We emphasize the valence electrons in an atom when discussing atomic properties, as they are most accessible to other atoms.
What are valence electrons?The valence electrons are the electrons that are present in the outer shell of the atoms. These electrons are free for making bonds with the electrons of other atoms.
Electrons are joined with other electrons to make a compound. These electrons are shared by or gained by other atoms.
Thus, when discussing atomic qualities, we focus on the valence electrons in an atom since they are the most receptive to other atoms.
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The tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself is referred to as its _____. ionic potential tonicity covalency electronegativity polarity
Electronegativity
The tendency of an atom to pull electrons towards itself is called electronegativity.
It is the tendency of an atom to attract bonding pair of electrons towards itself. These atoms which are more electronegative are able to bear a negative charge and be stable.
Unlike electropositive elements which tend to lose electrons , electronegative elements hold on tightly to the electrons.
The electronegativity is measured using the Pauling Scale where the most electronegative element of the periodic table, Fluorine , is given a value of 4 and the rest of the elements have values lower than 4 according to the trends followed by their groups and periods.
The least electronegative element of the periodic table , Cesium has a value of 0.7 on the Pauling Scale.
Electronegativity increases when we move from left to right in the periodic table and it decreases (in general) when we move down the group.
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A unknown compound was found to have the molecular formula c5h12o2 . to which compound classes could the compound belong? check all the apply. the possible functional groups are:
The compound classes are alcohol (hydroxyl group) and ether (ether group).
A unknown compound was found to have the molecular formula C₅H₁₂O₂.
Degree of unsaturation = (2C + 2 + N - X - H) / 2
Degree of unsaturation = (2 × 5 + 2 + 0 - 0 - 1) / 2
Degree of unsaturation = 0
C = number of carbon
H = number of hydrogen
N = number of nitrogen
X = number of halogen
The degree of unsaturation is 0, a unknow compound has only single bond.
Alcohols and ethers have single bonds and oxygen in their structure.
In the pictures below, there are examples of alcohol with two hydroxyl group (-OH) and ether with two ether groups.
It cannot be carboxylic acid, because acid has double bon.
It cannot be phenol, because it must have minimum six carbon atoms.
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When a capacitor has a potential difference between the plates it is said to be ? . one plate has an excess of electrons and one has a deficiency of electrons.
while a capacitor has a capability distinction between the plates it's miles said to be consistent.
each plates have different fee which means that one has better ability than the other.
V= potential distinction across the plates , when the capacity distinction V is improved , rate on capacitors additionally will increase such that the ratio Q/V , remains consistent i.e. capacitance remains consistent . due to the fact capacitance relies upon upon plate location , medium between plates and distance among plates .
consequently, whilst we be a part of them in parallel, charge will float from better to lower. and it continued to go with the flow until equilibrium (the whole method took just a few seconds), indicating that the capacity remains consistent.
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Urn the gas off immediately if the flame sputters, flares, or goes out, or if you ________________________ gas.
Urn the gas off immediately if the flame sputters, flares, or goes out, or if you smell gas.
If something which includes an engine or a flame sputters, it really works or burns in an uneven way and makes a chain of soft popping sounds.
What reasons a gasoline burner to sputter?
if your gasoline burner is hissing, sputtering, or burning a yellow flame, it isn't always running successfully. The problem is due to an excessive amount of or too little air being supplied to the flame. here is a way to make an adjustment: Wait to carry out your repair until the stovetop floor is cool
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What is reduced and what is oxidized in the reaction between a monosaccharide and a ferric ion?
In the reaction between a monosaccharide and a ferric ion, The carbonyl carbon is oxidized to a carboxyl group, the cupric ion is reduced.
Chemical reactions often involve color changes, temperature changes, gas evolution, or precipitate formation. Simple examples of everyday reactions are digestion, combustion, and cooking. The definition of reaction is a reaction. An example of a reaction is someone stopping their car at a stop sign. noun. response to stimuli.
The five basic types of chemical reactions are combination, decomposition, single exchange, double exchange, and combustion. By analyzing the reactants and products of a particular reaction, we can classify them into one of these categories. Some responses fit into multiple categories. It is modeled after the old Italian reaction, the French response, derived from the medieval Latin response (nominative to react). It is a noun of action formed in Late Latin from the past participle stem of the Latin reader.
