Dr. chu studies the environmental influences on gene expression by studying identical twins that have been reared apart. Dr. Chu's field of study is called epigenetics.
Gene expression is the process from which the functional proteins are made from a gene by the processes of transcription and translation. First m-RNA is formed from the DNA and the it is translated to form the protein. All the proteins formed inside the body are a result of gene expression.
Epigenetics is the study of reversible changes in the gene. These changes are not inherited to the further generations. The environmental factors are the major reason for thee changes. The changes could be methylation, acetylation, etc.
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Which inclusion body allows for storage of excess carbon and can be considered a bacterial version of fat?
Polyhydroxbutyrate is the inclusion body allows for storage of excess carbon and can be considered a bacterial version of fat
What is inclusion body ?Bacteria contain aggregated protein fragments called inclusion bodies. They are permeable but have a higher density than many other parts of the cell. In a bacterial or eukaryotic cell, they typically serve as sites of viral growth and are typically composed of viral capsid proteins.
The inclusion bodies function as containers. Glycogen is a kind of energy and carbohydrate storage.Aggregations of viral proteins and virus particles, such as those for the Cucumber mosaic virus, are examples of viral inclusion bodies in plants (like the cylindrical inclusions of potyviruses).Learn more about Inclusion bodies here:
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By definition, prokaryotic cells do not possess __________.
a) replication machinery.
b) ribosomes.
c) a nucleus.
d) membrane bilayers.
The correct option is (c) Nucleus.
By definition, prokaryotic cells do not possess nucleus.
Describe prokaryotic cell.Prokaryotic refers to a form of cell that lacks a true nucleus or organelles that are attached to membranes. Unlike bacteria and archaea, which are based on prokaryotic cells, all other forms of life are eukaryotic. On the other hand, prokaryotic organisms are incredibly common and make up a sizable fraction of the biomass on Earth. Prokaryotic cells are seen in organisms that have only one cell. The prokaryotic cell, which gives it the term "prokaryotes," possesses a variety of elements that allow it to function as a living entity. Prokaryotes are first covered by a cell membrane. They may design a specific environment for metabolic reactions within the cytosol with the aid of this membrane. Second, these cells have free DNA as well as ribosomes.
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The surface of the nucleus is bounded by two phospholipid bilayer membranes, collectively called the.
The surface of the nucleus is bounded by two phospholipid bilayer membranes, collectively called the nuclear envelope . The boundary of the nucleus is referred to as the nuclear envelope. It includes phospholipid bilayers: an outer membrane and an internal membrane. The nuclear membrane is non-stop with the endoplasmic reticulum.
The nuclear envelope, additionally referred to as the nuclear membrane, is made of lipid bilayer membranes that during eukaryotic cells surrounds the nucleus, which encloses the genetic material. The nuclear envelope includes lipid bilayer membranes: an internal nuclear membrane and an outer nuclear membrane.
The nuclear envelope has a complicated structure, inclusive of nuclear membranes, an underlying nuclear lamina, and nuclear pore complexes . The nucleus is surrounded with the aid of using a machine of concentric membranes, referred to as the internal and outer nuclear membranes.
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describe the advancement of cell technology by describing what scientists are currently working on (with regards to cells and medicine)
Answer:
science are still working on so many levels of institution like medical aspect
Explanation:
science are still working on so many levels of institution like cells and medicine
research has not been ended on finding cure to most in curable disease like;
1. cancer :oestosarcoma
2. virus
In the pentose phosphate pathway, which enzyme catalyzes the production of 6-phosphogluconolactone?
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
In the pentose phosphate pathway, Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the enzyme that catalyzes the production of 6-phosphogluconolactone.
What is the purpose of the G6PD enzyme?An enzyme called G6PD shields your red blood cells from potentially hazardous toxins. Deficiency develops when the G6PD enzyme's gene alters or mutates, rendering the enzyme incapable of defending red blood cells. Additionally, specific foods and drugs might cause G6PD insufficiency.What signs or symptoms indicate a G6PD deficiency?a quick heartbeat.respiration difficulty.urine that is dark or orange-yellow.fever.fatigue.dizziness.paleness.jaundice, also known as a yellowing of the skin and eye whites.Has G6PD an impact on behavior?The males with G6PD deficiencies displayed noticeably increased hyperkinesis, writing issues, aggressiveness, and a clear tendency toward mood swings. The youngsters with G6PD deficiencies also had a higher incidence of speech impairments.To learn more about Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) visit:
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Which chip contains the system bios and can hold data permanently, even without electricity?
