For adequate function, cells must have an adequate supply of oxygen, glucose, and water.
Each cell in the body requires adenosine triphosphate as an energy source. Cells require oxygen in order to carry out the process of cellular respiration. Through this process, glucose and oxygen are broken down to release energy in the form of ATP.
Cells also require water for adequate functioning. Water plays an important role in many of the major functions of the body. It is due to water that a cell has the potential to transport materials into and out of a cell.
Almost all of the chemical reactions that occur in the body require water. Water is also required for the excretion of waste from the body in the form of urine. Water also plays a major role in temperature regulation of the body.
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ecology - day 2 aquatic systems
The correct answer is the ocean.
Processes must be in place to aid the environment in returning to its initial condition following a disturbance in order for it to be called stable. An ecosystem with a variety of food chains and biotic interactions is likely to exist in areas with a high level of biodiversity and genetic variation.
Mountains are formed and destroyed by a variety of manmade and natural factors.
Deserts may also be destroyed by natural disasters, hence they are not regarded as stable ecosystems.
Forests cannot be considered to have a stable environment since they may be destroyed by fire or the process of deforestation.
Since it doesn't change throughout time, the ocean is a stable environment. Oceans have not changed over the course of the planet's vast existence. Small changes in the oceans are difficult to observe because of their enormous magnitude.
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Electrons have a charge of
Answer:
-1
Explanation:
Assume that the concordance value for a particular trait is 85or both monozygotic and dizygotic twins. what can be concluded about this trait?
If the concordance value for a particular trait is 85% for both monozygotic and dizygotic twins. We can conclude about this trait that it is likely caused almost exclusively by environmental factors.
What is Concordance?Concordance, in genetics, is the probability that a pair of individuals will have a certain characteristic (phenotypic trait) given that one of the pair has the characteristic. Twins are said to be concordant when both have or both lack a given trait. Studies have shown that genetic traits of monozygotic twins are fully concordant, whereas in dizygotic twins, half of genetic traits are concordant, while the other half are discordant.
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An action potential involves na moving ________ the cell and k moving ________ the cell.
Inside, Outside
An action potential involves Na moving inside the cell and k moving outside the cell.
Na+ moves inside the cell during an action potential, and k+ moves outside the cell.Outside of the cells, natrium content is greater. The ion canals will open when an action potential occurs, allowing sodium or natrium to enter the cells. As a result, the potential will depolarize quickly and turn more positive. After some time, the potassium/kalium ion will leave the cell and repolarize the membrane potential, making it more negative once more.What is action potential? A abrupt, quick, transient, and propagating shift in the resting membrane potential is referred to as an action potential. The only cells that can produce action potentials are neurons and muscle cells; this quality is known as excitability.To learn more about action potential visit:
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A(n) __________ amino acid is one that is needed in the diet because it cannot be made in the body or cannot be made in adequate quantities for sustaining the body's needs.
Answer:
Essential
Explanation:
essential amino acids
An action potential is generated by the movement of:_______
a. glial cells.
b. hormones.
c. vesicles.
d. ions.
An action potential is generated by the movement of positive ions
Action potentials are short electrical signals that neurons use to interact with one another. The movement of certain ions into and out of the neuron causes these fleeting changes in the voltage across the membrane. The membrane is primarily permeable to K+ when the body is at rest, which causes the membrane potential to form. In response to depolarization, an action potential starts at the axon hillock. An electrical stimulus causes voltage-gated sodium ion channels to open during depolarization. The positive charge of the sodium ions causes them to rush back into the cell, shifting the potential there from negative to more positive. An action potential is generated when a threshold potential is met. Only once a threshold has been met will action potentials happen.
Following depolarization, voltage-gated sodium ion channels start to shut. Voltage-gated potassium channels open as a result of the positive potential inside the cell, and K+ ions then exit the cell via their electrochemical gradient. The membrane potential shifts more negatively and begins to get closer to the resting potential as the K+ leaves the cell.
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The cori cycle involves formation of glucose made by gluconeogenesis in the liver from lactic acid produced by fermentation in skeletal muscles. true false
The cori cycle involves formation of glucose made by gluconeogenesis in the liver from lactic acid produced by fermentation in skeletal muscles.- True.