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At a ph ph of 7.25 , 7.25, the ratio of protonated glu molecules to deprotonated glutamate molecules is:_________
At a ph of 7.25 , the ratio of protonated glu molecules to deprotonated glutamate molecules is 1.100.
To find the ration of protonated glu molecules to deprotonated glutamate molecules we can used Henderson - hasselbalch equation :
ph = pka + log[A- ] / [HA]
At a ph value below the pka for each funtional group of amino acid , the functional group is protonated and the ph value above pka for the functional grroup its deprotonated.
Carboxylic acid funtional group of glutamic acid (glu) has pka = 4.25. so, the negatively charged deprotonated carboxylate form greater values of ph.
Hence , At a ph of 7.25, the ratio of protonated glum molecules to deprotonated glumtamate molecules is 1.100.
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how many grams of iron will be needed to react completely with an excess of oxygen to form 40 grams of iron oxide ?
Answer:
28g Fe
Explanation:
source: https://www.answers.com/Q/How_many_grams_of_iron_will_be_needed_to_react_completely_with_an_excess_of_oxygen_to_form_40_grams_of_iron3_oxide
Is the emission spectrum of elements composed of individually colored lines or is it a continuous blend of colors like a rainbow?
The emission spectrum of elements is composed of individually colored lines.
When energy is provided to an element, the electrons present in it get excited and move to a higher energy level.
When these electrons return to their ground state, they release energy in the form of colored bands known as a spectrum(plural; spectra).
The spectrum emitted by a substance that has absorbed energy is known as the emission spectrum.
To produce an emission spectrum, energy is supplied to a sample by heating it or irradiating it.
The study of spectra is known as spectroscopy which helps in the identification and characterization of elements.
The emission spectrum of atoms does not have a continuous blend of colors like a rainbow.
Thus, the emission spectrum of elements is composed of individually colored lines.
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One of the radioactive isotopes used in chemical and medical research is iodine-125, which has a half-life of 61 days. how long would it take for 0.25 g to remain of a 1.00 g sample of iodine-125?
Having a half-life of 61 days, iodine-125 would take 122 days for a 0.25 g of iodine-125 to remain from 1.00 g of it.
Half-life, an aspect of radioactive decay, is defined as the amount time it takes a radioactive isotope to disintegrate by a half. The formula for half-life is given by:
N(t) =N(0) 1/2 ^ t/t(1/2)
where N(t) = amount of substance remaining
N(0) = initial amount of substance
t = elapsed time
t(1/2) = half-life of the substance
Using this formula where N(t) = 0.25 g, N(0) = 1.00 g, and t(1/2) = 61 days,
N(t) =N(0) 1/2 ^ t/t(1/2)
0.25 g = 1.00 g x (1/2)^t/61
(1/2)^t/61 = 1/4
t = 122 days
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Hat is the average mass of a manganese atom, given in amu and in kg? please do a unit conver- sion to calculate the mass in kg from the mass in amu
The average mass of a manganese atom is 54.94 amu or 9.12 x 10⁻²⁶ kg.
One unified atomic mass unit is approximately the mass of one nucleon (proton or neutron).
The unified atomic mass unit (amu) is a standard unit of atom mass.
One unified atomic mass unit is approximately the mass of the one nucleon (1.66·10⁻²⁷ kg)
Ar(Mn) = 54.94 amu; a relative atomic mass of manganese atom
m(Mn) = Ar(Mn) x 1.66·10⁻²⁷ kg
m(Mn) = 54.94 x 1.66·10⁻²⁷ kg
m(Mn) = 91.2 x 1.66·10⁻²⁷ kg
m(Mn) = 9.12 x 10⁻²⁶ kg; the average mass of a manganese atom
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If 16% of the nucleotides in one strand of a dna molecule contain the base g, what percent of the nucleotides on the complementary strand will also contain the base g?
If 16% of the nucleotides in one strand of a DNA molecule contain the base g, what percent of the nucleotides on the complementary strand will also contain the base g but it is impossible to determine from the information given.
DNA double helix. The hydrogen bonds are damaged and the helix is opened. Each strand of DNA acts as a template for synthesizing a brand new complementary strand. During replication, equal DNA double helices are formed, every with a brand new strand and a vintage strand.
Also, cytosine (C) enhances guanine (G) and adenine (A) enhances thymine (T). Therefore, the complementary strand for 5'-TAGAC 3' is 3'-ATTCG 5', similar to alternative c.
