the process by which genetic information represented by a sequence of DNA nucleotides is copied into newly synthesized molecules of RNA, with the DNA serving as a template. called by?
The process by which genetic information represented by a sequence of DNA nucleotides is copied into newly synthesized molecules of RNA, with the DNA serving as a template. called by transcription.
The process of transcribing a piece of DNA into RNA is known as transcription. Messenger RNA is created when segments of DNA are translated into RNA molecules that can encode proteins (mRNA). Other DNA sequences are transcribed into RNA molecules known as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Only 1-3% of total RNA samples contain mRNA.
Less than 2% of the human genome can be transcribed into mRNA , although at least 80% of mammalian genomic DNA can be actively transcribed (in one or more types of cells), with the vast majority of this 80% being ncRNA.
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for sexually reproducing diploid parent cells, which of the following statements best explains the production of haploid cells that occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?
For sexually reproducing diploid parent cells, the following statements which best explains the production of haploid cells that occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis is that separation of chromatids occurs once, and there are two rounds of cell division in meiosis and is therefore denoted as option B.
What is Mitosis?This is referred to as a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
Separation of chromatids occurs once, and there are two rounds of cell division in meiosis which is responsible for the production of four unique daughter cells.
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The full question:
For sexually reproducing diploid parent cells, which of the following statements best explains the production of haploid cells that occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?Separation of chromatids occurs once, and there is one round of cell division in meiosis.
ASeparation of chromatids occurs twice, and there are two rounds of cell division in mitosis.
BSeparation of chromatids occurs once, and there are two rounds of cell division in meiosis.
CSeparation of chromatids occurs twice, and there is one round of cell division in mitosis
which of the following best explains why individuals with hypothyroidism have low levels of t3 and t4? choose 1 answer:
Their TSH receptors are mutated, which reduces TSH detection and signal transduction. The p53 or T3 gene is the one that is most frequently altered in cancer patients.
Over 50% of tumors have a defective or absent p53 gene. Most mutations in the p53 gene are acquired. Although germline p53 mutations are uncommon, those who have them have an increased chance of developing a wide range of cancers.
In natural systems, such as viruses, bacteria, and human malignancies, genetic changes frequently lead to a rise in the mutation rate. However, it can also enhance the likelihood that a population will pick up uncommon hypothyroidism with helpful alleles. Such an increase encourages the accumulation of frequently neutral or detrimental alleles.
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Correct Question:
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is a long-distance signaling molecule released by the anterior pituitary gland. Once released, TSH travels through the bloodstream to the thyroid gland, where it binds to G protein-coupled receptors called TSH receptors. This binding initiates signal transduction pathways that produce two thyroid hormones, T3 and T4. In individuals with hypothyroidism, TSH is released by the pituitary gland normally, but these individuals have consistently low levels of T3 and T4. What is used to best explains why individuals with hypothyroidism have low levels of T3 and T4?
identify the statements that explain how different cells in the same organism produce different proteomes.
Answer:
There may be differential gene regulation and alternative splicing.
Two different cell types may produce different amounts of the same protein.
Different cell types may alter their protein in different ways.
Explanation:
FILL IN THE BLANK A fatal central nervous system disorder caused by a copy number variation—more than 35 repetitions of a particular set of three base pairs—is _____.
A fatal central nervous system disorder caused by a copy number variation—more than 35 repetitions of a particular set of three base pairs—is Huntington's disease.
Huntington's disease is a central nervous system disorder that affects movement, cognition, and behavior. It is caused by a genetic mutation in the huntingtin gene, which leads to the production of an abnormal protein. A key characteristic of Huntington's disease is the expansion of a trinucleotide repeat sequence (CAG) in the huntingtin gene. Normally, this repeat sequence occurs 10 to 35 times in the gene, central nervous system disorder but in people with Huntington's disease, it occurs more than 35 times. This expanded repeat sequence interferes with the normal functioning of the huntingtin protein and triggers the death of nerve cells in the brain, causing the symptoms of Huntington's disease.
