in a double replacement reaction the reactants are usually a. positively charged ions only b. positively and negatively charged ions c. negatively charged only d. metals and halogens

Since oxygen's atomic weight is 16, a mole of oxygen atoms weighs 16 g and includes 6.02 X 1023 of them.

The average mass of an element's atoms expressed in atomic mass units is known as its atomic mass. The mass of the each atom is multiplied by its abundance to get the atomic mass, which is an average of all the nuclei of that element.

The atomic number is proportional to the amount of electrons in the atom's nucleus (Z). In a neutral atom, there are exactly as many electrons as protons. The total number of neutrons and protons in the atom's nucleus is identical to the mass number (M) of the atom.

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Photosynthesis and penny tarnishing is both are chemical changes.

Photosynthesis is a chemical change. The process of photosynthesis is the process of making energy in plants that utilize sunlight, air and carbon dioxide into energy.

Tarnishing is considered a chemical change. A change in color indicates that a new chemical has been created. The copper on the surface of the coin combines with oxygen in the air to form another substance, copper oxide.

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The IV bag will contain 0.036 moles of carbon atoms. We can start by calculating the number of moles of C₆H₁₂O₆ in 100 ml of the diluted solution.

Calculate the moles of C₆H₁₂O₆ in 1 L of the original solution (0.30 M):

moles = concentration x volume = 0.30 M x 1.0 L = 0.30 moles

Calculate the volume of the diluted solution:

volume = original volume + added volume = 1.0 L + 4.0 L = 5.0 L

Calculate the concentration of C₆H₁₂O₆ in the diluted solution:

concentration = moles of solute / volume of solution = 0.30 moles / 5.0 L = 0.06 M

Calculate the moles of C₆H₁₂O₆ in 100 ml of the diluted solution:

moles = concentration x volume = 0.06 M x (100 ml / 1000 ml/L) = 0.006 moles

Calculate the number of moles of carbon atoms in 0.006 moles of C₆H₁₂O₆:

Each molecule of C₆H₁₂O₆ contains 6 carbon atoms, so the number of moles of carbon atoms in 0.006 moles of C₆H₁₂O₆ is:

moles of carbon atoms = 0.006 moles x 6 atoms of carbon / 1 molecule of C₆H₁₂O₆ = 0.036 moles of carbon atoms

Therefore, the IV bag will contain 0.036 moles of carbon atoms.

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Complete question:

To prepare a nutrient solution, a nurse dilutes 1.0L of 0.30 M C6H12O6(aq) by adding 4.0L of water. The nurse then adds 100. ml of the diluted solution to an intravenous bag. How many moles of carbon atoms will the IV bag contain?

A homogeneous mixture was prepared by mixing 0.50 g a, 108.9 how many hours will it take to fill a cubic vat of 14.2 ft edge length with a liquid that has a density of 1.23 g/ml and is spilling at a rate of 2.69 kg/s?g b and 30.92 g c. the volume is found to be 77.5 cm3. It will take approximately 16.5 hours to fill the cubic vat with the liquid.

The density of the mixture can be determined using the formula:

density = mass / volume

First, find the total mass of the mixture:

mass = 0.50 g + 108.9 g + 30.92 g = 140.32 g

Next, convert the volume from [tex]cm^{3}[/tex] to mL:

volume = 77.5  [tex]cm^{3}[/tex] x (1 mL/1  [tex]cm^{3}[/tex]) = 77.5 mL

Finally, calculate the density of the mixture:

density = mass / volume = 140.32 g / 77.5 mL = 1.81 g/mL

So, the density of the mixture is 1.81 g/mL.

As for the time it will take to fill the cubic vat, you can use the formula:

time = volume / (rate x conversion factor)

First, convert the volume of the vat to liters:

volume = 14.2 ft x 14.2 ft x 14.2 ft = 4355.57 [tex]ft^{3\\[/tex] = 123.3 [tex]m^{3}[/tex] = 123,300 L

Next, convert the rate from kg/s to L/s:

rate = 2.69 kg/s / (1.23 g/mL) = 2.18 L/s

Finally, calculate the time it will take to fill the vat:

time = volume / rate = 123,300 L / 2.18 L/s = 56,501.85 s = approximately 16.5 hours

So, it will take approximately 16.5 hours to fill the cubic vat with the liquid.