Gluconeogenesis is the process of formation of glucose from non carbohydrate sources like amino acids, glycerol and lactate.
The process fermentation occurs in the muscles when it is working continuously and anaerobic condition occurs and lactate is produced.
Cori cycle is a metabolic pathway present in our body in which their is conversion of lactate produced by the muscles back into glucose in the liver and is transported back to the muscle for utilization.
It usually occurs when is muscle to doing heavy work in anaerobic condition.
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How long does it take for a nutrient to diffuse from the blood to a cell which is 100 micrometers from the nearest capillary?
it takes 5 seconds for a nutrient to diffuse from the blood to a cell which is 100 micrometers from the nearest capillary.
What is Capillary?Capillaries are small blood vessels lined of a single layer of endothelium. The exchange of gases and nutrients that take place between the blood and tissues is the function of the capillaries. Oxygen from the red blood cell and nutrients in the blood diffuses into the tissues, while carbon dioxide from the tissues diffuses out into the blood. The carbon dioxide is then transported to the lungs, where it will be exhaled.
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Each spring, high school students, college interns, and retirees count and weigh tiny glass eels in streams that feed into the hudson river. they report their observations to the new york state department of environmental conservation hudson river estuary program and the national estuarine research reserve system, who depend on volunteers, to help build a database of information about glass eels. the observations that these volunteers make would best be described as__________
In streams that pour into the Hudson River every spring, high school students, college interns, and retirees weigh and count the tiny glass eels. the observations that these volunteers make would best be described as observational studies
They share their findings with the volunteer-run national estuarine research reserve system and the Hudson River Estuary Program of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation in order to contribute to the creation of a database of knowledge on glass eels. These volunteers' observations are best characterized as discovery science.
What is science of discovery?The goal of discovery science, also known as discovery-based science, is to identify novel patterns, relationships, and hypotheses via the examination of extensive experimental data.
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The observations that these volunteers make would best be described as___ observational studies
What is observational study?
Observational studies involve the study of participants with none forced change to their circumstances, that is, with none intervention. Although the participants' behaviour may change under observation, the intent of observational studies is to research the 'natural' state of risk factors, diseases or outcomes
Why are observational studies important?
They help to investigate relationships that are unable to be tested under randomised controlled experiments, can help provide insight and develop hypotheses on what subsequent randomised evidence is required for future research, and may provide an understanding on how things work in clinical practice
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For which method of determining population size is the population not aware of the sampler’s presence? a. mark/recapture b. direct observation c. sampling d. indirect observation please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
(D) indirect observation is the right response since it is a method of determining population size is the population not aware of the sampler's presence.
The population is not aware of the sampler's presence when indirect observation is used to estimate population size. The population's members may be few or elusive when employing indirect observation.
It can be simpler to look for their footprints or other traces than the actual organisms. As animals are viewed from a distance without being in contact with them, this technique is the least invasive.
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What happens to the scores in both subjects as we increase the time spent studying biology?
No doubt, when much time is given studying another subject like biology, he will get more scores in biology while the other subject he spent less time on will lower score as this will be at the recieving end.
In order to perform excellently well in one's academics, it is very important to learn how to maintain balance while studying subjects.
Sometimes, students fail a particular subject not because it's difficult but they deprive it of own study attention to another subject because they believe spending time with other subject more will help them not fail it
What is biology?Biology can simply be defined as the study of life or living organisms This goes to say that it helps us to understand all about plants and animals.
A person who studies biology is called a biologist.
Below are some few branches of biology:
ZoologyBotanyMicrobiologyCytologyGeneticsEcologyAnatomyPhysiologySo therefore, no doubt, when much time is given studying another subject like biology, he will get more scores in biology while the other subject he spent less time on will lower score as this will be at the recieving end.
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It is possible for a patient to have gingivitis that is not caused by? bacterial plaque. gingivitis can be caused from an allergic reaction or fungal infection.
Both the above statements are true.
What is gingivitis?Gum inflammation is brought on by gingivitis, a non-destructive condition. Plaque-induced gingivitis, which results from bacterial biofilms (also known as plaque) that are attached to tooth surfaces, is the most prevalent type of gingivitis and the most prevalent type of periodontal disease overall. Plaque causes the majority of kinds of gingivitis.
