True, A plaintiff in a discrimination claim must demonstrate an employer's intent in order to establish unequal treatment in court.
What is the discrimination hypothesis referred to as "disparate treatment"?Disparate treatment occurs when some employees are treated less favorably by their employer than other similarly situated employees because of their race, color, religion, se-x, or national origin.
Generally speaking, intentional discrimination occurs when a recipient acts in a certain way because of the alleged victim's actual or suspected race, color, or national origin.
How is discrimination proven in a courtroom?It is necessary to reveal the person's name, race, s-ex, estimated age, and any other relevant details relating to the legal coverage. You should be familiar with their workplace, their management, and the type of work they do. You should be able to tell the EEOC how other people were treated differently from you.
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which 3 of the tasks below should be completed to prepare the log for auto expense deductions at year end?
Calculated mileage, any vehicle changes, and an evaluation of all trips are the three tasks that need to be finished in order to produce the log for auto expenditure deductions at year's end.
What are deductions?
An expense that can be deducted from a taxpayer's gross income to lower the amount of income that is subject to taxation is known as a deduction. For the vast majority of taxpayers who claim the standard deduction, Form 1040 suffices. If a taxpayer chooses to itemise their deductions, they must record each one on Schedule A of Form 1040. Since the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was passed in 2017, the standard tax deductions have steadily increased. In the US, taxpayers have the option of itemising their deductions or taking the standard deduction. The standard deduction is simpler to claim and needs less documentation and record-keeping.
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the sales tax in florida is 6%. if you purchase a car for $42,000, how much is the sales tax on the purchase?
The sales tax on a $42,000 car purchase in Florida would be $2,520.
Sales tax: A sales tax is a tax paid to a governing body for the sales of certain goods as well as services. Usually laws allow the seller to collect funds for the tax from the consumer at the point of the purchase.
To calculate the sales tax on a $42,000 car purchase in Florida, you would multiply the purchase price by the sales tax rate.
Sales tax = Purchase price x Sales tax rate
Sales tax = $42,000 x 6% = $2,520
So the sales tax on a $42,000 car purchase in Florida would be $2,520.
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this means that there were 2000 buyers (going long) and 2000 sellers (going short). of the 2,000 buyers, 1,400 were closing out positions and 600 were entering into new positions. of the 2,000 sellers, 1,200 were closing out positions and 800 were entering into new positions. what is the impact of the day's trading on open interest?
A 600 reduction was made in the open interest. We have two ways to interpret this. 800 new shorts were added after 1,400 old shorts closed out.
What is Open interest?The entire amount of outstanding derivative contracts that haven't been settled is referred to as open interest. A futures contract must have a seller for every buyer. A contract is said to be "open" from the moment the buyer or seller opens it until the other party shuts it. The total number of futures contracts that market participants owned at the close of trade is known as open interest. It serves as a gauge for assessing market mood and the tenacity of price patterns.The quantity of active contracts is called open interest. Just before reaching the delivery month, many traders close off their positions. The open interest decreases because of this in the month before the delivery month. A 600 reduction was made in the open interest. We have two ways to interpret this. 800 new shorts were added after 1,400 old shorts closed out. Second, 600 new long positions were opened up after 1,200 old ones closed out.To learn more about Open interest refer to:
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which of the following statements are true? multiple select question. in practice, most companies base their predetermined overhead rates on the allocation base at capacity. too much fixed overhead may be applied to products when the predetermined overhead rate is based on estimated activity. when overhead is based on estimated activity, units produced must shoulder the cost of unused capacity. when predetermined overhead rates are based on capacity, unit product costs fluctuate depending on activity.
The following statements are true:
In practice, most companies base their predetermined overhead rates on the allocation base at capacity.Too much fixed overhead may be applied to products when the predetermined overhead rate is based on estimated activity.When predetermined overhead rates are based on capacity, unit product costs fluctuate depending on activity.What are over head predetermined rates?Overhead predetermined rates are estimates of the indirect costs associated with producing goods or providing services. These indirect costs, also known as overhead costs, are not directly traceable to specific units of production but are incurred as part of the overall production process. Examples of overhead costs include rent, utilities, property taxes, depreciation, and insurance.