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The oxide thickness if dry oxidation is performed on bare silicon at 1000oc for 1 hour in dry oxygen is 0.069470392 [tex]\mu \mathrm {m}$[/tex]

Oxide thickness is determined by quantification of total amount of oxygen and assuming an oxygen atom density. It increases with increasing oxidation time and temperature.

Using the formula t(ox)^2+A(tOx)=b(t+ζ)

The oxide thickness after a dry thickness at 1000 degrees Celsius needs to be calculated.

A=0.165 [tex]\mu \mathrm{m}[/tex]

B=0.117 [tex]\mu \mathrm{m}^2 / hr[/tex]

ζ=0.37

Substituting the values, we get

t(ox)^2+0.165 t(ox)=0.117(1+0.37)

t(ox)^2+0.165 t(ox)-0.016029=0

t(ox)^2+0.165 t(ox)-0.016029=0

Now using the quadratic formula, it can be written as follows;

[tex]t_{o x}=\frac{-0.165 \pm \sqrt{(0.165)}-4 \times 1 \times(-0.01004)}{2}[/tex]

[tex]t_ox=\frac{-0.165 \pm \sqrt{0.027225+0.06516}}{2}[/tex]

[tex]t_ox=\frac{-0.165 \pm \sqrt{0.092385}}{2}[/tex]

[tex]t_ox=\frac{-0.165 \pm 0.303940784}{2}[/tex]

[tex]t_ox=0.069470392 \mu \mathrm{m}[/tex](ignoring the negative value as thickness can't be negative)

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A hydrocarbon (a substance containing carbon, hydrogen, and potentially oxygen) always combines with oxygen to generate both water and carbon dioxide in a combustion process.

The energy-producing process that powers the metabolic functions of most living organisms, respiration, depends heavily on oxygen. All living creatures, including people, are reliant on air to survive.

According to scientists, the oceans produce almost percent of the oxygen that is used by humans. The primary source of this synthesis is oceanic plankton, which comprises floating flowers, algae, and some bacteria that may photosynthesize. It belongs to a particular species and is the smallest photosynthetic organism on Earth.

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we require 50,9 ml of concentrated  stock solution to prepare diluted 0.16 m solution with 474 ml total volume..

Pipetting 10 ml of stocks 10% sucrose into the a 100-milliliter volumetric flask and adding 100 ml of water would provide 100 ml diluted 1% sucrose.Simply said, diluting stock solutions is a more practical way to create different sampling method involves then weighing out chemical individually.

100 mL, or 0.1 L, of the standard solutions is all that is required.Use the dilution formula M1V1 = M2V2, where M is the solution's concentration in mol/L, V is the volume in litres, and 1 and 2 are the concentrated and diluted conditions, respectively.

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Keep in mind that organic molecules that are water soluble must have functional groups that either contain oxygen or nitrogen. Methanol is the next organic solvent that is likewise quite polar.

Food production without the use of chemical pesticides offers several advantages. In comparison to traditional agricultural practices, organic methods have been found to have 40% greater yields during dry spells, utilize 45% lower energy, and emit 40% less carbon.

Anything with the USDA Certified Organic designation is obligated to be grown without synthetic additions like pesticide, synthetic fertilizers, and dyes, as well as without being processed with industrial solvents. It is essentially the cleanest food you can eat if you wish to consume just organic foods.

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The volume of 5.097 g of water at 25 degrees Celsius is 5.121 mL.

The volume of 5.097 g of water can be determined by using its density, which at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius is 0.9971 g/mL.

To find the volume,

divide the mass by the density:

5.097 g / 0.9971 g/mL = 5.121 mL

This means that 5.121 mL of water has a mass of 5.097 g. To deliver this amount of water with a 5 mL pipet, one would simply measure out 5.121 mL of water using the pipet. It's important to note that the density of water changes with temperature, so the volume of a given mass of water will also change with temperature.

