ethyl chloride, c2h5cl, is used as a local anesthetic. it works by cooling tissue as it vaporizes. the heat of vaporization is 26.4 kj/mol. how much heat could be removed by 60.0 g of ethyl chloride? question 1 options: a) 2.28 kj b) 1584 kj c) 1703 kj d) 24.6 kj

The volume of acetic acid with the molar mass and density of acetic acid are 60.1 g/mol and 1.049 g/ml = 5.729 L

The volume occupied by one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is known as the molar volume (Vm). By dividing the mass density (ρ) by the molar mass (M), it can be computed. One mole of any gas has a defined volume when it is at a particular temperature and pressure.

The equation:

Vm = M/ρ

Where,

Vm = molar volume (L)

M = molar mass (g/mol)

ρ = density (g/ml)

Hence,

The volume of acetic acid:

Vm = (60.1 g/mol) / (1.049 g/ml)

= 5.729 L

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The temperature of the gas is 285 K

Boyle's law is a fundamental law of physics that describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature. The law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume, such that if the volume of a gas increases, its pressure decreases, and vice versa. Mathematically, this relationship is expressed as:

P * V = k (constant)

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T1

P1V1T2 = P2V2T1

T2 = P2V2T1/P1V1

T2 =  675 * 940 * 273/760 * 800

T2 = 285 K

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The balanced chemical equation for epsom salt being heated to produce magnesium sulfate solid and water vapor is:

[tex]MgSO4*7H2O (s) -- > MgSO4 (s) + 7H2O (g)[/tex]

Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate, often known as epsomite, is a mineral with the chemical formula MgSO47H2O. Anhydrous salt plus water vapor plus hydrated salt. The molar ratio of salt to water can be calculated since many hydrates contain water in a stoichiometric amount. Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate crystals lose seven water molecules when they are gently heated, turning them into anhydrous magnesium sulphate. A single replacement occurs in this reaction. This is a single-replacement reaction because the general formula is met. The crystals of magnesium sulphate heptahydrate are typically needle-like and white, crystalline, or dazzling. It is easily soluble in water, more easily soluble in boiling water, and almost insoluble in alcohol.

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The volume will be 0.100 L when the pressure returns to 3.00 atm

A surface can experience pressure when another force is applied to it. It is often stated in terms of the pascal and may be quantified in terms of force per unit area (Pa).

Gravity, air, water, and other physical things may all produce pressure. A liquid or gas can be moved or its flow controlled by applying pressure. Additionally, it is employed in manufacturing, engineering, and other fields. The quantity of energy held in a system, such as in a pressure cooker, may be determined by measuring pressure.

Measurements of blood pressure and atmospheric pressure are two examples of how pressure is employed in medical and scientific applications.

This is due to the fact that a gas's volume and pressure are inversely related. As a result, the volume reduces as the pressure rises. In this instance, the starting pressure and volume were both 1 atm and 1 L. The volume must be reduced by half, to 0.100 L, because the pressure increased to 3.00 atm.

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The width of the molecule in scientific notation can be expressed as equal to 66 × [tex]10^{-9}[/tex] meters.

A physical chemist measures the width of a molecule = 66 nanometers.

1 nanometer = 0.000000001 meter.

This can be expressed under scientific notation as:

1nm = [tex]\frac{1}{100000000}[/tex] meters = [tex]10^{-9}[/tex]

Therefore, 66nm can be expressed in scientific notation as 66 ×[tex]10^{-9}[/tex] meters.

Using scientific notation, one can describe a given quantity as a number with the requisite number of significant digits for a specific level of accuracy, multiplied by 10 to the appropriate power, for example, 1.56 × [tex]10^{7}[/tex]. It is a way to convey extremely large or extremely small numbers in a more straightforward manner.

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Complete question is:

A physical chemist measures the width of a molecule. the width is 66nm. what is the width in meters? write your answer in scientific notation.

The same element's atoms called isotopes have variable quantities of neutrons, but identical numbers of protons and electrons.

The tiniest piece of something that cannot be destroyed chemically. The center of every atom is called the nucleus, and it is made up of protons and neutrons (particles with no charge). The nucleus is filled with electrons, which are negative particles.

Every atom's nucleus contains protons and neutrons, which are subatomic particles. The lone exception is hydrogen, which has a single proton in its nucleus. Neutrons are somewhat heavier than positively charged protons and have an electric charge that is neither positive nor negative.

