figure 1 shows a drop in the first ionization energy as a function of the valence, or outermost, electrons from beryllium to boron. which of the following best explains the source of this drop?

(a) The  independent variable is the amount of sun and the dependent variable is the plant growth.

(b) the hypothesis is to determine the effect of amount of sun to the growth of plant.

An independent variable is the variable you manipulate or vary in an experimental study to explore its effects. In other words they are the change variables.

In this experiment the independent variable is the amount of sun received by the plant.

The dependent variable or measured variable is the plant growth.

Thus, the hypothesis will be, " to determine the effect of amount of sun to the growth of plant.

Learn more about independent and dependent variables here: https://brainly.com/question/25223322

#SPJ1

To design an approximate voltage source from a current source, we can use Ohm's law. The short-circuit current IN = infinity and parallel resistance RN = R.

The open-circuit voltage should be 5.0 volts, so we can calculate the resistance needed to maintain that voltage as: R = V / I, where V is the open-circuit voltage, I is the current, and R is the resistance. The resistance should be no lower than 4.9 volts when a 100 load is attached, so the current through the resistance should be: I = V / R = 4.9 / R. To determine the short-circuit current IN, we can set the resistance to zero, resulting in IN = 5.0 / 0 = infinity. The parallel resistance RN can be calculated as: RN = R || (1 / (1 / 100) + 1 / R) = R.

Learn more about Ohm's law:

brainly.com/question/1247379

#SPJ4

Answer: Answers are below.

Explanation: The box to the left is a footwall, the middle box is the fault plane, and the box to the right is a hanging wall. Blocks that lie above a fault plane are called a hanging wall and blocks that lie below a fault plane are called a footwall.

Let me know if this is right! :)

So, using the transformer's turns ratio, we can calculate the output voltage at the secondary winding.

A transformer is an electrical device that transfers energy from one electric circuit to another by using the principle of electromagnetic induction. It is intended to either raise or reduce the AC voltage between the circuits while preserving the current frequency.

Here,

Assuming an ideal transformer, the output voltage at the secondary winding of the transformer can be determined using the turns ratio of the transformer. If the turns ratio is N2/N1, then the output voltage at the secondary winding is given by:

V2 = (N2/N1) * V1

Where V1 is the input voltage at the primary winding and V2 is the output voltage at the secondary winding.

Given that the input voltage is a 10-volt peak-to-peak sinusoidal signal with a frequency of 1kHz, the RMS value of the input voltage can be calculated as:

V1_RMS = (10/√2) / 2 = 3.5355 volts

So, using the turns ratio of the transformer, we can determine the output voltage at the secondary winding.

To know more about transformer,

https://brainly.com/question/1674819

#SPJ4

The change in velocity during the 3.0-s interval from 1.5 s before the highest point to 1.5 s after the highest point is 0.00 m/s. This is because velocity is a vector quantity, so it does not change if the direction of motion remains the same.

To calculate the change in velocity during the 3.0-second interval from 1.5 seconds before the highest point to 1.5 seconds after the highest point, you will first need to calculate the velocity at the 1.5 seconds before the highest point and then calculate the velocity at 1.5 seconds after the highest point.

Then, subtract the two velocities to get the change in velocity. As velocity is a vector quantity, the change in velocity will be 0 if the direction of motion remains the same.

Learn more about velocity

https://brainly.com/question/80295?source=archive

#SPJ4

Th expression for the radius of the loop to have minimum speed of 2Vmin of the roller coaster is 4r = R, where R is the new radius.

The roller coaster has a radius of r, here the roller coaster has to compete one complete loop of the ride, the minimum speed with which the roller coaster should should reach the top to achieve this target without losing the contact with the surface is,

Vmin = √rg

Where,

r is the radius of the roller coaster,

g is the acceleration due to gravity of that area.

Now, if the roller coaster want to have a speed of 2Vmin, then the radius should be,

Let us the Radius here is R,

So,

2Vmin = √Rg

Putting the value of Vmin,

2√rg = √Rg

Squaring both sides,

4rg = Rg

4r = R

So, for the speed of 2Vmin, the expression for radius of the roller coaster should be R = 4r.

To know more about circular motion, visit,

https://brainly.com/question/106339#:~:text=Expert%2DVerified%20Answer&text=Circular%20motion%20is%20what%20an,path%20that%20is%20a%20circle.