His Chargaff's discovery of A = T and C = G, combined with a few very essential X-ray crystallographic research through British researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins, Watson Contributed to Crick's derivation of his 3-D double helix model. DNA structure.
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What reagent or reagents is reuired for the conversion of yclohexene to cycloexane?
Reagents required for conversion of clohexene to cycloexane is H2,Pt.
Functions do reagents serve in chemistry:
A chemical reaction is used to confirm the detection of another substance and is referred to as a "substance or compound that is added to a system in order to bring a chemical reaction or is added to check whether a reaction has occurred or not."
Reagents required for conversion of clohexene to cycloexane is H2,Pt.
Hydrogenation of cyclohexene in presense of Pt catalyst gives cyclohexane .
cyclohexene + H2 -----(Pt)----> cyclohexane .
Pt is acting here as a catalyst.
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a girl slides down a plastic slide. when she gets up, her hair is in the air. why is this so?
Answer:
because when girl slide down then her body was in full speed and after that she gets up her hair is in the air because when she slide down her hair was also blowing in the air and after that her body thinks that they're still sliding down.so,it happened.
a scientist wants to identify an unknown compound on the basis of its physical properties. the substance is a white solid at room temperature. attempts to determine its boiling point were unsuccessful. using table 6, name the unknown compound
The substance is a white solid at room temperature is sodium chlorides
We have a table of physical properties of four different substances and unknown substance that we're trying to identify using that table. So we have four compounds 1. oxygen 2.water 3.sucrose and 4.sodium chloride. both oxygen and water are colorless, so can't be those two. Sucrose and sodium chloride both are solids.abou boiling point , sucrose does not have a boiling point. and sodium chloride does have a boiling point, so the unknown compound is sodium chloridesSodium Chloride is essential to maintain the electrolyte balance of fluids in a person's body. it is also known as salt table.
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A vacuum gage connected to a chamber reads 54 kpa at a location where the atmospheric pressure is 92 kpa. determine the absolute pressure in the chamber.
The absolute pressure in the chamber is 38 kPa.
p(vacuum gauge) = 54 kPa; pressure of vacuum gauge, pressure is below atmospheric pressure, so it is called negative or vacuum gauge pressure
p(atmospheric pressure) = 92 kPa
p(absolute pressure) = ?
p(absolute pressure) = p(vacuum gauge) - p(atmospheric pressure)
p(absolute pressure) = 92 kPa - 54 kPa
p(absolute pressure) = 38 kPa
Atmospheric pressure or barometric pressure is the pressure within the atmosphere of the Earth.
Absolute pressure is the pressure in a vacuum. Absolute pressure uses absolute zero as its zero point.
Vacuum gauge pressure uses atmospheric pressure as its zero point.
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A jet airplane reaches 746. Km/h on a certain flight. What distance does it cover in 10.0 minutes? Set the math up. But don’t do any of it. Just leave your answer as a math expression. Also, be sure your answer includes all the correct unit symbols.
The distance covered by the jet airplane in 10 minutes is 124.582 Km
What is speed?Speed is the distance travelled per unit. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
Speed = distance / time
With the above formula, we can obtain the distance. Details below
How to determine the distanceThe following data were obtained from the question:
Speed = 746 Km/hTime = 10 minutes = 10 / 60 = 0.167 hourDistance =?Speed = distance / time
Cross multiply
Distance = speed × time
Distance = 746 × 0.167
Distance = 124.582 Km
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When 7.02 grams of a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen was burned completely in 25.5 grams of oxygen, 21.0 grams of carbon dioxide and water were formed. what mass of water was formed?
Mass of water is 11.52 grams.
Overall chemical equation for reaction of combustion a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen:
CxHy + O₂ → xCO₂ + y/2H₂O
m(CxHy) = 7.02 g; mass of the compound
m(O₂) = 25.5 g; mass of oxygen
m(CO₂) = 21.0 g; mass of carbon dioxide
m(H₂O) = ?; mass of water
Conservation of matter states that the mass of the reactants have to be equal to the mass of the products.
m(CxHy) + m(O₂) = m(CO₂) + m(H₂O)
7.02 g + 25.5 g = 21.0 g + m(H₂O)
m(H₂O) = 32.52 g - 21.0 g
m(H₂O) = 11.52 g; mass of water
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scientific process how can a casual question be answered 3 hypotheses water experiment
There are 3 experiments which helps to under water evaporation system.