We are informed that because these isotopes are neutral atoms, they will all have an identical number of protons and electrons. The same number of protons exist in all isotopes of the same element, so it stands to reason that there will also be an equal number of electrons in each of these isotopes.

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Alkenes are versatile synthetic precursors, because the pi bond of an alkene can generally function as either a strong base or a weak acid

Alkenes are hydrocarbons that have a carbon-carbon double bond.Olefin is commonly equated with alkene, which is any hydrocarbon having one or more double bonds.Internal and terminal monoalkenes are the two primary subcategories. Terminal alkenes, sometimes referred to as -olefins, are preferable[Reference required]However, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) suggests using the name "olefin" for the general class - cyclic or acyclic, with one or more double bonds - instead of "alkene" for acyclic hydrocarbons with just one double bond, alkadiene, alkatriene, etc., or polyene for acyclic hydrocarbons with two or more double bonds, cycloalkene, cycloalka.

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complete question:

Alkenes are versatile synthetic precursors, because the pi bond of an alkene can generally function as either a ____ or a ____:

a.Lewis acid; Lewis base

b.weak base; strong acid

c.strong base; weak acid

d.weak base; weak neucleophile

The pH of a solution is determined by the relative concentrations of the two components, with ammonia having a pKa of 9.25 and ammonium chloride having 9.24.

A solution's acidity or alkalinity is determined by its pH, which ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 representing neutrality. Acidic solutions have a pH under 7, while basic or alkaline solutions have a pH beyond 7.

The pH of a solution containing 0.20 M each of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and ammonia (NH3) depends on the ratio of the two substances' concentrations. Ammonium chloride has a pKa of 9.24 while ammonia has a pKa of 9.25. The pH of the solution will be determined by the relative concentrations of the two components. The component that is present in the highest concentration will have a pH that is the closest to its pKa. For instance, the pH of the solution would be closest to 9.25, the pKa of ammonia, if the relative quantities of ammonium chloride and ammonia are equal.

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An 8% solution of sulfuric acid was created by combining a 3% solution and an 18% solution of the acid.

In order to do that, 300g of 40% sulfuric acid solution and 200g of 25% sulfuric acid solution were combined. The amount of acid in the mixture must also be determined. This means that 34% of the mixture is acid, on average.

.18x+.03(15-x)=.08*15

.18x+.45-.03x=1.2

.15x=1.2-.45

.15x=.75

x=.75/.15

x=5 L of 18% solution is used.

15-5=10 L of 3% solution is used.

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While the theoretically weight percent or barium in BaCl22H2O is 56.2%, the actual mass percentage for barium inside the sample is 55.5%.

The use of barium sulfate aids in the diagnosis or discovery of issues with the oesophagus, stomach, and intestines. It is a contrast material for radiography. To make the various bodily components clearly visible, contrast chemicals are employed. Only a doctor or someone working closely with a doctor should administer this medication.

Actual mass % of Ba is calculated as follows:

0.844/1.52 x 100% = 55.5%

Ba's theoretical mass percent is  

= 137.33/244.26 times 100%, or

= 56.2%, of the molar mass of Ba in comparison to the molar mass of BaCl2.2H2O.

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Nuclei above the belt of stability can lower their neutron-to-proton ratio by beta emission.

What is difference between beta emission, gamma emission and alpha emission?

Alpha emission: A new element Y (daughter nucleus) with a mass number equal to (A-4) and an atomic number equal to is created when the nucleus of a radioactive element X with mass number A and atomic number Z emits a particle (Z-2). Atomic number Z thus drops by two units and mass number drops by four units as a result of the emission of an alpha particle.

Beta emission: The number of nucleons in the nucleus (protons and neutrons) remains constant during beta emission, however the number of neutrons is reduced by one and the number of protons is increased by one.

Gamma emission: When a gamma particle is emitted, the atomic number Z and mass number A of the nucleus remain unchanged.

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Correct question:

Nuclei above the belt of stability can lower their neutron-to-proton ratio by_____

A) gamma emission.

B) positron emission.

C) beta emission.

D) electron capture.

E) Any of the above processes will lower the neutron-to-proton ratio.

Large tides, called spring tides, are experienced in the Earth's oceans when the Moon is in position C A and C.