Chip contains the system BIOS and can hold data permanently, even without electricity is the Flash rom chip.
Flash memory is an electrically erasable and reprogrammable non-volatile electronic computer memory storage medium. The NOR and NAND logic gates inspired the names of the two primary types of flash memory, NOR flash and NAND flash.
Consumer electronics, business systems, and industrial applications all frequently use flash memory for data storage and transfer. Regardless of whether a flash-equipped device is powered on or off, flash memory keeps data for a long time.
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Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce:_______
a. alzheimer's disease.
b. epileptic seizures.
c. neural plasticity.
d. reward deficiency syndrome.
Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce epileptic seizures.
Corpus callosum :The corpus callosum is a substantial mass of more than 200 million myelinated nerve fibers that links and permits communication between the two hemispheres of the brain. Children who have experienced abuse have abnormalities in their corpus callosum.
Effect of cutting a person's corpus callosum down the middleThe brain must coordinate motions with both sides since each hemisphere governs the opposite side of the body. The corpus callosum serves as a conduit for this coordination. Signals cannot cross the corpus callosum, preventing communication between the two hemispheres. Serious coordination issues could result from this.
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A hormone that has as its primary function the regulation of hormone secretion by another endocrine gland is classified functionally as a(n):__________
A hormone that has as its primary function the regulation of hormone secretion by another endocrine gland is classified functionally as a tropic. The endocrine system's glands create chemical messengers called hormones, which travel through the blood to various regions of the body.
The pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, and adrenal glands are all important endocrine glands. The endocrine system is comprised of various organs known as glands. Hormones are created and secreted (released) by these glands, which are situated throughout your body. Endocrine glands include the following: The adrenal glands are two glands located on top of the kidneys that produce the hormone cortisol.
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Which type of malware relies on lolbins?
a. pup
b. bot
c. file-based virus
d. fileless virus
Correct option d) fileless virus
Fileless viruses take gain of local offerings and methods which might be a part of the working machine (OS) to keep away from detection and perform its attacks, and those local offerings utilized in a fileless virus are referred to as living-off-the-land binaries.
LOLBins is the abbreviated time period for Living Off the Land Binaries. Living Off the Land Binaries are binaries of a non-malicious nature, neighborhood to the working machine, which have been utilized and exploited with the aid of using cyber criminals and crime agencies to camouflage their malicious pastime.
Fileless malware is a kind of malicious pastime that makes use of local, valid gear constructed right into a machine to execute a cyber attack. Unlike conventional malware, fileless malware does now no longer require an attacker to put in any code on a target's machine, making it tough to detect.
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51. how do the differences in amino acid sequences lead to different protein functions?
Different amino acid produce different proteins based on the bonds formed between them .
How does the sequence of amino acids affect the functions of protein ?Organic substances known as amino acids have both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. Although there are hundreds of different amino acids in nature, proteins, which are made up of alpha-amino acids, are by far the most common. In the genetic code, only 22 alpha amino acids are present.
The sequence of amino acid of a protein determines protein shape , since the chemical properties of each amino acids are forces that gives rise to intermolecular interaction to begin to create secondary structure .
Amino acids are monomers of protein. So , different amino acids produce different proteins based on the bonds formed between them.
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explain why a professional sports man often has a diet which contain plenty of protiens on most days
Answer:
youre my honey buch sugar pump pumpky umky yumkin you're my squisze pie
The _______ nervous system conveys signals from the body's sensory receptors to the central nervous system and transmits messages back to the muscles and glands.
Answer:
the answer is
Explanation:
the -peripheral- nervous system
Functional groups containing _____ and _____ atoms usually increase the polarity of a molecule.
Answer:
Functional groups containing Oxygen and Nitrogen atoms usually increase the polarity of a molecule.