Both the temperature of the air surrounding the water and the rate of evaporation increased. In the second experiment, we observed an increase in air flow around the water, and this time, the rate of evaporation increased as well. In the third and final experiment, we observed an increase in the amount of light in the room, and this time, the rate of evaporation increased as well.Because the kinetic energy of a substance can be measured by its temperature, increasing in the temperature or kinetic energy of the air around water will also increase the kinetic energy of the water, which will increase the rate of evaporation.It's crucial to have good air flow since it drives water droplets in the air away from you, reducing the amount of humidity in the region. Because there will then be space for the evaporated air or space for the evaporated water to flow into the air, it will then be simpler for the water to really evaporate.Water in the presence of sunlight is given extra energy, which increases evaporation.Learn more about Evaporation here:
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An inactive substance used in a controlled experiment to test the effects of an active substance.
Answer:
its placebo it is inactive substance not active like outer drugs which forms bonds with chemicals present in our body
How does the electron configuration of ions derived from representative elements give them stability?
The electron configuration of ions derived by stable arrangement.
What is electron configuration of ions?Their valence shell contains two or eight electrons. They don't acquire, shed, or distribute electrons.
An atom with a full outermost (valence) shell has a stable electrical configuration. The quantity of electrons that leave or enter an atom's outer shell is known as its valency.
A noble gas configuration is a stable electron configuration for representative or main group elements. By acquiring or losing electrons and forming ions, or by sharing electrons with other atoms, the representative elements' atoms can adopt a noble gas structure.
The stability of an electron arrangement can be predicted. When all of an atom's orbitals are filled, it is at its most stable and unreactive. The combinations with full energy levels are the most stable.
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What would be the number of na , k and atp molecules inside the cell after 100 cycles of the pump and what would be the net charge differential across?
The number of sodium, potassium and ATP would be: 700 Na+ ions, 200 K+ ions and 900 ATP molecule.
The net charge differential would be -200.
Potassium is important for keeping the body hydrated and with sodium support cellular function (sodium-potassium ( Na⁺/K⁺) pump).
The sodium-potassium pump releases three Na+ ions, while in the same time two K+ ions exit the cell. For this process one molecule of ATP is consumed.
Inside the cell, there are 1000 sodium ions, 1000 molecules of ATP.
While outside the cell, there are 1000 potassium ions.
After 100 cycles, 300 sodium ions will exit the cell and 200 potassium ions will enter the cell, using 100 ATP molecules.
1000 - 300 = 700; number of sodium ions (Na+) left in the cell
1000 - 100 = 900; ATP molecules left in the cell
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Tep 3: determine the stereochemistry of the precursors. How is stereochemistry of the starting materials affected in the suzuki reaction? select the correct statements. Stereochemistry of the vinyl boronic acid will be retained stereochemistry of the vinyl halide will be inverted. Stereochemistry of the vinyl halide will be retained stereochemistry of the vinyl boronic acid will be inverted
Stereochemistry of the vinyl boronic acid will be retained and Stereochemistry of the vinyl halide will be retained is how the stereochemistry of the starting materials affected in the Suzuki reaction.
Some compounds have two stereogenic centers or more. Whether or whether those centers are equivalent determines the stereochemistry that results. Similar sets of substituents are present in equivalent sterogenic centers.
There are 2n stereoisomers for n nonequivalent centers. These isomers include certain pairings of enantiomers. These stereoisomers are mirror images of each other because each center of them has the opposite arrangement. Diastereomers are all other stereoisomers.
The answer's solution is included as an image.
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what is the smallest unit of length
Answer:
Plank length
Explanation:
The smallest possible size for anything in the universe is the Planck Length, which is 1.6 x10-35 m across.
It is economical to use scrap iron to get copper.
Give one reason why.
Answer:
Yes is my final answer
Explanation:
1. Scrap iron is used to displace copper because it is a more reactive, cheaper metal, making it a cost-effective way to produce copper. Scrap or old iron is also easier to obtain, as it is one of the world’s most recycled scrap metals. During a displacement reaction, iron reacts with a copper sulphate solution. This causes the iron ion to displace the copper to form iron sulphate, with solid copper being produced as a result.
Does the density of an object change if only the volume changes? Why or why not?
Yes, the density of an object change if only the volume changes because density is an intensive property.
What is density?Density is the measure of the mass of matter contained by a unit volume.
This suggests that the density of a substance is a function of the mass and volume of the substance.
However, an increase in volume decreases the overall density of an object, making it float.