While some occurrences of gingivitis never turn into periodontitis, gingivitis is always the first stage of periodontitis. Gingivitis is treatable with excellent oral care, but if left untreated, it can proceed to periodontitis, in which the gum inflammation causes tissue loss and bone loss surrounding the teeth.
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Tetracycline is an antibiotic that works by binding to the 30s subunit of bacterial ribosomes, thus inhibiting protein synthesis. this drug is able to cross the cell membrane because:_____
Tetracycline is an antibiotic that works by binding to the 30s subunit of bacterial ribosomes, thus inhibiting protein synthesis. This drug is able to cross the cell membrane because as a weak base, it can cross the membrane in its uncharged form.
Tetracycline, an antibiotic, inhibits protein synthesis in what way?Tetracyclines prohibit aminoacyl-tRNA from joining the bacterial ribosome, hence inhibiting the production of bacterial proteins. Therefore, depending on whether the vulnerable organism is a gram positive or gram negative, these molecules must pass through one or more membrane systems in order to engage with their targets. Tetracyclines travel via the OmpF and OmpC porin channels of gram-negative enteric bacteria as positively charged cation-tetracycline coordination complexes, most likely magnesium. The Donnan potential draws the cationic metal ion-antibiotic complex across the outer membrane, causing it to accumulate in the periplasm. There, the metal ion-tetracycline complex is likely to dissociate to release uncharged tetracycline, a weakly lipophilic molecule that can diffuse through the lipid bilayer regions of the inner (cytoplasmic) membrane.Learn more about the Tetracycline with the help of the given link:
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The ____ model focuses on promoting good health and good health practices to avert disease
The public health model focuses on promoting good health and good health practices to avert disease.
What do you mean by public health?Public health is characterized as the science of defending the security and enhancing the health of communities through instruction, the development of public policies, and investigation into the prevention of illness and harm. For each person, the term "public health" has a different meaning.
Therefore, a medical disease that substantially impacts a particular group qualifies as a public health problem.
Which three objectives define public health?The World Health Organization (WHO) states that the purpose of public health is to prevent illness, improve health, and extend life for the entire community.
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The most noticeable difference between human brains and other mammalian brains is the size of the:______
The most noticeable difference between human brains and other mammalian brains is the size of the Association areas
What is brain ?The brain is a sophisticated organ that manages every bodily function as well as thought, memory, emotion, touch, motor skills, vision, respiration, temperature, and hunger. The central nervous system, or CNS, is made up of the spinal cord that emerges from the brain.
The frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes are the traditional divisions for each hemisphere.The ultimate achievement of biological evolution, the human brain serves as the control centre for the nervous system and facilitates ideas, memory, movement, and emotions through a complicated function.Learn more about Brain here:
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Some of the functions of the eukaryotic organelles are performed in bacteria by the:_____.
Some of the functions of the eukaryotic organelles are performed in bacteria by the Cell Wall.
Cell Wall- The often rigid, non-living, porous wall that protects the plasma membrane, encloses and supports the cells of the majority of plants, bacteria, fungus, and algae, and is usually non-living.
Eukaryotic Organism- Every creature or cell with an identifiable nucleus. The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, which houses the very well chromosomes (bodies holding the genetic material), is surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
Chromosome- A component that can be found in a cell's nucleus. Proteins and DNA are arranged into genes on a chromosome. There are typically 23 pairs of chromosomes in each cell.
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The protein found in large amounts in the superficial layer of epidermal cells is keratin. (t/f)
False. The protein found in large amounts in the superficial layer of epidermal cells is Collagen.
The collagen present in the outermost layer of the skin provides strength and resilience.
It also provides elasticity to the overall skin structure, regulates body temperature, and protects the outer layer from harsh environmental conditions.
If there is any problem with the skin due to a wound or any other issue, it helps to reproduce cells and regain shape.
It is a tough and insoluble protein made up of fibroblasts.
It is essential for human survival and without it, the skin will be completely damaged.
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Which branch of musicology primarily studies changes in western art music over time?