Explanation:
Oxygen is one of the most important elements in the periodic table. Its atomic number 8 and atomic mass is 16. About 1772, a Swedish scientist named Carl Wilhelm Scheele made the discovery of oxygen. Some compounds like alcohol, water, carboxylic acids, ketones and many others contain oxygen which make them polar. Among all these compounds water is the most important oxygen containing compound.
The scientific name for nitrogen is N, and it is a flavorless and colorless element. The ground beneath our feet contains nitrogen, as does the water that we drink as well as the air we inhale. Atmosphere contains about 78% of Nitrogen. Nitrogen containing compounds are ammonia, nitric acid and many others. Both oxygen and nitrogen make a compound polar.
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Identify the number of cells that make up organisms.
a) at least 1000 one
b) one or more at least 100
The number of cells that make up organisms are one or more.
What is organism?
Any organic, living system that performs as a distinct individual unit is referred to as an organism in biology. All living things are made up of cells (cell theory). Taxonomy separates species into protists, bacteria, and archaea, which are unicellular microorganisms, or multicellular animals, plants, and fungi. All kinds of creatures are able to reproduce, grow and develop, maintain themselves, and respond to stimuli to some extent. A few examples of multicellular animals that distinguish specialized tissues and organs throughout development are beetles, squids, tetrapods, mushrooms, and vascular plants.
One cell is the bare minimum that living things can possess i.e the minimum number of cells required to form an organism is one.
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When do total lunar eclipses occur?(1 point) infrequently during the full moon infrequently during the full moon infrequently during the new moon infrequently during the new moon every month during the full moon every month during the full moon every month during the new moon
Lunar eclipses occur infrequently during the full moon. They do not occur during the new moon and do not occur every month.
Eclipses occur when the sun, moon and earth are perfectly aligned in a straight line. Depending on which body comes in the middle of the alignment, eclipse can be divided into solar and lunar eclipse.
A lunar eclipse occurs when the earth comes in between the sun and the moon in a straight line. Direct sunlight is blocked off by the earth, however, deflected light from the earth reaches the moon, giving it hues of red, brown and grey. It only occurs when the moon is at the lunar node (points where the moon crosses the earth's orbital plane). This rarely occurs because the orbital path of the moon around the earth is inclined at an angle of 5°, so it's not possible to see a lunar eclipse every month.
Lunar eclipse only happens when the moon is full because it is only during the full moon that the moon can be positioned behind the earth. One is more likely to see a solar eclipse during the new moon.
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Compare phasic and tonic contraction in smooth muscles. what tissues and organs are associated with each?
As for comparison, phasic smooth muscle displays rhythmic contractile activity and is associated with gastrointestinal and urogenital systems. While, tonic smooth muscle is continuously contracted and is associated with the large arteries and veins.
Biology routinely distinguishes between smooth muscle tissues that are "tonic" (producing a slow, sustained isometric contraction) and those that are "phasic" (generating a fast transient isometric contraction).
Smooth muscle is divided into tonic and phasic subtypes, but there are some significant functional differences between these muscle types.
The phasic smooth muscles function as unitary muscles, with action potentials spreading from cell to cell, resulting in coordinated phasic contraction, as seen in gut peristalsis.
While,
Tonic smooth muscle behaves as multiple independent units, or motor units, with graded changes in membrane potential of each unit, i.e., without action potential propagation, resulting in graded changes in force (tone).
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Carbon dioxide ________ oxygen unloading and ________ carbon dioxide transport.
a) decreases, improves
b) increases, improves
c) decreases, worsens
d) increases, worsens
Option B: Carbon dioxide increases oxygen unloading and oxygen unloading improves carbon dioxide transport.
During internal respiration or inspiration, we take up oxygen from the environment. While some of the carbon dioxides remain dissolved in the blood plasma, most of this gas continues to flow with the blood. Carbon dioxide here combines with water to form carbonic acid and combines with hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin. Carbonic acid thus dissociates into hydrogen and bicarbonate ions. Bicarbonate ions diffuse out of erythrocytes in exchange for chloride ions, referred to as chloride shift.