Therefore, yes, the density of an object change if only the volume changes because density is an intensive property.
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When an acid is dissolved in water, how does it change the solution's ph?
When an acid is dissolved in water, by releasing protons into the solution, it lowers the pH.
What is pH?
The letters pH stand for the potential of hydrogen since pH is essentially a measurement of the number of hydrogen ions (i.e. protons) in a substance. The pH scale was created in 1923 by scientist Peter Lauritz Srensen. (1868-1969).
The pH of a solution is a key marker of its chemical makeup. The pH can have an impact on the biological processes that take place, the behavior of bacteria, and the behavior of chemicals.
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In this way, _____ of water through ____ bonds to the molecules, which comprise the v illi on the cat's tongue
In this way, the Adhesion of water through hydrogen bonds to the molecules, which comprise the Villi on the cat's tongue.
What is Adhesion?
The act or quality of sticking or remaining fastened: the glue's adherence to the wood b. Physics The attraction between two substances that is strong enough to be seen at a macroscale and is caused by their differences.
What kind of bonds do water molecules form?
Hydrogen bonds form between nearby hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent water molecules in the case of water. A bond known as a hydrogen bond is formed when individual water molecules are attracted to one another.
Which of the cat's tongue's villi works to resist gravity's pull downward?
By forming hydrogen bonds with the molecules that make up the villi on the cat's tongue, water adheres to them in this way, helping to fend off the effects of gravity. As a result, the phenomenon of adhesion aids in the maintenance of entire, joined drops of water.
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An oxygen molecule at 25◦C has a speed of
about 678 meters per second. Express this
speed in miles/hour. (1 mi = 5280 ft)
1. 0.000659 miles/hour
2. 0.421 miles/hour
3. 0.000117 miles/hour
4. 2440000 miles/hour
5. 9780 miles/hour
6. 15200 miles/hour
7. 1520 miles/hour
An oxygen molecule at 25◦C has a speed of 1520 miles/hour.
Equation :As we know
1 km = 1000 meter
So,
678 / 1000 = 0.678 km
And 1 mile = 1.6 km
So,
0.678 / 1.609 = 0.4213 miles
We know that 1 hour = 60×60 = 3600 sec
So,
1 sec = 1 / 3600
= 2.777 x 10⁻⁴ hour
Now finding speed,
speed = distance / time
speed = 0.4213 / 2.777 x 10⁻⁴
speed = 1520 miles/hour
What is speed ?Velocity is the rate and direction of an object's movement, whereas speed is the time rate at which an object is moving along a path. In other words velocity is a vector value, whereas speed is a scalar value.
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At 80. 0°c and 12. 0 torr, the density of camphor vapor is 0. 0829 g/l. What is the molar mass of camphor? report your answer in grams per mole to the nearest whole number.
The molar mass of camphor in the nearest whole number is 152 g/mol.
Given,
P = 12 torr or 0.01579 atm
1 atm = 760 torr
Density = 0.0829 g/l
R = 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K
T = 273° K + 80° K
T = 353° K
As we know,
PV = nRT
Or, PV = mass × R × T / molar mass
Or, P = mass × R × T / volume × molar mass
Where, mass/ volume = density (d)
P = dRT / molar mass
Now putting the values,
0.01579 = 0.0829 × 0.0821 × 353 / molar mass
Or, molar mass = 152.156 g/mol.
Hence, the molar mass of camphor is 152 g/mol.
The molar mass of a chemical compound is defined because the mass of a pattern of that compound divided by way of the quantity of substance that's the variety of moles in that pattern, measured in moles. The molar mass is a bulk, not molecular, assets of a substance. The molar mass is a mean of many instances of the compound, which regularly vary in mass because of the presence of isotopes. most commonly, the molar mass is computed from the usual atomic weights and is as a result a terrestrial average and a characteristic of the relative abundance of the isotopes of the constituent atoms on the planet. The molar mass is appropriate for converting between the mass of a substance and the amount of a substance for bulk portions.To learn more about molar mass, visit: https://brainly.com/question/16377069
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Which answer contains the substances known as fossil fuels?
Which answer contains the substances known as fossil fuels?
wood, oil, geothermal
oil, natural gas, coal
wind, oil, coal
natural gas, solar, coal
oil, natural gas, coal..........
Answer:
Coal, oil, and natural gas
Explanation:
Coal is a material usually found in sedimentary rock deposits where rock and dead plant and animal matter are piled up in layers.