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sweet pea plants have a diploid (2n) chromosome number of 14. which of the following best explains how the sweet pea plants in the parental generation produce f1 offspring with 14 chro
By fusing gametes with different numbers of chromosomes, sweet pea plants with a diploid 2n chromosome number of 14 produce F1 offspring with 14 chromosomes.
organisms classified as diploids have 2n chromosomes, or two copies of each chromosome.
Meiosis occurs in diploid organisms to create haploid cells with n chromosomes.
Each parent contributes two haploid cells to create offspring with 2n chromosomes.
Therefore, by fusing gametes with an n-number of chromosomes, sweet pea plants with a diploid 2n chromosome number of 14 produce F1 offspring with 14 chromosomes.
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PLEASE HURRY!!!
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease which causes the red blood cells of a person with sickle cell to be malformed, or sickled, making it difficult for them to carry oxygen. This disorder is carried on the X chromosome. What type of inheritance pattern does it follow?
Sex-linked inheritance
Incomplete dominance
Codominance
Multiple allele inheritance
Is evolution from simple origins impossible, considering how complex living things are?
Conventional wisdom holds that complex structures evolve from simpler ones, step-by-step, through a gradual evolutionary process, with Darwinian natural selection favoring intermediate forms along the way.
What do you mean by natural selection?Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations.
Natural selection is the process through which populations of living organisms adapt and change. Individuals in a population are naturally variable, meaning that they are all different in some ways.
More individuals are produced each generation that can survive. Phenotypic variation exists among individuals and the variation is heritable. Those individuals with heritable traits better suited to the environment will survive.
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In the evaluation of a positive DAT result, all of the below techniques can be used to dissociate the antibody(ies) from the RBCs EXCEPT:
-EDTA-glycine
-Saline replacement
-Chloroquine diphosphate
-Murine monoclonal antibodies
Any method can be used to separate the antibodies from RBCs in the assessment of a positive DAT result, with the exception of murine monoclonal antibodies. Here option D is the correct answer.
EDTA-glycine: EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) in combination with glycine is a commonly used technique to dissociate antibodies from RBCs. The solution disrupts the bond between the antibody and the RBC, allowing for detection of the antibodies in the serum.
Saline replacement: This technique involves washing the RBCs with saline to remove any antibodies attached to the surface. The saline solution dissociates the antibodies from the RBCs, allowing for detection of the antibodies in the serum.
Chloroquine diphosphate: Chloroquine diphosphate is a lysing agent that is used to dissociate antibodies from RBCs. The solution works by disrupting the bond between the antibody and the RBC, allowing for detection of the antibodies in the serum.
Murine monoclonal antibodies: Murine monoclonal antibodies are not used to dissociate the antibodies from RBCs. These antibodies are laboratory-made replicas of natural human antibodies and are used as a diagnostic tool to detect specific antigens or pathogens.
Complete question:
In the evaluation of a positive DAT result, all of the below techniques can be used to dissociate the antibody(ies) form the RBCs EXCEPT:
A. EDTA-glycine
B. Saline replacement
C. Chloroquine diphosphate
D. Murine monoclonal antibodies
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l nerd help pleaseee
Homozygous refers to an organism in which both copies of a given gene have the same allele i.e. HH or hh.
An allele is one of a number of alternative forms of the same gene occupying a given position, or locus, on a chromosome.
Homozygous recessive means that it has two recessive alleles. Examples of homozygous recessive genotype is "hh" coding for hornless cattle.
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__________ the two types of of chemical signals in the body that help maintain homeostasis are hormones and neurotransmitters.
Catecholamines and serotonin, the two types of chemical signals in the body that help maintain homeostasis are hormones and neurotransmitters.
The maintenance of homeostasis in the human body is greatly aided by neurotransmitters like serotonin and catecholamines. The major focus of research on these neurotransmitters has been on how they affect blood flow throughout the body and the "fight or flight" response by sending messages across chemical synapses.