Explanation for the above statements.
1. Most companies base their predetermined overhead rates on the allocation base at capacity: This means that companies calculate the predetermined overhead rate based on the maximum capacity of the production process. For example, a company may calculate the predetermined overhead rate based on the maximum hours that its production facility can run in a month, week, or day.
2. Too much fixed overhead may be applied to products when the predetermined overhead rate is based on estimated activity: If the predetermined overhead rate is based on estimated activity, the rate may not reflect actual production levels. This can result in too much fixed overhead being applied to the products being produced, leading to an overstated cost for each unit produced.
3. Predetermined overhead rates are based on capacity, unit product costs fluctuate depending on activity: When predetermined overhead rates are based on capacity, the cost per unit produced will fluctuate based on the actual level of production activity. For example, if the company produces at 80% of its capacity, the overhead cost per unit will be lower compared to producing at 100% of capacity. This is because the overhead cost is spread over a larger number of units produced.
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how much money does ted need to invest each month in order to accumulate $10,000 over a five-year period, if he expects to get a return of 5.625 percent per year? multiple choice $148.94 $146.36 $1,787.30 $144.71
Ted needs to invest $146.36 each month to accumulate $10,000 over five years at an expected return of 5.625 percent per year.
To determine the monthly investment amount needed to accumulate $10,000 over 5 years (or 60 months) at a 5.625% annual interest rate, you can use the following formula:
A = P * (1 + r/n)^(nt)
Where:
A = final amount (total savings)
P = initial amount (monthly investment)
r = yearly rate of interest (as a decimal)
n = number of times interest is compounded per year
t = number of years
Substituting the values:
$10,000 = P * (1 + 0.05625/12)^(12 * 5)
Solving for P, you get:
P = $10,000 / (1 + 0.05625/12)^(12 * 5) = $146.36
So, Ted needs to invest $146.36 each month to accumulate $10,000 over five years at an expected return of 5.625 percent per year.
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The correct question is
How much money does ted need to invest each month in order to accumulate $10,000 over a five-year period, if he expects to get a return of 5.625 percent per year?
A) $148.94
B) $146.36
C) $1,787.30
D) $144.71
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4. the junkbuyers company travels from home to home, looking for opportunities to buy items that would otherwise end up with the garbage, but which the company can resell or recycle. which will be larger, the private or the social benefits?
The Junkbuyers Company visits different residences in search of possibilities to perform below tasks.
The extra money paid for the already-discarded goods constitutes the private advantages. In addition, the societal advantages include the reduction of expenditures related to waste management, pollution, environmental degradation, and any other risks involved with the transportation of waste items to landfills or other disposal sites.
Consumer pleasure plus or minus the overall environmental and social costs or benefits is referred to as the marginal social benefit.
Tasks:
purchase goods that would otherwise be discarded with the trash but which the firmcan recycle or resale. Which benefit—private or social—will be greater?Market-based recycling will result in greater social benefits.Learn more about social benefits Visit: brainly.com/question/3951300
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how did the industrial revolution affect economic relationships among nations?
The Industrial Revolution divided the world into advanced and developing worlds, which had an impact on economic connections between states.
Why is it called a revolution?It usually starts with a popular uprising and is violent. When a substantial number of people vote to overthrow an oppressive government, a revolution has taken place. A revolution, which literally means "turning around," modifies the social, financial, and political policies of a country.
What is a revolution and example?The transformation of a nation's political system, frequently accompanied by acts of violence or war: France became a republic after the French Revolution, from monarchy. The nation seemed to be on the verge of revolution. More instances.
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why are the adjustments important to the preparation of the financial statements? (check all that apply.)
Adjustments are important to the preparation of financial statements because they ensure that the statements accurately reflect the financial position and performance of a business.
Financial statements are used by a variety of stakeholders, including investors, creditors, and regulators, to make informed decisions about a company.