Historical musicology changes in western art music over time.
What is Musicology?
The academic analysis and research-based study of music is known as musicology. Although some music research has a scientific bent, musicology departments traditionally belong to the humanities (psychological, sociological, acoustical, neurological, computational). The social sciences are also academically interested in musicology because some anthropologists and geographers are interested in it. A musicologist is a researcher who works on musical topics. Historical musicology, systematic musicology, and ethnomusicology are the three primary subfields of musicology. Historical musicologists often concentrate on the history of the western classical music tradition, though the study of music history need not be limited to that.Learn more about the Musicology with the help of the given link:
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A nerve cell releases chemical messengers to trigger changes in a nearby muscle cell. this is example of a core principle known as feedback loops.
a. true
b. false
The answer is true. The nerve cell is the primary unit of communication in the neurological system (neuron). The cell body, a primary branching fiber (axon), and numerous smaller branching fibers comprise each nerve cell (dendrites). Nerve cells (neurones) are 'excitable' cells that may convert a range of stimuli into electrical impulses, continuously delivering information about the external
The internal environment to the central nervous system (in the form of sequences of action potentials) (CNS). Except for sponges and placozoa, the neuron is the primary component of neural tissue in all animals. Plants and fungi, for example, lack nerve cells.
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______ are threadlike structures made up of strands of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna).
According to the research, the correct option is Chromosomes. Chromosomes are threadlike structures made up of strands of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna).
What are Chromosomes?They are filaments or condensed rings of deoxyribonucleic acid that store a large part of the genetic information and appear in a constant number in the cells of each plant or animal species.
In this sense, it is a condensed threadlike structure of DNA featuring the same genes located at the same sites (known as loci).
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct option is Chromosomes. Chromosomes are threadlike structures made up of strands of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna).
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Ketone bodies are produced due to ________.
a. excessive fat breakdown
b. excessive protein breakdown
c. excessive carbohydrate breakdown
d. all of the choices are correct.
Ketone bodies are produced due to excessive fat breakdown.
The liver produces ketones, also known as ketones, as part of gluconeogenesis, a process that produces glucose during fasting and starvation. The liver creates three different ketone bodies. They are acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone. When blood glucose levels are low, as they are when fasting, the liver cells' mitochondria, which are where ketone bodies are mostly formed, can start to synthesize ketone bodies. They are produced in the liver as a result of lipid metabolism.
When the body's needs for fuel are not met by the availability of sugar or glucose, ketones are produced. This happens while dieting or fasting and overnight. While glucagon and epinephrine levels are largely normal at these times, insulin levels are low.
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A farmer growing corn must water the corn crop regularly due to
carrying capacity
natural selection
interspecific competition
intraspecific competition
A farmer who is growing corn crops will need to water his crops regularly due to intraspecific competition.
What is Intraspecific competition?Intraspecific competition refers to the competition that occurs among the members of the same species for common resources. It increases in populations at higher densities. Intraspecific diversity is the variation within a population from the same species. This competition leads to reduction in fitness for both individuals, but the more fit individual survives and is able to reproduce.
The corn compete with each other for water, and therefore, the farmer needs to water them regularly to meet their water requirement.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
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Will there be a greater difference between the genome or the proteome between these two cells?
Answer:
A proteome comprises the entire map that includes all the proteins which will result from just a single gene, but a genome simply consists of genes that encode for proteins. As a result, there will be a significant size difference between the two. For instance, the genome of a skin cell is identical to the genome of another somatic cell, yet the proteome of a kidney cell comprises proteins such as angiotensin, tomm-Horsfall protein, etcetera. The proteome of the kidney cells is several times greater than that of the genome of skin cells, and each of these proteins might well have descended from a single gene.
If you're simply interested in the genome, keep in mind that somatic cell genomes are identical, however a proteome constantly varies depending on the cell type.
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What was the origin of all chloroplasts? a single cyanobacterium a single green alga a group of green algae a group of cyanobacteria
A single cyanobacterium was the origin of all chloroplasts.