In homeostasis, the body's organs can cooperate to keep blood glucose levels stable thanks to the chemical signal insulin, which is produced by the pancreas, liver, and muscles. This makes it possible for the body's other organs, including the heart and brain, to keep homeostasis.
The sympathetic nervous system uses norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter. The hypothalamus is where these molecules keep energy homeostasis in check. This homeostatic mechanism, which regulates energy input-output and food intake, is kept in check by the hypothalamus.
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based on taxonomical classification, to which of the following organisms is the clownfish (amphiprion ocellaris) most closely related evolutionarily?
The clownfish (amphiprion ocellaris), which belongs to the phylum Chordata and class Mammalia, is most closely related to humans (Homo sapiens).
Clownfish and anemonefish are both names for fish that belong to the subfamily Amphiprioninae of the family Pomacentridae. The thirty species of clownfish that are currently known fall into two genera: Amphiprion and Premnas. In the wild, they all form symbiotic mutualisms with sea anemones. Anemonefish come in a range of colours overall, including yellow, orange, reddish, and even blackish. Many also have white stripes or patches. The closest evolutionary relatives of the clownfish are the damselfish and other Pomacentridae family members.
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complete question:
Which of the following creatures does the clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) have the closest evolutionary ties to, according to taxonomy?
A) The common cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis; class: Mollusca; kingdom: Animalia.
B) Humans (Homo sapiens); class: Mammalia; phylum: Chordata.
C) The moon jellyfish; class: Cnidaria; kingdom: Animalia
D) The phytoplankton Micromonas , which belongs to the Eukarya and Protista kingdoms.
E) The sea anemone Heteractis crispa, a member of the phylum Cnidaria in the animal kingdom.
let y(t) denote the number of e. coli cells in a container of nutrient solution t minutes after the start of an experiemnt. assume that y(t) is modeled by tihe initial-value problem
One of the most popular organisms for making recombinant proteins is Escherichia coli. 1280 E. coil cells will remain in the container for two hours after the experiment began.
Escherichia coli is well-known for its role as a cell factory and has emerged as the most widely used expression platform.
given the initial value.
dy/dt = (ln2)2^t/2, y(0) = 20
integrating and separating the variables.
∫dy = ∫(ln2)2^t/2 / ln2* 20 + C
y(t) = 20(2^t/20) + C
and y(0) = 20,
20 = 20*2⁰ + C
and C = 0,
y(t) = 20(2^t/20)
after 2 hrs i.e 120 mins.
y = 20(2⁶) = 1280
therefore, 1280 E. coil cells will remain in the container for two hours after the experiment began.
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(complete question)
Let y(t) denote the number of E. coli cells in a container of nutrient solution t minutes after the start of an experiment. Assume that y(t) is modeled by the initial-value problem dy/dt = (In 2)2^r/20. y(0) = 20
Use this model to estimate the number of E. coli cells in the container 2 hours after the start of the experiment.
what are deep ocean currents
Answer:
result from differences in water density. These currents occur when cold dense water at the poles sinks
since viral gene expression is regulated by the same machinery as host cell gene expression, which of the following is most likely involved in regulating expression of bacteriophage genes? since viral gene expression is regulated by the same machinery as host cell gene expression, which of the following is most likely involved in regulating expression of bacteriophage genes? regulation via acetylation of histones positive control mechanisms rather than negative reliance on transcription activators coordinate control of more than one gene in an operon
coordinated regulation of several genes within an operon.The phage encoded N-protein which creates a termination-resistant RNAP complexes controls the expression of early genes.
Their viral genome can merge with host DNA, proliferate along with it in a relatively benign manner, or even take root as a plasmid. The endogenous phages, sometimes referred to as prophages, become active when host circumstances worsen, possibly as a result of nutritional deprivation. MiRNAs are also used by viruses to control the expression on their genes. However, certain viral miRNAs perform a twofold function by interfering with the host's genes' control. Viruses must enter cells in order to proliferate since they only have a Sequences of Dna genome enclosed in a protein sheath.
(Since viral gene expression is regulated by the same machinery as the host cell gene expression, which of the following is most likely involved in regulating expression of bacteriophage genes?)