Hydrogen ions, dissociated from carbonic acid, bind with hemoglobin. This binding results in decreased affinity for oxygen. Oxygen gets dissociated from RBC and the tissues. Therefore, carbon dioxide increases oxygen unloading. In return, oxygen unloading improves carbon dioxide transport.
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After three months of training, during which he was able to lift increasingly heavier weights, abe’s arm and chest muscles became much larger. What happened to the fibers in these muscles?.
Muscle Hypertrophy is what causes the muscle to grow.
To follow Hypertrophy 'Muscle under Stress' is an important component while working out. It is directly proportional to the growth of muscles. These are three mechanisms for muscle growth.
Muscle Stress: In order to grow muscle, it should be kept under a lot of tension using weights and the tension should be more than the body is adapted to. This is a concept of Progressive Overloading your muscle.Muscle Damage: After working out, Muscle Fibres get torn up. This local muscle damage causes a release of inflammatory molecules and immune system cells that activate satellite cells to jump into action.Metabolic Stress: It causes the cells around the muscle to swell. This is from the addition of muscle glycogen which helps muscle and the connective tissue to get swollen up. It is often referred to as 'PUMP'.After Working out, due to tears in muscle fibers, the protein-synthesizing rate should be high which is absorbed by the muscle and causes to muscle fiber repair and grow.
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In people with schizophrenia, the amount of gray matter in the temporal and frontal cortexes is?
In people with schizophrenia, the amount of gray matter in the temporal and frontal cortexes is progressively reduced.
schizophrenia is a brain disorder when the ability of a person is reduced to think, feel, and behave clearly even in normal situations. it can be caused due to a variety of reasons including genetic, environmental factors.
It can cause social isolation, disorganized thoughts, aggression, and difficulty in concentration.
schizophrenia said to be associated with a reduced in the gray matter of the brain including the temporal and frontal cortex.
Grey matter is present is the outermost layer of the brain.
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Liam notices that his phone battery is depleting faster than he remembers it should. he suspects that running certain apps on his phone is using up his phone battery.
Yes, this could be the possible reason for the draining up of phone's battery faster than normal.
What is battery?
One or more electrochemical cells with external connections for powering electrical equipment make up an electric battery, which is a source of electric power. A battery's positive terminal serves as the cathode and its negative terminal serves as the anode when it is supplying electricity.
Numerous apps will undoubtedly take up a lot of storage on your cellphone. Let's say you have 60–70 apps, and 18–25 of them require routine synchronization for updates and notifications.
Therefore, even after you have closed all of the apps, they continue to run in the background to notify the feeds. Additionally, background updates use both data and battery.
Therefore, more apps mean more instances of background updating and running. And as a result, it will use battery power proportionally.
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If earth is a "Closed system" how does that shape the outcome of environmental problems
If earth is a closed system then we can't bring anything in or out.
A closed system is one in which only energy can be transported while no matter does, meaning that only energy can enter and exit the system while no matter does. Since it permits energy to enter and exit, the closed system can alternatively be said to be partially open.
An open system is one in which matter and energy are actually being transported or exchanged. Both matter and energy are able to enter and exit the system. In terms of the exchange of stuff, Earth is unquestionably a closed system, but it is an open system for the movement of energy. Therefore, under the said circumstances in terms of the outcome of environmental problems, we are unable to bring anything in or take anything out.
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The growing or farming of marine plants or animals under controlled conditions is called?
A mutation occurred in the gene that encodes the enzyme sucrase, resulting in a single amino acid substitution in the active site of the enzyme. A polar amino acid was changed to a nonpolar amino acid. What is a likely result of this mutation?.
Answer: Sucrase will not be able to bind sucrose in the active site.
Explanation:
Organic deposits are rarely found in areas of extreme wetness or extreme cold.
true/ false
The correct answer for this question is False
Microbial degradation is aggressively destroying important cultural and environmental records that have been stored in archaeological deposits for millennia across the Arctic. Because it is not practicable to examine the many sites in this distant corner of the planet, new approaches for detecting and assessing potential degradation are urgently needed.
Organic-rich sedimentary rock deposits are collectively referred to as fossil fuels because they are made up of undamaged organic tissue of plants and animals preserved in depositional environments with low levels of free oxygen. Fossil fuels are the primary energy sources in the industrial world, and their unequal distribution in time (exclusively Phanerozoic) and space (more than half of proven petroleum reserves are in the Persian Gulf region of the Middle East) has a significant impact on global political and economic stability.