#SPJ4

The following list is the correct statement about the astronomer's scale of the brightness of stars and other objects based on the magnitude system:

In astronomy, magnitude is a unit used to describe how luminous a star or other celestial body is. The magnitude attributed to an object decreases as it becomes brighter. The brightest stars were found in the first magnitude class, which had six classes of magnitude. The scale of absolute magnitude. The brightness of an object is simply measured in terms of its absolute magnitude at a standard distance of 10 parsecs (32.6 light-years).

Learn more about astronomer's scale here: https://brainly.com/question/2141924

#SPJ4

The distance travelled by the truck is  100 meter.

The  average velocity of the truck  is 10 m/s.

Acceleration is rate of change of velocity with time. Due to having both direction and magnitude, it is a vector quantity. Si unit of acceleration is meter/second² (m/s²).

Initial speed of the truck is = 0 m/s.

Acceleration of the truck = 2.0 m/s²

Final speed of the truck is = 20 m/s.

Hence, distance travelled by the truck is = (20)²/(2×2) meter = 100 meter.

And the average velocity of the truck  is = (0 + 20)/2 m/s = 10 m/s.

Learn more about acceleration here:

brainly.com/question/12550364

#SPJ1

The mass of the chain in two decimal places is 2.55 kg.

The tension at the end of the chain is due to the weight of the weight supported by the chain.

The mass of the chain is calculated by applying Newton's second law of motion as follows;

W = mg

where

m is the mass of the chain

g is acceleration due to gravity

m = W/g

The mass of the chain is calculated as;

m = (25 N)/(9.8 m/s²) m = 2.55 kg

Hence, mass of the chain in two decimal places is 2.55 kg

Learn more about Mass here:

https://brainly.com/question/19385703

#SPJ4

The tension in the cord is 5.11 N.

Given the information, we can calculate the wave speed by using the formula

wave speed = distance/time. In this case, the distance is 7.3 m and the time is 0.83 s, so we have:

wave speed = 7.3 m / 0.83 s = 8.77 m/s

Next, we can use this wave speed to calculate the wave frequency using the formula

wave frequency = wave speed/wavelength. The wavelength can be determined by considering the tension in the cord, which acts to restore it to its original length. The tension can be calculated using the formula

tension = (mass/length) x acceleration, where the acceleration is the acceleration due to gravity [tex](9.8 m/s^2)[/tex]. Therefore, we have:

tension =[tex](0.49 kg / 7.3 m)\times 9.8 m/s^2[/tex]= 5.11 N

Complete question:

A 0.49-kg cord is stretched between two supports,7.3m apart. When one support is struck by a hammer, a transverse wave travels down the cord and reaches the other support in 0.83s .What is the tension in the cord? (Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units)

Read more about Tension:

https://brainly.com/question/24994188

#SPJ4

This standing wave has a wavelength of 43,200 seconds.

A seiche is a long-lasting standing wave that oscillates through a body of water, such as a lake or bay (pronounced "saysh"). The water level in a lake rises quickly at one end while falling at the other due to changes in atmospheric pressure or strong sustained winds from one direction.

A seiche is a standing wave that moves in a manner like to a seesaw, with the strongest vertical oscillations occurring at the ends of a body of water and relatively tiny oscillations at the wave's "node," or center.

To know more about wavelength visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/13533093

#SPJ4

Question:

Lake Erie is prone to remarkable seiches-standing waves that slosh water back and forth in the lake basin from the west end at Toledo to the east end at Buffalo. (Figure 1) shows smoothed data for the displacement from normal water levels along the lake at the high point of one particular seiche. 3 hours later the water was at normal levels throughout the basin; 6 hours later the water was high in Toledo and low in Buffalo.

What is the wavelength of this standing wave?

The power that have been developed is  250 W.

We have to note that when we talk about the power we mean the rate at which work can be done as such we can be able to say that the power is the timed rate of doing work in the context that we have in this question here.

We have to know that the power is the rate at which the work is done thus;

Work done = Force * distance = 500 N * 5 m = 2500 J

Power developed = Work done /Time

= 2500J/10 s

= 250 W

This is the power that is developed.

Learn more about work done:https://brainly.com/question/13662169

#SPJ1

The average power developed by the girl is 250 W.

In physics, power is described as the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time.

We know that Power = Work done / Time taken

and

Work done = Force x Distance x cos(theta)

where,

Force = 500 N (weight of the girl)

Distance = 5m (vertical height of the stairs)

theta = 90 degrees (vertical direction)

Substituting the\ values in the formula, we have that

Work done = 500 x 5 x cos(90) = 2500 J (Joules)

Substituting the values of Work done and Time taken and we that

Power = 2500 J / 10 s = 250 (Watts)

Learn more about power at: https://brainly.com/question/1634438

#SPJ1

The acceleration of the child is 2.213m/s^2 and the force acting on the child is 35.408N

Given the child's initial velocity (u) = 0m/s

The mass of child (m) = 16kg

The height of slide (h) = 3.8m

The speed of child at the bottom of slide (v) = 2.9m/s

The following formula is used to determine the child's downward acceleration while there is no friction:

a = v^2/2s

where v is the final velocity (2.9 m/s), an is the acceleration, and s is the distance (3.8 m).