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In a Lewis structure that contains a polar covalent bond, the atom with the highest electronegativity will have the partial negative charge, indicated by a delta symbol (-).

Lewis structure, also called electron-dot structure, is a structural formula in which electrons are represented by dots; two dots between two atoms represent a covalent bond.

The polarity of the bond is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the two bonded atoms, with the more electronegative atom having a stronger affinity for electrons and taking on a partial negative charge.

For example, in a bond between chlorine (Cl) and hydrogen (H), nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen and will have a partial negative charge. This would be represented in the Lewis structure as Cl (-) - H (+).

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The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is: HCl(aq) + NaOH(s) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l).

The maximum mass of sodium chloride that can be produced from the reaction depends on the limiting reagent, which is the reactant that runs out first and limits the amount of product that can be formed. To determine the limiting reagent, we need to calculate the number of moles of each reactant.

Given 6.6 g of hydrochloric acid, we can calculate its number of moles:

n = m / M

= 6.6 g / 36.5 g/mol

= 0.18 mol

Similarly, for 10.2 g of sodium hydroxide, we can calculate its number of moles:

n = m / M

= 10.2 g / 40 g/mol

= 0.255 mol

Since the number of moles of sodium hydroxide is greater than the number of moles of hydrochloric acid, hydrochloric acid is the limiting reagent. Hence, the maximum amount of sodium chloride that can be produced by the reaction is 0.18 mol, or:

m = n x M

= 0.18 mol x 58.5 g/mol

= 10.5 g

Therefore, the maximum mass of sodium chloride that could be produced by the reaction is 10.5 g.

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The mass of the isotope that would remain is 300 g.

The half-life of a substance is the time it takes for half of the substance to decay or disappear. It is a fundamental concept in the field of radioactivity and is used to describe the rate at which radioactive isotopes decay.

We know that the half life of the uranium 238 is 4.5 * 10^6 years. Then we know that;

N/No = (1/2)^t/t1/2

N = amount at time t

No = amount initially present

t1/2 = half life

t = time taken

Thus we have;

N/1000 = (1/2)^36 x 10^9 / 4.5 * 10^6

N = [ (1/2)^3.6 x 10^9 / 4.5 * 10^6 ] * 1000

N = 300 g

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The percentage of Nacl in the mixture is 38.46%.

The total mass of the mixture= 5.2g

i.e. mass of Nacl=  2.0 g

Percentage of Nacl in the mixture= mass of NaCl* 100/total mass of the mixture

= [tex]\frac{2.0*100}{5.2}[/tex]= 38.46%.

In chemistry, an aggregate is a material made from two or extra unique chemical materials which are not chemically bonded. An aggregate is the bodily combination of or extra materials in which the identities are retained and are blended inside the form of answers, suspensions, and colloids.

Combinations are made of robotically blending or mixing chemical substances including elements and compounds, without chemical bonding or another chemical alternative, in order that each aspect substance retains its very own chemical house and make-up. despite the reality that there are no chemical modifications to its ingredients, the physical residences of an aggregate, inclusive of its melting factor, may also vary from the ones of the additives. a few mixtures can be separated into their components by using a bodily (mechanical or thermal) approach. Azeotropes are one type of combination that normally poses good-sized difficulties concerning the separation strategies required to reap their elements (physical or chemical tactics or, even a blend of them).

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The observation that a sample of potassium chloride from Chile contains the same percent by mass of potassium as one from Poland demonstrates the Law of Definite Proportions, also known as Proust's Law.

Proust's Law, also known as the Law of Definite Proportions, states that a chemical compound always contains the same elements in the same proportions by mass, regardless of its source. This law was first stated by French chemist Joseph Louis Proust in 1799. The law is a fundamental principle of chemistry and provides the basis for the idea of atomic theory. It demonstrates that the elements in a chemical compound are combined in a fixed ratio and that this ratio is characteristic of the compound. The law applies to all chemical compounds, whether they are naturally occurring or synthesized in the laboratory. This observation is key to the understanding of the behavior of chemical substances and the development of the science of chemistry.

