palmately cleft leaves are broadly circular in form

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Cell damage may be caused by exogenous sources such as abnormal metabolic processes. So the correct option is A.

If enough cells are destroyed as a result of toxic damage to cells, there may be tissue or organ failure, which eventually results in organism death. Discussions of cellular toxicity and biochemical toxicity are essentially inseparable.

The majority of detectable cellular alterations and cell death are brought on by certain biochemical alterations either inside the cell or in the tissue around it. There are, however, a few circumstances in which a harmful chemical or physical substance might harm cells without actually altering any particular chemicals present in the cell or its membrane.

Physically damaging substances like heat and radiation can harm a cell by coagulating its contents (similar to cooking). There are no particular chemical reactions in this situation. A cell may be deprived of vital supplies necessary for existence due to a compromised food supply (such as oxygen and glucose).

Therefore the correct option is A.

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In eukaryotes, Messenger RNA is specific to the synthesis of only one type of protein.

Messenger RNA or also known as mRNA is a single stranded RNA molecule and it carries genetic information of DNA to convert into proteins. It is created when enzyme (RNA polymerase) converts the gene into primary transcript mRNA.

The genetic code taken by mRNA is first converted to amino acids which then is used to synthesize protein.  Genetic information of DNA is stored in mRNA in the sequence of nucleotides which are then arranged into codons. Each Codon is specific for an amino acid but the stop codon is used to stop the protein synthesis.

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Answer:

the circle around the sun and there's a small structure called planets.

endothermic process, endothermic process

Both the removal of an electron from sodium and the removal of an electron from fluorine are endothermic processes. Ionization enthalpies are always positive because removing an electron from an atom always requires energy. It is always an endothermic process.

Endothermic processes:

Heat transfer from the environment to the systems is an endothermic process. As a result, the system has absorbed heat from the environment. An endothermic process has a positive delta H change in enthalpy. Ice cube melting is one instance.

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Answer:

Im pretty sure that it's, "Lunar Rhythm"

Explanation:

Lunar Rhythm- the regular ebb and flow of oceans and very large inland bodies of water; typically two high and two low tides occur each day (about 24.8 hours).

Answer:

A. Lunar rhythm

Explanation:

Their clocks are set by the tides of the lunar rhythm.

Answer: D

Explanation:

The belief that women were neither concerned nor troubled with sexual feelings was typical of the Victorian Era.

Women in the Victorian era were suppressed and treated unequally to men. They were not even allowed to talk about undergarments to buy them and were forced to stay committed to a single man, her husband, after marriage. Women at that time were expected to stay modest and pure.

In the Victorian era, sex was not discussed openly, and ideas were confined. Dealing with inequality, women were expected to stay in a marriage with their husbands and not be involved in sex with any other man except their spouse. However, men were allowed to have extramarital affairs and women could not even ask for a divorce.

Women were not allowed to fulfill their physical desires. Instead, it was believed that sexual relations for women could not be of any concern for desires or feelings. But this was a luxury reserved for men.

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Answer:

If body temperature is too low, chemical reactions slow down. If body temperature is too high, chemical reactions speed up.

Explanation:

Which is why it is essential to have a normal body temperature in order chemical reactions to catalyze (continue).

Protein: 4 x 4 = 16 calories

The number of calories per gram in each macronutrient is as follows: 4 calories are found in carbohydrates, 9 calories from fat, 4 calories in protein.

So on multiplying based on their calories per gram we get:

Fat: 7 x 9 = 63 cal

Carbohydrates: 16 x 4 = 64 cal

Protein: 4 x 4 = 16 cal

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The microorganism Rhizobium spp is frequently seen living symbiotically with the roots of bean plants.

The best option is B.

We are accompanied by microbes, which are incredibly tiny living things that are invisible to the unaided eye. They are organisms that are both terrestrial and avian. The human body is home to millions of these bacteria, often known as microorganisms. While certain bacteria cause disease in us, others are essential to our health.

For instance, the human body includes 10 bacteria for each and every human cell, and these microbes aid in the production of vitamin K, stimulate the growth of the immune system, and detoxify poisons. Of course, many of the items we enjoy, like bread, cheese, and wine, must be produced by microbes.

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