So, a = 2.9 x 2.9/2 x 3.8 = 2.213m/s^2

The force acting on the child = F = ma according to Newtons laws of motion such that:

F = 16 x 2.213 = 35.408N

To learn more about speed click here https://brainly.com/question/28224010

#SPJ4

Answer:

below

Explanation:

The change in Kinetic Energy is equal to the work done

  KE = 1/2 mv^2

      Change in KE =   1/2 m (19^2 - 3.2^2) = 747.1 kjoules

The torques can be the same if the force causes a turning through a larger distance for the steering wheel.

Torque is a measure of rotational force, or the force that causes an object to rotate about an axis or pivot point. It is typically represented as a vector quantity with units of Newton-meters (Nm) or pound-feet (lb-ft).

We know that the magnitude of the torque would have to do with the force and the distance that the force has turned and either of the values that we increase will increase the torque.

Learn more about Torque:https://brainly.com/question/25708791

#SPJ1

From the earth's surface, a ball is hurled upwards and an initial velocity of V 0. The drag force on the ball's motion is equal to m v 2 (where m is the ball's mass and v is its instantaneous speed).

How can I determine beginning velocity using motion equations?

Below are three beginning velocity estimates based on motion equations: if the values of time, acceleration, and velocity are given. The formula for the flow speed is u = v - at. We can use the formula u2 = v2 - 2as if final velocity, velocity, and distance are known. if the time, distance, and acceleration are known.

What kind of quantity is initial velocity?

A vector quantity, that is. The initial velocity's size corresponds to

To know more about  initial velocity visit:

https://brainly.com/question/12910124

#SPJ4

To determine the output voltages at each point in a R-2R ladder digital-to-analog converter (DAC), it is necessary to know the specific circuit configuration and input values. Without these details, it is not possible to accurately determine the output voltages at points A, B, C, and D.

The voltage emitted by a device, such as a voltage regulator or a generator, is referred to as the output voltage. Voltage regulators keep voltage levels steady. A fuel source, such as sunshine, coal, or nuclear energy, is used to power spinning turbines, which interact with magnets to create electricity. Because it is the voltage provided by a wall outlet, alternating current (AC) is also known as mains electricity, household current, domestic power, line power, or wall power. Worldwide, AC voltages range from 100 to 240 V. The rate of direction change is commonly 50 to 60 times per second and is indicated as Hertz (Hz) (Hz).

To know more about output voltage,

https://brainly.com/question/17188217

#SPJ4

The constructive interference pattern is formed when the sound waves overlap when they are initially in phase. The length needed to lift the top portion will be one meter, which is the wavelength of the waves.

When two waves interfere with one another, a new wave is produced that has a larger, smaller, or identical amplitude depending on where in space and time the interference occurs. Both constructive and destructive interference results from the interaction of waves that are coherent or correlated with one another, either because they come from the same source or because their frequencies are similar or nearly identical. The resultant wave will have a smaller amplitude than the separate waves when waves that are in phase collide.

To learn more about interference click here https://brainly.com/question/16098226

#SPJ4

complete question: 550 Hz sound is emitted from a megaphone into symmetrical tubes of one top path and one bottom path. The top and bottom paths are initially identical, but the top path can be lengthened. a. Why is the interference initially constructive? b. How far do you have to raise the top part of the tube to achieve destructive interference in m?

B. Effective values given for current or voltage in an AC circuit, otherwise specified.

Voltage, then, is the difference in electric potential between two places. Simply put, current is the rate at which electric charge flows. The pace at which electric charge moves through a circuit at a specific place is termed as the current, in simple terms. Volts is the SI unit for voltage (V).

The voltage and current on the wire alternate as it spins and periodically enters a various magnetic polarity. An AC circuit's voltage can rarely reverse because of this current's capacity to shift direction on a cyclical basis.

Learn more about current here:

brainly.com/question/11544001

#SPJ4

The molar heat of fusion of ice can be calculated by dividing the total heat absorbed during the phase change (melting of ice to water) by the number of moles of ice that were melted. The heat absorbed during the phase change is known as the enthalpy of fusion.