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"With a mix of ice and water present, the surface water must have had a temperature of ______°C, as observed in Figure 3B-1."
With a mix of ice and water present, the surface water depends upon various factors, such as the amount of ice and water present, the amount of heat transfer that occurs, etc.
What is the significance of the temperature?The temperature of the surface water is not determined based on the temperature of the water, but the temperature can be determined based on the initial temperatures of the ice and water and the amount of heat transfer that occurs, etc. So, If the amount of ice is large and there is a significant amount of heat transfer, the temperature of the surface water may be closer to 0 °C.
Hence, with a mix of ice and water present, the surface water depends upon various factors, such as the amount of ice and water present, the amount of heat transfer that occurs, etc.
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James Watson’s discovery of the base pairings in the DNA helix was a result of trial and error. He discovered that adenine pairs with thymine and that guanine pairs with cytosine after he continually attempted to align models of the bases in other combinations. Which best describes how this example illustrates creativity?
A. Watson’s trial-and-error approach shows that he had run out of other ideas to try in searching for the answer.
B. Watson’s trial-and-error approach shows that he was using the process of elimination to solve his base pair problem.
C. Watson’s trial-and-error approach shows that he preferred to guess rather than apply logic to the problem.
D. Watson’s trial-and-error approach shows that he was willing to consider multiple base-pair arrangements as possible answers.
In DNA helix, Watson’s trial-and-error approach shows that he was using the process of elimination to solve his base pair problem best describes how this example illustrates creativity.
What are the characteristics of DNA double helix?A DNA molecule is made up of two linked strands that wind around each other to resemble a twisted ladder in a helix-like shape. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
To avoid bumping into each other, the staircase has to twist a little bit. This turns our staircase into a spiral staircase. This extra twist at the end is the reason for the helical shape. For the “steps” of the DNA “staircase” to fit together, they have to twist a little bit.
DNA is a right-handed helix. Normal B-DNA, as first described by Watson and Crick, is a right-handed helix. GC-rich DNA can also exist in a form known as Z-DNA, which forms a left-handed helix.
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Which of the following choices is a boolean search?
There are three basic Boolean search commands: AND, OR and NOT. The correct option is D.
What is Boolean search?A symbolic logic technique created by English mathematician George Boole in the 19th century serves as the foundation for boolean searching.
The words AND, OR, and NOT can be used to combine words and phrases in boolean searches.
The organised process of employing mathematical operators like AND, OR, and NOT to broaden or narrow your candidate search on databases is referred to as a boolean search in the context of hiring.
Boolean Operators are straightforward words that are used as conjunctions in searches to combine or exclude keywords, producing more targeted and useful results.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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Your question seems incomplete, the missing options are:
AND
OR
NOT
All of the above
Number 6 please helppp
Height is a monohybrid inheritance. A tall (TT) plant is crossed with a short (tt) plant therefore the fraction or percent of the offspring which will be tall is 1 or 100 percent.
What is Inheritance?This is referred to as the process by which genetic information is passed on from parent to child.
TT × tt when crossed will give the following offspring:
Tt Tt Tt Tt - We were told that height is a monohybrid inheritance which means Tall will be dominant.
Therefore , the fraction or percent of the offspring which will be tall is 1 or 100 percent.
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Describe the Types of Interactions That Determine the Extent to Which a Solute Dissolves in Solution Question When a solution forms from some compound, the temperature of the solution quickly drops. Which of the following statements is true? Select all that apply: a.The dissolution process is endothermic. b.The dissolution process is exothermic. c.The entropy of solution is likely highly positive. d.The entropy of solution is likely highly negative.
When a solution forms from some compound, the temperature of the solution quickly drops so this is endothermic process
When a chemical (gas, solid, or liquid) dissolves in a solvent and forms a solid
That process is known as dissolution.
This process can be endothermic (temperature drops) or exothermic (temperature rises) (temperature increases).