Large tides, also known as spring tides, are the highest and lowest tides experienced in the Earth's oceans. They occur when the gravitational forces of the Moon and Sun are aligned, either on the same side of the Earth or on opposite sides. This alignment results in a combined gravitational pull on the Earth's oceans, causing the tides to rise to their maximum height and then fall to their minimum height.

Spring tides occur twice a month, during the full moon and new moon phases, and they have a greater tidal range than the more common, intermediate tides known as neap tides. The height of the tides is affected by a number of factors, including the size and shape of the ocean basin, the depth of the water, and the coastlines and ocean currents.

It is important to note that the term "spring tide" has nothing to do with the season of spring, but rather is derived from the Old English word "springan," which means to "leap up."

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Answer:

When moving magnets together, the amount of potential energy is increasing and being stored in the magnetic field but when you let go the magnetic force causes the potential energy to convert into kinetic energy and move.Explanation:

Chemical digestion is the process of breakdown of large macronutrients into smaller molecules by enzyme-mediated hydrolysis.

Chemical digestion is the process by which large macronutrients are broken down into smaller molecules via enzyme-mediated hydrolysis. The hydrolysis of the C-N bond digests proteins and polypeptides. About 20% of the proteins are digested by stomach pepsin, with the remainder digested by pancreatic and small intestine enzymes.
Enzymatic hydrolysis is a process in which hydrolase-type enzymes use a water molecule to cleave a substrate into reaction products. For optimal activity, the reaction conditions (temperature, pH, etc.) are specific to each enzyme.
Hydrolases are a type of enzyme that commonly acts as a biochemical catalyst by using water to break a chemical bond, resulting in the division of a larger molecule into smaller molecules.

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H2S has a pressure of 0.368 atm, while NH3 has a pressure of 0.325 atm.

According to the query, the equilibrium partial pressure of NH3 and H2S has the values PNH3 and PH2S. The air is separated in accordance with the numerical equilibrium of the partial pressures of ammonia and hydrogen sulphate. The sum will be as follows:

According to ammonium bisulfite, the NH4HS(s)⇄NH3(g)+H2S(g) reacts with NH3 to produce hydrogen sulphide and ammonia (g)

This reaction will occur at 25°C if K's p-value is 0.120. NH3 has a partial pressure of 0.325 atm, while H2S has a partial pressure of 0.368 atm.

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0.150 M NaOH solution is mixed thoroughly with 50.0 ml of 0.200 M HCl solution. Then the volume of solution required to react with HCl is 100 ml.

The dilution process is a process carried out by mixing a solvent that is larger than the substance being dissolved. In principle, dilution only adds solvent, so that the number of moles of solute before dilution is the same as the number of moles of solute after dilution.

Formula:

                                     V₁ × M₁ = V₂ × M₂

Information:

M₁ = Molarity of the solution before dissolution/dilution

V₁ = Volume of solution before dissolution/dilution

M₂ = Molarity of the solution after dissolution/dilution

V₂ = Volume Molarity of the solution after dissolution/dilution

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H₂O(aq)

In the given question

[NaOH] = 0.150 M

  V HCl = 50.0 ml

    [HCl] = 0.200 M

0.1 M NaOH = 0.1 N

Required NaOH solution:

V₁ × M₁ = V₂ × M₂

V₁ × 0.1 M = 50.0 mL × 0.2.00 M

V₁ × 0.1 M = 10.00 ml.M

            V₁ = 10.00 ml.M/0.1 M

            V₁ = 100 ml

So, the NaOH solution is 100 ml.

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a. The amount of substance remaining as a function of time t can be described by the exponential decay equation:

A(t) = A0 * 0.5^(t/T),

where A(t) is the amount of substance remaining at time t, A0 is the initial amount of substance (9 grams in this case), T is the half-life of the substance (24 hours), and 0.5^(t/T) represents the fraction of the initial amount remaining at time t.

So, the amount of substance remaining at time t can be expressed as:

A(t) = 9 * 0.5^(t/24)

b. To find when there will be 1 gram remaining, we can set A(t) = 1 and solve for t:

1 = 9 * 0.5^(t/24)

0.111 = 0.5^(t/24)

t/24 = log(0.111)/log(0.5)

t = 24 * log(0.111)/log(0.5)

Using a calculator, we can approximate t to be approximately 77.2 hours. So, after 77.2 hours, there will be 1 gram of the substance remaining.

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It is necessary to balance chemical equations so as to ensure that law of conservation of mass is obeyed.

Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.

A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .

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The ions formed when MgI2 dissociates in water are Mg2+ and I− ions. Due to their great water solubility, these salts are typical ionic halides.

Iodine anion I2+ and magnesium cation Mg2+ interact structurally. It exists in anhydrous form with a hexagonal crystal structure, hexahydrate form with a monoclinic structure, and octahydrate form with an orthorhombic structure.

When magnesium iodide is dissolved in water, it totally dissociates to form magnesium cations and iodide anions in the aqueous solution.

The Mg2+ ion contains 10 electrons. A magnesium atom that is neutral would have 12 electrons to counteract the positive charge of the atom's 12 protons. An ion must possess more protons than electrons in order to be positively charged.

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Changing the volume of the reaction container for a reaction involving gases, changing the temperature of the system, and changing the concentrations of reactants or products can all disturb a chemical equilibrium.

Additionally, using a larger container for a reaction in aqueous solution can also cause a shift in the equilibrium.

Chemical equilibrium is a state of balance reached between the forward and reverse reactions in a chemical system. In a chemical equilibrium, the rate of the forward and reverse reactions is equal, and the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant. This is because the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction, and the system is in a state of dynamic balance.

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The consequence of adding one solution to a solvents affects a system provides freezing point throughout the reverse directions that it affects its boiling point.

The final temperature is the specific temperature at which a liquids transforms into a solid. The melting temperature term refers to a changing argument, just like the annealing temperature term does.

Due to the salty in ocean, it freezes at a lower temperature than fresh water—approximately 28.4 degrees Fahrenheit. Nonetheless, considering that only the watery part of freshwater freeze, very little salt is present in the ice when it is formed.

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The correct option is C. occurs in substances that are mostly solids at normal temperature and pressure.

A covalent bond is a chemical bond that entails the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms. these electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs. The strong stability of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, after they share electrons, is referred to as covalent bonding.

A covalent bond consists of the mutual sharing of 1 or greater pairs of electrons between atoms. those electrons are concurrently attracted through the two atomic nuclei. Covalent bond paperwork is when the distinction among the electronegativities of atoms is simply too small for an electron switch to occur to shape ions. Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. Electron pairs shared between atoms of identical or very comparable electronegativity represent a nonpolar covalent bond (e.g., H–H or C–H), while electrons shared among atoms of unequal electronegativity constitute a polar covalent bond (e.g., H–O).

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Complete Question:

Lonic Bond Covalent Bond A which of the following characteristics can be written only in space c? (5 points)

A). formed between positively and negatively charged ions.

B). occurs due to the sharing of electrons between two non-metal atoms.

C). occurs in substances that are mostly solids at normal temperature and pressure.

D). formed between an atom with very high electronegativity and an atom with very low electronegativity.

Answer:

The correct answer is B). occurs due to the sharing of electrons between two non-metal atoms.

Explanation:

OoOoO

"Covalent bonds occur when two nonmetal atoms share electrons to achieve a stable configuration of the noble gases."-FLVS 2023 lesson ;)

The world's largest uphill water ride. The water park, NRH2O in Texas, boasts a slide that has the distinction of being the world's largest uphill water ride.

This means that the slide has been designed in such a way that it provides a unique and thrilling experience to water park-goers by allowing them to travel uphill on their raft or inner tube. This type of ride is rare and provides a different type of experience compared to traditional water slides that follow a downhill slope. NRH2O in Texas is one of the top contenders for a water park adventure and is a must-visit destination for those who are looking for an exciting and unique water ride experience.

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Complete question:

If your new destination list needs a water park adventure, we gathered the top contenders in the world for your consideration. NRH2O in Texas brought us a slide that enjoys the badge of being _____________

The number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an  element’s atomic mass: mass number = protons + neutrons.