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The basicity of CH3CH2 is greatest, CH3NH is middle, and CH3O is lowest. Being basic is a characteristic of a base (not really an acid).

A base is a chemical that reacts with hydrogen ions to neutralize the acid. The majority of foundations are mineral compounds that combine with acids to create water and salts. The oxides, hydroxides, and trace elements of metals are examples of bases. Alkaline solutions are the solubility bases. Alkalies include sodium hydroxide.

Because it totally dissociates into salts and hydroxide ions, sodium chloride is the stronger base. Further away from the acid, such strong acids are bathed with hydrogen ions, totally ionizing the hydrogen ions.

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The amount of energy required to vaporize 500 grams of water is 1128 KJ. when the  heat of vaporization of water is 40.67 kj/mol.

The process of turning a liquid at its boiling point into a gas involves the absorption of energy. The temperature of a boiling liquid stays constant, just like with a solid's melting point, and energy must be added to cause the state to change. The heat that one mole of a substance absorbs during the transition from a liquid to a gas is known as the molar heat of vaporisation (Hvap).

The given data is

amount of water = 500 grams

molar mass of water = 18.02 g/mol

heat of vaporization of water [tex]H_{vap\\}[/tex] = 40.67 kj/mol

The vaporization's molar heat,[tex]H_{vap\\}[/tex]

The molar enthalpy of vaporisation, measures the amount of energy required to vaporise one mole of a given substance at its boiling point.

In the example of water, a molar heat of vaporisation of 40.67 kJ /mol 1 indicates that 40.67 kJ/mol of heat must be applied in order to bring 1 mole of water to a boil at its typical boiling point of 100 C.

So,

for calculating the mass of water to moles by using its molar mass:-

500*[tex]\frac{1}{18.02}[/tex] = 27.74

So, the energy requires is :

27.74*[tex]\frac{40.67}{1}[/tex] = 1128 KJ

Hence, the energy required to vaporize 500 grams of water is 1128 KJ.

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The Trivial Solution is what we refer to as. A homogeneous system can never be inconsistent since it always has a solution (the simple solution). As a result, a homogeneous system of equations always has either a singular solution.

A system of linear equations typically has a single solution, although it is occasionally possible for there to be no solution (parallel lines) or infinitely many solutions (same line).

When all of the constant terms in a system of linear equations are equal to zero, the system is said to be homogeneous. A homogeneous system always has at least one solution, which is the zero vector. A homogeneous system that has undergone a row operation remains homogenous after the operation.

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The molality of a solution containing 5.0 moles of kcl and 75.0 moles of H₂O is 3.7mol/ kg

The number of moles of solute in a solution equal to 1 kg or 1000 g of solvent is referred to as its molality. The definition of molarity, on the other hand, is based on a certain volume of solution. Mol/kg is a standard measurement for molality in chemistry.

KCI has moles of nKCI=1.12mol.

H₂O hasmoles of nH2O = 16.0mol.

Let's determine the given solution's molality.

We must ascertain the solvent's mass.

Water's molar mass is

MH₂O=2⋅MH+1⋅MO

​=2⋅1.008g/mol+1⋅16g/mol

=18.016g/mol

The solvent has a mass of

nH₂o=mass H₂0/MH₂O

mass H₂O=nH₂O⋅MH₂O

=75.0mol⋅18.016g/mol

=1,351.2g⋅ 1kg/1000g

​=1.3512kg

We can now determine the molality of a certain solution.

Molality is moles devide by mass solvent

Molecularity = n KCl/mass H₂O

​= 5mol/ 1.3512kg

​= 3.7mol/ kg

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The final volume can be determined using Charles's law. The volume of gas at -39.9 degree Celsius will be 6.7 dm³.

According to Charles's law, at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature.

Hence, V/T = constant.

Let, V1 and T1 be the initial volume and temperature and V2, T2 be the final quantities.

then, V1/T1 = V2/T2.

V2 = V1 T2/ T1

Given, V1 = 8.9 dm³

T1 = 38.8 °C = 311.8 K

T2 = -39.9  °C = 233.1 K

Then, V2 =  8.9 dm³ × 233.1 K /311.8 K = 6.7  dm³

Therefore, the volume of the gas reduces to 6.7 dm³

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Because they actually monitor one ion's activity significantly more than the activity of the other ions present, ion selective electrodes are dubbed selective rather than specific.