As the temperature drops the reaction would be endothermic as the heat from the temperature goes out this reaction is said to be endothermic
If it takes more energy to separate the solute particles, the system (solution) absorbs heat from its surroundings, and the temperature of the solution rapidly declines.
As a result, this is an endothermic reaction.
So the correct answer from the following statement is option A -The Dissolution process is endothermic
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Wich of the following is NOT a unique property of water?
Water molecules stick together by cohesion. It is not a unique property of water. Thus, the correct option is A.
What is Cohesion?Cohesion is the property of like molecules or same substance to stick to each other due to mutual attraction between the substance.
Water can be regarded as the compound, a solvent which contains hydrogen and oxygen atom which are having a polar molecules along with the partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms as well as a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom, this is because oxygen is considered as more electronegative as compared to hydrogen atom.
The density of frozen water is less as compared to that of liquid water. Since the water molecule is polar, the molecules can easily stick to other polar substances. With the help of hydrogen bonds water can be heated and can be cooled very quickly.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:
Which of the following is not a unique property of water?
a. Water molecules stick together by cohesion
b. Frozen water is less dense than liquid water
c. Water molecules stick to other polar substances
d. Hydrogen bonds allow water to heat and cool very quickly
TRUE/FALSE. the specific immune response is a selective immune response that kills pathogens by marking them for the body to target
It is True that the specific immune response is a selective immune response that kills pathogens by marking them for the body to target
Both macrophages and cytotoxic T cells participate in cell-mediated immune responses to eradicate infected cells and intracellular pathogens, respectively. After being activated in response to an antigen, the proliferation and differentiation of naive T lymphocytes is an initial immunological response. In order to participate in the cell-mediated immune response, a naive T cell must first come into contact with the antigen in order to be stimulated to multiply and differentiate into cells that may assist in the elimination of the antigen. To prevent the infection from spreading, killer T cells will attack any infected cell that is carrying a foreign antigen.
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The results of Thomas Hunt Morgan’s last cross are shown in the Punnett square below.
A) Which of Thomas Hunt Morgan's hypotheses was valid based on these results?
B) White eyes are lethal in female Drosophila.
C) White eyes are lethal in male Drosophila.
D) Female Drosophila with white eyes are homozygous recessive.
White eyes are the dominant trait in female Drosophila.
Answer:
D) Female Drosophila with white eyes are homozygous recessive.
What did Mosa figure out in order to prove that all species are related? (Evidence of Evolution comic)
Fossils provide solid evidence that organisms from the past are not the same as those found today.
What are fossil fuels?Fossil fuels are formed from the decomposition of buried carbon-based organisms that died millions of years ago. They create carbon-rich deposits that are extracted and burned for energy. They are non-renewable and currently supply around 80% of the world's energy.
Coal, oil, and natural gas are examples of fossil fuels. Coal is a material usually found in sedimentary rock deposits where rock and dead plant and animal matter are piled up in layers.
Fossil fuels are combustible, burning in the presence of oxygen and forming water vapor, carbon dioxide, ash and other byproducts. Their ability to burn comes largely from their carbon content.
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place the three components of blood that separate from each other when a blood sample is centrifuged from most superior to inferior.
When a blood sample is centrifuged, the three components of blood separate from each other, from most superior to inferior, as follows:
Plasma: the yellowish fluid that makes up about 55% of blood volume, composed of water, electrolytes, proteins, hormones, and other substances.Buffy coat: the thin layer between plasma and red blood cells, which contains white blood cells and platelets.Red blood cells: the most abundant type of blood cell, responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues.Note: This separation is due to the differences in size, weight, and density of the three components of blood. The centrifugation process causes the heavier and denser cells, such as red blood cells, to settle to the bottom of the tube, while the lighter plasma rises to the top and the buffy coat remains in the middle.
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the nucleotide below is from a molecule of dna. it is missing labels identifying its three components, as well as labels that indicate how relevant carbon atoms are numbered
The illustration shows the oxy ribose sugar base at position B. They are at A. The molecule's three prime side is at position C, while its five prime side is at position A.