Atoms of each element contain a characteristic number of protons. In fact, the number of protons determines what atom we are looking at (e.g., all atoms with six protons are carbon atoms); the number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number. In contrast, the number of neutrons for a given element can vary. Forms of the same atom that differ only in their number of neutrons are called isotopes. Together, the number of protons and the number of neutrons determine an element’s mass number: mass number = protons + neutrons. If you want to calculate how many neutrons an atom has, you can simply subtract the number of protons, or atomic number, from the mass number. A property closely related to an atom’s mass number is its atomic mass. The atomic mass of a single atom is simply its total mass and is typically expressed in atomic mass units or amu. By definition, an atom of carbon with six neutrons, carbon-12, has an atomic mass of 12 amu. Other atoms don’t generally have round-number atomic masses for reasons that are a little beyond the scope of this article. In general, though, an atom's atomic mass will be very close to its mass number, but will have some deviation in the decimal places. Since an element’s isotopes have different atomic masses, scientists may also determine the relative atomic mass—sometimes called the atomic weight—for an element. The relative atomic mass is an average of the atomic masses of all the different isotopes in a sample, with each isotope's contribution to the average determined by how big a fraction of the sample it makes up. The relative atomic masses given in periodic table entries—like the one for hydrogen, below—are calculated for all the naturally occurring isotopes of each element, weighted by the abundance of those isotopes on earth. Extraterrestrial objects, like asteroids or meteors, might have very different isotope abundances.

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In order to prepare a 1.5 percent by mass solution, 28.2 g of magnesium chloride requires 1851.8 g of water.

1.5 % by mass, means 1.5 g of solute in 100 g of solution.  

So, 98.5 g of water was added to prepare 1.5 % solution.      

28.2 g of Magnesium Chloride will use

28.2 × 98.5 ÷ 1.5 = 1851.8 g

Magnesium chloride:

Low levels of magnesium in the blood can be prevented and treated with the use of this medicine, a mineral supplement. Some brands are also used to treat symptoms of excess stomach acid, including indigestion, heartburn, and stomach upset.

Men, women, children, and pregnant women can all use magnesium chloride without any ill effects.

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The common things in all gases are temperature, average kinetic energy, and average velocity. The different thing about gases is their masses.

A gas's temperature directly relates to the average kinetic energy of its particles. The particles must travel more quickly as the gas warms since their mass is constant.

The average kinetic energy of a substance's particles is directly inversely correlated with its temperature. As the temperature rises, the particles must move more quickly because their mass is constant.

When a substance transitions from a solid to a liquid to a gas state, attractive forces do not become weaker; rather, the particles' increased kinetic energy, which denotes a higher rate of motion, enables them to defeat the forces.

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We would need six moles of magnesium hydroxide in the reaction.

We must note that the reaction that we want to deal with here is a neutralization reaction and the reaction would involve the combination of the hydrochloric acid and the magnesium hydroxide molecule.

The equation of the reaction is something like this;

2HCl + Mg(OH)2 ----> MgCl2 + 2H2O

We have from the balanced reaction equation;

1 mole of magnesium hydroxide would yeild 2 moles of water

x moles of magnesium hydroxide would yeild 12 moles of water

x = 1 * 12/2

= 6 moles

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The amount of A within the Arrhenius equation takes into account that both collision frequency as well as molecule orientation.

For this many chemical and biological reactions, the relationship between event speed and temperature is described by the Arrhenius equation. Such expression can be written as [9]: (6.10), while k is the rate of kinetic reaction, k0 is the equilibrium concentration, E is the angular frequency, R is the universal recurring theme, and the absolute temperature is T.

To predict how a shift in the temperature would affect the rate constant and, in turn, total rate of the reaction, utilize the Arrhenius equation. The rate of the reaction is determined using the Formula. It is an important component of chemical kinetics.

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Atoms of an unmarried element can have special loads' which isn't always found in postulates of Dalton's atomic theory.

i). Atoms of a given element are identical in length, mass, and other homes. Atoms of various factors range in size, mass, and other houses.

ii). Atoms are indivisible and indestructible. All atoms of a given detail are the same in mass and home.

iii). Atoms combine inside the ratio of small complete numbers to form compounds. The relative variety and types of atoms are steady in a given compound.

Dalton’s atomic idea was a systematic principle on the nature of count numbers put forward by the English physicist and chemist John Dalton in the year 1808. It said that everyone is counted changed into made of small, indivisible debris known as ‘atoms’.

All materials, in step with Dalton’s atomic idea, are made of atoms, which can be indivisible and indestructible constructing devices. even as a detail’s atoms were all equal in size and mass, numerous factors possessed atoms of various sizes and masses. Atoms of different factors can combine with every other in fixed complete-number ratios that allow you to form compounds. All atoms of a selected element are equal in mass, size, and different houses. but, atoms of various elements showcase extraordinary homes and vary in mass and length.

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Answer:

0.8 m of nacl

Explanation:

Using the dilution formula m1 v1 = m2 v2 and substation we get .20(4)=m2(1) and after solving for m2 via algebra we get .08 m of nacl