What is chloroplast?A membrane-bound organelle called a plastid, or chloroplast, is a kind that primarily facilitates photosynthesis in plant and algal cells.While releasing oxygen from water in the cells, the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll absorbs energy from sunlight, transforms it, and stores it in the energy-storage molecules ATP and NADPH.The Calvin cycle is the mechanism by which organic molecules are produced from carbon dioxide using ATP and NADPH.Other tasks performed by chloroplasts include the creation of fatty acids, a significant amount of amino acids, and the immunological response in plants.In unicellular algae, there are just one chloroplast per cell; in plants like Arabidopsis and wheat, there are up to 100.To learn more about chloroplast, refer to the following link:
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Which of the following properties of water is not a result of hydrogen bonding?
a. lower density of ice compared to liquid water
b. ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in water molecules
c. ability to dissolve many substances
d. cohesion
The term that means spread of disease from one part of the body to another is:_______
a. contagion.
b. carcinoma.
c. metastasis.
d. benign.
e. pathology.
The term that means spread of disease from one part of the body to another is metastasis. Metastasis. Cancer cells spread from where they first developed (primary cancer) through the blood or lymph system to produce new tumours (metastatic tumours) in distant areas of the body during metastasis.
The initial tumour and the metastatic tumour are both cancers. Metastatic cancer is cancer that spreads from the site of origin to a distant portion of the body. It is also known as stage IV (4) cancer for several types of cancer. Metastasis is the process through which cancer cells spread to different areas of the body.
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Genes inherited from biological parents, height and weight gains, advances in motor skills, and hormonal changes of puberty reflect ______ processes.
Genes inherited from biological parents, height and weight gains, advances in motor skills, and hormonal changes of puberty reflect biological processes.
These are changes in an individual's thinking, intelligence, and language.Biological methods produce adjustments in an individual's bodily nature. and weight gains, adjustments in motor skills, the hormonal adjustments of puberty, and cardiovascular decline are all examples of organic methods that have an effect on development.
Genes inherited from parents, weight gain, cardiovascular decline, hormonal modifications of puberty, and mind development.
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Linking amino acid monomers together to form a polymer requires the formation of which type of bond?.
Linking amino acid monomers together to form a polymer requires the formation of peptide bond.
Amino acids are the molecules that are necessary to form proteins inside the body. Various amino acid also acts as hormones or signaling molecules. The basic structure of all the amino acids contains a hydrogen atom, a variable R group, an amino group and a carboxylic group attached to the same carbon called the alpha-carbon.
Peptide bond is formed by the reaction between the carboxylic group of one amino acid and the amino group of another. It is a dehydration reaction as a water molecule is released when the bond is formed.
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Following a hysterectomy, ovaries tend to be located more ________ and directly superior to the _______________
medially, Vaginal cuff
Following a hysterectomy, ovaries tend to be located more medially and directly superior to the vaginal cuff.
What is hysterectomy?The womb is surgically removed during a hysterectomy (uterus). After the procedure, you won't be able to become pregnant again. No of your age, if you haven't previously experienced the menopause, you won't have periods anymore.What three forms of hysterectomy are there?The procedure can be carried out through your vagina, three to four tiny incisions in your abdomen, or an incision in your lower abdomen (abdominal hysterectomy) (vaginal hysterectomy).What drawbacks come with having a hysterectomy?Hemorrhage, intestinal injury, bladder injury, pulmonary embolism, severe anesthetic reactions, wound dehiscence, and hematoma are examples of major consequences. Additionally, blood transfusions are necessary for 10% to 15% of women who have hysterectomy procedures.To learn more about hysterectomy visit:
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Which enzyme works best in neutral conditions?
Pepsin purpose at the lowest pH. Pepsin is an enzyme that works in the stomach to digest proteins from foods we consume.
Which enzyme works best at neutral pH?Pepsin has a best of pH 2.5 and a working range between pH 1-4. Catalase has an optimum pH of 9 and a working range of linking pH 7-11. Most other enzymes function within an employed pH range of about pH 5-9 with neutral pH 7 being the optimum.
Enzymes are affected by a swap in pH. The most favorable pH value - the point where the enzyme is most active - is known as the optimum pH.
So we can conclude that pepsin works in highly acidic state of the stomach. Its enzyme has an optimum pH of about 1.5.
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