The equation for calculating the molar heat of fusion is:

ΔHfusion (kJ/mol) = q / n

where q is the heat absorbed during the phase change in joules, and n is the number of moles of ice that were melted.

For example, if the heat absorbed during the phase change is 500 J, and the number of moles of ice that were melted is 0.05 mol, then the molar heat of fusion would be:

ΔHfusion (kJ/mol) = 500 J / 0.05 mol = 10,000 J/mol = 10 kJ/mol

The molar heat of fusion of ice is typically around 6.01 kJ/mol. The exact value can vary slightly based on the temperature and pressure conditions during the phase change.

For such more question on enthalpy of fusion

https://brainly.com/question/28106280

#SPJ4

Pascal's law of fluid transfer states that when there is an increase in fluid pressure, the rest of the extrinsic variables also increases.

For example, in a flow of liquid in an orifice, there is a contraction of diameter in the orifice part. The fluid that will go in there increases in pressure and thereby an increase in velocity as well. As per Pascal's law of pressure transmission we know that pressure at a point has many direction, and hence a pressure change at any point in a confined fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere.

Learn more about Pascal’s law here

https://brainly.com/question/4262025

#SPJ4

The  equation describes the sum of the vectors plotted below is: [tex]\vec{r} = 4 \vec{x}+2 \vec{y}[/tex]

A physical quantity that has both directions and magnitude is referred to as a vector quantity.

A lowercase letter with a "hat" circumflex, such as "û," is used to denote a vector with a magnitude equal to one. This type of vector is known as a unit vector.

According to the final position of the vector as shown in the figure, The final x co-ordinate is 4 and  the final y co-ordinate is 2.

the  equation describes the sum of the vectors plotted below is: [tex]\vec{r} = 4 \vec{x}+2 \vec{y}[/tex]

Learn more about vector here:

https://brainly.com/question/24256726

#SPJ1

A Lewis structure that shows electrons were transferred (ionic) would be required for the following compound: A. Al2S3

The other compounds listed are covalent, meaning the electrons are shared between the atoms in the compound: NO2, CO2 and SF6.

Lewis structures are diagrams that show the distribution of electrons in a molecule or ion. They help visualize the electron distribution and bonding arrangements in a molecule. Covalent bonds, on the other hand, are bonds in which two atoms share electrons.

In a Lewis structure, the sharing of electrons between atoms is represented by a line or a pair of dots, whereas an ionic bond is represented by an arrow pointing from the electron-donating atom to the electron-accepting atom.

To know more about lewis, visit here:

https://brainly.com/question/15570523

#SPJ4

Using the law of cosines to get the magnitude of the vector, the magnitude of the vector sum d is 81.0 m.

A vector is a number or phenomena with two distinct properties: magnitude and direction. The word can also refer to a quantity's mathematical or geometrical representation. In nature, vectors include velocity, momentum, force, electromagnetic fields, and weight. In physics, a vector is a quantity that has both magnitude and direction. It is often represented by an arrow with the same direction as the amount and a length proportionate to the magnitude of the quantity. Vector quantities include displacement, acceleration, force, momentum, weight, the speed of light, a gravitational field, current, and so on.

Here,

We can use the law of cosines to find the magnitude of the vector sum (d):

d = √(a^2 + b^2 - 2ab cos θ)

where θ is the angle between vectors a and b.

The cosine of the angle between two vectors can be found using the dot product:

cos θ = (a•b) / (|a| |b|)

where |a| and |b| are the magnitudes of vectors a and b, respectively.

So, substituting the magnitudes and angles given in the problem, we get:

cos θ = (41.0 m * 70.0 m) / (41.0 m * 70.0 m) = 1

θ = 0, since cos 0 = 1

d = √(41.0 m^2 + 70.0 m^2 - 2 * 41.0 m * 70.0 m * cos θ)

d = √(41.0 m^2 + 70.0 m^2)

d = √(41.0^2 + 70.0^2) m = √(1681 + 4900) m = √6581 m = 81.0 m

So, the magnitude of the vector sum d is 81.0 m using  the law of cosines to find the magnitude of the vector.

To know more about vector,

https://brainly.com/question/18952092

#SPJ4

A reaction is to be carried out isothermally in a continuous-flow reactor. The entering volumetric flow rate v 0 is 10 dm³/h. For a constant volumetric flow rate, then the reactor volumes necessary to consume 99% of a reactant can be calculated for both the CSTR and PFR reactors.