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When the art of one age has so defined the characteristics of human beings that it can speak eloquently to another age, we call this ________.
When the art of one age has so defined the characteristics of human beings that it can speak eloquently to another age, we call this universal. The most numerous and ubiquitous species of primates, humans (Homo sapiens) are distinguished by their bipedalism and enormous, complex brains. This has made it possible for the advancement of culture, language, and tools.
Humans are highly social creatures who want to live in elaborate social systems made up of a variety of coexisting and conflicting groupings, ranging from families and kinship networks to political states. Human social interactions have produced a vast range of values, social conventions, and eloquently that support human society.
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Question 3 switch on your light source. make sure it is shining on to a wall. hold your largest plastic shopping bag square between the light source and the wall. what do you observe?
At first, we probably can't see a shadow when we place the object next to the flashlight and not directly into its path of light. But, once we place the object directly in the path, we should can see a shadow on the wall that had the same shape as the object.
What is shadow?
When an opaque item blocks light from a light source, it creates a shadow, which is a dark region. It spreads up into the entire three-dimensional space behind a light-emitting device. A shadow's cross section can be thought of as a backward projection of the item that is obstructing the light in 2-D.
We can't see a shadow when we place the object next to the flashlight and not directly into its path of light because light moves in a straight line, the object could not obstruct the light coming from its source because it was not in the direct path of the light. But, once we place the object directly in the path, we should can see a shadow on the wall that had the same shape as the object because the black shadow on the wall was produced when an opaque object was able to obstruct the light coming from the light source.
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Translate the term rhinitis as literally as possible? nasal inflammation sinus inflammation nasal pain sinus swelling
nasal inflammation, rhinitis is defined as an inflammation of the nasal passages.
What causes inflammation in the nose?Inflammation of the nose caused by irritating particles is known as a nasal allergy (dust, pollen, and dander). Sneezing, itchy eyes and nose, congestion, runny nose, and post nasal drip are all signs of a nasal allergy (mucus in the throat). Common cold symptoms might coexist with sinusitis and allergy symptoms.Can you treat nasal inflammation?In summary, chronic sinusitis is treatable, although it probably necessitates some kind of continuous medical plan or therapy. A diagnostic evaluation must be completed before a doctor can determine whether a patient has chronic sinusitis.Decongestants. These medications assist in easing nasal congestion, nasal edoema, and sinus pressure.
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Predict what type of epithelial tissue would be found in an organ that needs to prevent water loss.
Answer:
stratified squamous epithelium
Explanation:
Functions include protection against microorganisms and protection against water loss
How does the parfocal characteristic of a microscope affect the way a slide is viewed?
Parfocal refers to the idea that an image should maintain focus when shifted between distinct objectives. You should only make precise focus adjustments after the image is in focus.
Why is parfocal imaging crucial in microscopy?Parfocal goals are those that can be modified with little to no focussing. It is convenient when the lenses stay in focus when you change the magnification on your microscope. When a microscope has named objectives, this is feasible.
The picture will stay in focus while switching from a lower-power objective to a higher-power objective because high-quality microscopes are parfocal. The oil reflects more light because it has the same refractive index as glass.
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The _____ is a large, round body within the cell that contains the cellular genetic components (genes).
The nucleus is a large, round body within the cell that contains the cellular genetic components (genes).
What is nucleus?In terms of genomics, a nucleus is the organelle within a cell that is membrane-enclosed and houses the chromosomes. Therefore, protecting this component of the cell is very critical. The chromosomes are all kept inside the nucleus by a membrane, which also distinguishes between the chromosomes being inside the nucleus and the other organelles and parts of the cell remaining outside. There are pores in the nuclear membrane that allow molecules to enter and exit the nucleus as necessary, such as when RNA needs to move between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Previously, it was believed that the nuclear membrane only allowed molecules to enter and exit the nucleus; however, it is now understood that there is an active process for bringing molecules into the nucleus as well.Learn more about the Nucleus with the help of the given link:
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