What is ion selective electrodes?

A specific ion electrode (SIE), also referred to as an ion-selective electrode (ISE), is a transducer that transforms the activity of a particular ion dissolved in a solution into an electrical potential. The Nernst equation states that the voltage is theoretically dependent on the logarithm of the ionic activity. Analytical chemistry and biochemical/biophysical research that calls for measurements of ionic concentration in an aqueous solution uses ion-selective electrodes. Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) typically use one of four basic forms of ion-selective membrane: glass, solid state, liquid based, or compound electrode.

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The statement is True, because, Elements with standard reduction potentials lower (more negative) than water are susceptible to corrosion in aqueous environments, even when not in contact with another metal.

This is because the oxide layers that form on the surface of the metal are more easily corroded in water than in air. Additionally, the corrosion rate is accelerated by the presence of other ions in the water, such as chloride ions, which can break down the oxide layers and lead to corrosion.

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The Rf value for a spot in a TLC experiment if the solvent moved 14.9 cm and the spot moved 6.5 cm from the origin is 0.43.

What is solvent?

A solvent is a substance that can dissolve an insoluble solute and create a solution. Solvents are often liquids, although they can also be solids, gases, or supercritical fluids. The amount of solute that dissolves in a given volume of solvent changes depending on the temperature. Dry cleaning, paint thinners, nail polish removers, glue solvents, spot removers, detergents, and scents are a few applications for solvents. Polar molecules can float in water. The most used solvent is water because it can virtually completely dissolve all solutes.

[tex]Rf = \frac{Distance traveled by the compound}{Distance traveled by the solvent front}[/tex]

[tex]=\frac{6.5}{14.9} \\=0.43[/tex]

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The option (d) is correct i.e. All of the above, are the examples of solutions in our everyday life.

Examples of solutions in everyday life include:

1. Pure water - Water is considered a pure substance because it consists of only one type of molecule (H2O). However, it can also function as a solvent in solutions. For example, water can dissolve salts, sugars, and other dissolved solids, making it a common ingredient in many beverages, foods, and cleaning products.

2. Vinegar - Vinegar is an aqueous solution of acetic acid that is commonly used in cooking, cleaning, and as a condiment. It is a homogeneous mixture of acetic acid and water that is transparent and has a distinct sour taste.

3. Rubbing alcohol - Rubbing alcohol is a solution of isopropyl alcohol and water that is used as a topical antiseptic and for cleaning surfaces. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinct, somewhat medicinal odor.

4. Table salt - Table salt is a solution of sodium chloride in water that is used as a seasoning and food preservative. It is a homogeneous mixture of sodium and chloride ions in a crystalline form that dissolves readily in water.

5. Mouthwash - Mouthwash is a solution of various active ingredients in water that is used to freshen breath, kill germs, and clean the mouth. It is a homogeneous mixture of ingredients that is typically used after brushing and flossing.

6. Tea - Tea is a solution of various soluble compounds in water that is made by steeping tea leaves in boiling water. It is a homogeneous mixture of soluble compounds, including caffeine, tannins, and other flavonoids, that is widely consumed for its flavor and health benefits.

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Question - what are examples of solutions in your every day life? select one or more:

(a) pure water & vinegar

(b) rubbing alcohol

(c) table salt, mouthwash and tea

(d) All of the above

It implies that the massiest component is 1.0mole of NI3. The correct reaction is A.

A substance comprised of two or so more elements is known as a compound. Table salt, water, and co2 are a few instances of compounds.

So because number of moles of a mixture is the mass from one gram of that compound, finding the molarity of each compound and contrasting them to determine which one is the highest would provide the answer to this problem.

NI3 seems to have a molar mass of 394.72g/mol.

H3PO4 does have a molar mass of 97.99 g/mol.

KCl seems to have a molar mass of 74.55g/mol.

FeCl3 seems to have a molar mass of 162.2 g/mol.