Volumetric flow rate is a measure of the volume of a fluid that passes through a given area over a given period of time. It is usually expressed in liters per second (L/s) or cubic meters per second (m³/s). Volumetric flow rate is an important concept in fluid dynamics, and is used to calculate the speed and rate at which a fluid moves through a pipe, channel, or other enclosed space.

Volumetric flow rate can also be used to calculate the total amount of fluid that passes through a system over a given period of time, as well as the total volume of fluid that is present in a system at any given time.

Learn more about volumetric flow rate

https://brainly.com/question/26061120

#SPJ4

To calculate the size of the electric field, we can apply the equations E = k | Q | r 2. The signature of the charges, which is negativ in this instance, determines the direction in which the electric field.

The magnitude of the electromagnetic field can be easily determined by calculating the energy per charge on the test charge. The standard metric values for electrical field strength were derived from this concept. Since an electric field is defined as a force per charge, electric field numbers would have been force units divided by charge units.

In order to create highly rough comparisons, orders or magnitude are typically used. It is primarily used when notating scientific data. One is roughly 10 times greater than the other if two integers are separated with one order of magnitude. They vary by a number of around 100 if they are separated by two order of magnitude.

To know more about electric field visit:

https://brainly.com/question/15800304

#SPJ4

To electrically neutralise a disc with this charge, you would need to add electrons of a charge of +17 C.

An atom is said to be electrically neutral when its total charge is zero. Protons, which are positively charged, electrons, which are negatively charged, and neutrons, which are not positively or negatively charged, make up an atom.

The total charge in the disks

q1 + q2 = q

must be conserved before and after bringing them together.

Lets equate the sum of the initial charge with the sum of the final for the disk:

q1(i) + q2(i) = q1(f) + q2(f) = 2* (+8.5)μC

q1(i) + q2(i) = +17 μC

So, the initial charges must sum +17 μC.

Now, as there are no charges over +17 μC, this means that both charges must be positive.

As the only positive charges are μC and μD, this disk must be the ones we are looking for. And, as we can see, they sum 17 μC:

qC + qD = 5μC + 12μC = 17μC

To know more about electrons visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/9684097

#SPJ4

In response to questions (a) and (b), I will say that wave speed each component of the rope must help to sustain the rope's weight, and as a result, tension will tend to rise with height.

A wave's speed increases as a string's tension does, increasing the frequency (for a given length). By applying pressure in various locations, you may alter the string's length, the standing wave's wavelength, and consequently, its frequency.

If the rope does not expand, take note that the increase is linear. Thus, when height rises, the wave speed v= √ T/μ

To know more about wave speed visit:-

https://brainly.com/question/15356744

#SPJ4

Question:-

(a) If a long rope is hung from a ceiling and waves are sent up the rope from its lower end, why does the speed of the waves change as they ascend? (b) Does the speed of the ascending waves increase or decrease? Explain.

The reason why pushing the wall is not work is that the box is moving but the wall is not. option C

In physics, work is defined as the transfer of energy from one system to another as a result of a force acting over a distance. Work is a scalar quantity and is expressed in units of joules (J) or other units of energy.

In physics, work is considered to be positive when the force applied and the distance moved are in the same direction and negative when they are in opposite directions. Work is considered to be zero when the force applied is perpendicular to the direction of motion.

Learn more about work:https://brainly.com/question/18094932

#SPJ1

The mass of the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy is approximately 4.42 million times the mass of our Sun.

Kepler's third law can be written as follows:

T² = (4π² ÷ G × M) × R³

Where:

T = Orbital period of the star (in seconds)

G = Gravitational constant

M = Mass of the supermassive black hole (in kilograms)

R = Orbit radius of the star (in meters)

T = 473040000 seconds

R = 1000 × 149.6 × 1000 = 1.496 × 10¹⁴ meters

M = (T² × G) / (4π² × R³)

M = (473040000² × 6.67430 × 10¹¹) ÷ (4π² × (1.496 × 10¹⁴)³)

M = 4.42 × 10⁶ solar masses

So, the mass of the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy is approximately 4.42 million times the mass of our Sun.

To know more about the mass of the sun:

https://brainly.com/question/31458396

#SPJ12

The complete question is:

Most galaxies, including our own Milky Way, have supermassive black holes at their centers. Recently, astronomers were able to track one star, named S2, as it orbited the black hole at the center of our galaxy. The star's actual orbit is elliptical, but we'll model it as a circular orbit. S2 has a period of 15 years and an orbit radius of 1000 au, where 1 au = 1 astronomical unit is the distance of the earth from the sun.

What is the mass of the black hole? Give your answer as a multiple of Ms, where Ms is the solar mass, Ms = 2.0×10³⁰kg.