The adjustments process involves making changes to the financial data to correct any errors or to reflect the accrual basis of accounting, which recognizes revenue and expenses in the period in which they are earned or incurred, regardless of when payment is received or made.
Some common types of adjustments include:
Accruals: Recognizing expenses or revenues that have been incurred but not yet recorded in the financial statements.
Depreciation: It provides the cost of a long-term asset to a useful life.
Amortization: Similar to depreciation, but applied to intangible assets like patents or copyrights.
Deferrals: Recognizing expenses or revenues that have been incurred or earned in one period but will not be recognized until a future period.
By making these adjustments, financial statements provide a more accurate picture of a company's financial position and performance, allowing stakeholders to make more informed decisions about the company.
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why are the adjustments important to the preparation of the financial statements? (check all that apply)
a) Unadjusted financial statements will always show net income because the expense accounts have not been brought up to date.
b) Adjustments ensure that the revenues earned and expenses incurred during the period are reflected in the income statement
c) Adjustments ensure that the balance sheet reports all of the economic resources the company owns and all of the obligations the company owes
d) Unadjusted financial statements could present a misleading and incomplete picture of the company's financial results.
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(T/F) the minimum wage was established at national and state levels as the lowest legal wage that can be paid to the majority of workers.
The minimum wage was established at national and state levels as the lowest legal wage that can be paid to most workers. - True
The term "minimum wage" refers to the lowest amount of compensation that an employer is obligated to pay employees for services rendered during a specific time period and that cannot be decreased by a collective bargaining agreement or an individual contract. The legal minimum compensation that must be given to the majority of workers is known as the minimum wage.
It was created to guarantee that workers are paid at least a minimal standard of living and is set both at the national and state levels in many nations. The minimum wage can change depending on elements including the cost of living, the state of the economy, and political considerations. The minimum wage is intended to safeguard employees and guarantee they receive a fair and appropriate salary in exchange for their labour.
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using suppliers outside of the company to provide materials to make goods and services is called _____.
Outsourcing is the process of contracting a third party from outside a business to carry out tasks or produce commodities that were previously done internally by the business's own staff and employees.
What does sourcing products and services from different countries mean?In order to benefit from regional variations in the price and calibre of production inputs like land, labour, and capital, goods and services are increasingly being sourced from all over the world. This practise is known as globalization of production.
What is outsourcing's primary goal?By outsourcing, you can still give your consumers the high-caliber service they've come to expect from their favourite brands while freeing up time and resources to concentrate on other areas of your business. Despite all the benefits, outsourcing is commonly done in order to run a profitable business model.
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handbags plus, a handbag manufacturer and retailer, produces a misleading magazine advertisement, which shows that a particular handbag is made of 100% genuine leather when it is actually a mixture of leather and faux leather. a consumer organization, a group that protects consumers from corporate exploitation, files a complaint with a federal institution which in turn issues an order prohibiting handbags plus from making such false statements about its products. this instance of regulation on advertising about consumer products is an example of a limitation on .
This instance of regulation on advertising about consumer products is an example of a limitation on commercial speech. Option (D) is correct.
What is Commercial speech?Commercial speech is a type of protected communication under the First Amendment, but it does not have the same level of free speech protection as noncommercial speech, such as political speech.
There is a limited right to engage in commercial speech. Such expressions invariably involve third parties who act in response to the speech. The government regulates commercial speech because it has the potential to harm society's overall welfare. The limitation on commercial speech regulation is that the government must have a compelling state interest to justify the restriction.
Therefore, Option (D) is correct.
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Your question is incomplete, the complete question is;
Handbags Plus, a handbag manufacturer and retailer, produces a misleading magazine advertisement, which shows that a particular handbag is made of 100% genuine leather when it is actually a mixture of leather and faux leather. A consumer organization, a group that protects consumers from corporate exploitation, files a complaint with a federal institution which in turn issues an order prohibiting Handbags Plus from making such false statements about its products. This instance of regulation on advertising about consumer products is an example of a limitation on ________.