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The appropriate elements to their respective bins Li----------- He, O,Mg ----------- Ne, S, K ------------Ar,Rb, ------------- Kr

The Li+ ion has 2 electrons, just like He. The ions Mg2+ and O2− each have 10 electrons like Ne. The S2− and K+ each have 18 electrons like Ar. The ions As3− and Rb+ each have 36 electrons like Kr.

What other ions contain as many electrons as a noble gas?

As an illustration, oxygen in Group 16 forms O2 to have the same number of electrons as neon, barium in Group 2 forms Ba2+ to have the same number of electrons as its nearest noble gas, xenon, cesium in Group 1 forms Cs+ to have the same number of electrons as xenon.

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Complete question is here:

If the following elements were to form ions, they would attain the same number of electrons as which noble gas Whose the appropriate elements to their respective bins.

As,Li,O,S,k,Mg,Rb

a)He

B)Ne

C)Ar

D)Kr

Calcite reacts readily with cool, dilute hydrochloric acid to produce visible bubbles of CO2 gas.

The reaction can be represented by the equation: CaCO3 + 2 HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2. This reaction occurs because the hydrochloric acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in the calcite to form calcium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide gas. The gas bubbles are visible evidence of the reaction.

Calcite is a mineral that reacts readily with cool, dilute hydrochloric acid to produce visible bubbles of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas. This reaction occurs because the hydrochloric acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in the calcite to form calcium chloride, water, and CO2 gas, which can be represented by the following chemical equation: CaCO3 + 2 HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2. The release of CO2 gas in the form of bubbles is a visible indication that the reaction has taken place. The other minerals listed (gypsum, quartz, and plagioclase) do not react with dilute hydrochloric acid in this way.

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If you add a bunch of the solvent, the solution could not be concentrated enough to recrystallize.

In order to have a solution that is saturated, it is essential that you incorporate the smallest possible quantity of the boiling solvent. If you add an excessive amount of solvent to the mixture, the solution may become too watered down for crystals to form.

It is essential to get the flask down to room temperature before placing it in ice water to finish the cooling process. A hurried crystal formation will result in the crystal lattice becoming contaminated with contaminants. In addition to this, the crystals that form will be more diminutive.

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The liquid and Solid states are called the Condensed states of matter because their particles are very close together.

In the bodily sciences, a particle (or corpuscle in older texts) is a small localized item that can be defined with the aid of numerous physical or chemical residences, consisting of extent, density, or mass. they range greatly in size or amount, from subatomic debris just like the electron, to microscopic debris like atoms and molecules, to macroscopic particles like powders and other granular materials. debris also can be used to create clinical fashions of even larger items depending on their density, which includes people shifting in a crowd or celestial bodies in motion.

The term particle is rather fashionable in meaning and is refined as needed with the aid of numerous clinical fields. whatever is composed of particles may be referred to as being particulate. but, the noun particulate is maximum frequently used to consult pollutants within the Earth's surroundings, which are a suspension of unconnected particles, as opposed to connected particle aggregation.

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Answer:

[tex]\huge\boxed{\sf \lambda = 1.2 \times 10^{-6} \ m}[/tex]

Explanation:

Frequency = f = 2.5 × 10¹⁴ Hz

Speed of light = c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s

Wavelength = λ = ?

[tex]\displaystyle \lambda = \frac{c}{f}[/tex]

Put the given data in the above formula.

[tex]\displaystyle \lambda = \frac{3 \times 10^8}{2.5 \times 10^{14}} \\\\\lambda = 1.2 \times 10^{8-14}\\\\\lambda = 1.2 \times 10^{-6} \ m\\\\\rule[225]{225}{2}[/tex]

Think about a fictitious process where the reactants are A and B and the products are C and D. The product D will be produced in an amount of 33 g.

23 grams in A.

28 grams in B.

18 grams of C.

D = x gms.

Let's make the following equation:

23 g 28 g 18 g x g?

A+ B= C+ D

2. The Law of Mass states that the total amount of reactants A and B reacted will equal the total amount of products C and D produced.

If x = (23+28) — 18 = 33 g, product D will be produced in an amount of 33 g.

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