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer made of two polynucleotide chains that form a double helix around one another. All known living things, including many viruses, have genetic material in their polymers that direct how they should function, grow, and reproduce. Nucleic acids include ribonucleic acid and DNA.
DNA is in charge of transporting and transmitting genetic instructions from parents to offspring. In addition to being necessary for the creation of proteins, DNA ensures that all living organisms pass on their genetic information.
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which one of the following organism would produce a yellow slant and a yellow butt on tsi agar after incubating 18 hours?
Option a is Correct. Escherichia coli is one of the following organisms that, after 18 hours of incubation, would generate a yellow slant and a yellow butt on TSI agar.
Because strict aerobes, like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, only grow on the slant of the tube and not the butt, there won't be any change in the color of the tube's butt. The Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) test is a microbiological procedure that evaluates a microorganism's capacity to create hydrogen sulfide and ferment sugars.
It is crucial to monitor the cultures within 18–24 hours of incubation in order to get correct findings. This will guarantee that the peptones' alkaline-producing breakdown process has not exhausted its supply of carbohydrate substrates.
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Correct Question:
Which one of the following organisms would produce a yellow slant and a yellow butt on TSI agar after incubating 18 hours?
a. Escherichia coli
b. Proteus mirabilis
c. Salmonella Typhimurium
d. Shigella sonnei
If there was 0% growth in the use of coal, about how many more years will the worlds supply of coal last?
120,000
1,200
120
12,000
If there was 0% growth in the use of coal, it was 120,0.
What is Coal?Long before there were dinosaurs, the majority of the fossil fuels we use today were first discovered. The majority of the energy we consume worldwide comes from fossil fuels.
Because coal is a fossil fuel generated in the veins of rocks beneath the Earth's surface, miners must descend so far to obtain it.
Despite the fact that humanity have used up all of the fossil fuels that are already on the planet, there will likely still be unexplored supplies of them.
Therefore, If there was 0% growth in the use of coal, it was 120,0.
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Three of the four answers listed below are terms associated with the scientific method. select the exception
-deductive reasoning
-supernatural
-falsifiable
-testable
The scientific method is a systematic approach to acquiring knowledge and understanding of the natural world. The scientific method are Deductive reasoning, Testable, and Falsifiable. Here option A, C and D are the correct answer.
Deductive reasoning is a type of reasoning that starts from a general principle and derives specific consequences from it. In the scientific method, this type of reasoning is used to develop hypotheses and predictions about natural phenomena based on existing knowledge.
Testable refers to the ability of a scientific idea or hypothesis to be subjected to experimental testing. The scientific method emphasizes the importance of testing ideas through empirical observation and experimentation. In order to be considered scientific, a hypothesis must be testable.
Falsifiable refers to the ability of a scientific hypothesis to be proven false through experimental evidence. In the scientific method, a falsifiable hypothesis is considered a stronger candidate for scientific inquiry because it is open to testing and possible disproof.
Complete question:
Three of the four answers listed below are terms associated with the scientific method.
A - deductive reasoning
B - supernatural
C - falsifiable
D - testable
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given the structure of a cilium, you would not expect to find cilia on which of these types of epithelial tissue?
squamous keratinized epithelium that is stratified.
The upper respiratory tract is lined with this kind of epithelium, which often includes many cilia.
Pseudostratified epithelium has cilia, which are tiny hair-like extensions, and goblet cells, which are single-cellular glands that release mucus.
To convey bacteria, viruses, epithelial debris, or other harmful substances up or out of the airway, the cilia beat in unison over the epithelium. The epithelium's goblet cells make mucus, which helps in gathering the debris for ejection out from the airway. Cuboidal epithelial cells primarily perform three tasks: absorption, secretion, and protection. Specialized structures protrude from a few cuboidal epithelial cells. The respiratory bronchiole's wall is lined with a straightforward cuboidal epithelium, and the proximal part of the bronchiole may include cilia.
(Given the structure of a cilium, you would not expect to find cilia on which of these types of epithelial tissue?)
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