A) the right to compensation for a taking
B) freedom of the press
C) freedom of establishment of religion
D) the right to free exercise of religion
E) commercial speech
a process that is a goal-directed problem solving activity informed by intended use, target domain, materials, cost, and feasibility is also know as:
Interaction Design is a process that is a goal-directed practice for solving problems that are driven by the intended use, destination address, materials, cost, and sustainability.
What is Interaction Design?
Interaction Design (IxD) is the method of producing interactive products and services in which the creator analyzes not only the final product but also how consumers will interact with it. Thus, careful evaluation of users' needs, limitations, settings, etc. enables designers to customize the output to meet particular criteria. As you might already be aware, interaction design and UX design have a lot in common. After all, UX design aims to influence the way a user interacts with a product, a significant portion of that interaction involves the user and the product.
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in what area does the difference between innovation and invention lie?
An innovation entails improving an existing idea, but an invention occurs when you develop a completely new idea.
What makes for an effective innovation example?In place of conventional materials, Lego has started employing biodegradable oil-based plastics to make its recognisable bricks. Some other example of innovation is the ongoing development of new batteries with increased range, much as the first electric vehicles that hit the automobile industry.
Why is innovation so important?Market share, income, and customer satisfaction all increase when innovation is added to present product lines or company practises. The introduction of new automation technologies and the modernization of the operating systems for the company can both benefit from innovation.
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we use the vris framework to analyze the firm's resources and capabilities. when a resource is assessed to be both valuable and rare, it will . group of answer choices have at least a temporary competitive advantage always have a sustainable competitive advantage be at competitive parity be at a competitive disadvantage
We use the VRIS framework to analyze the firm's resources and capabilities. When a resource is assessed to be both valuable and rare, it will have at least a temporary competitive advantage.
Analyzing a company's global environment is done in order to evaluate it.The evaluation of market dangers and opportunities is the main justification for comprehending and analyzing the firm's external environment. These risks and opportunities are known to affect a company's growth, profitability, and volatility.
Which of the following would be a solid justification for the value of a resource or capability?The ability or resource allows the business to cater to consumer needs. The concept of "differentiation" or "low cost" is implicit in our comprehension of client desires.
When a resource or capability is precious, scarce, and difficult to duplicate, and the company is set up to take advantage of it, the company may obtain?A company with important, hard-to-find, and expensive to replicate resources may—but not always—achieve lasting competitive advantage. Resources can be difficult to replicate for three reasons, according to Barney: historical circumstances.
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carpenter inc. had a balance of $83,000 in its quality-assurance warranty liability account as of december 31, 2020. in 2021, carpenter's warranty expenditures paid were $448,000. its warranty expense is calculated as 1% of sales. sales in 2021 were $40.3 million. what was the balance in the warranty liability account as of december 31, 2021?
The balance in warranty liability account as of December 31, 2021 is $52,000.
What is warranty liability?A warranty liability is a liability account in which a business records the amount of expected repair or replacement costs for goods that have already been shipped or services that have already been rendered. When it comes to more complicated products that are prone to breaking, this can be serious liability. The warranty responsibility amount is determined using the company's prior history of performing warranty repairs or replacements. Therefore, until the historical rate changes, it would be appropriate to recognise the same amount on new sales if the company suffers a 0.5% historical warranty charge on its sales. Because a warranty is a contingent liability, the person giving it should record a liability and warranty expense along with the sale of goods or services that it is associated with.
Warranty Liability = 97,000 462,000 417,000 <- (41.7M * 1%) 52,000
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A production possibilities frontier that is a straight line is the result of?
a. The opportunity cost is zero,
b. The opportunity cost is constant,
c. The opportunity cost is increasing,
d. The opportunity cost is decreasing.
The end outcome seems to be a production possibility curve frontier that resembles a straight line. Opportunity cost is going up.
The right response is C.
What goes into the business's production?Production is the process of creating anything from components or raw resources. In many other words, manufacturing involves the utilization of inputs to produce an output which appears to be fit for consumption—a good or service with value for a customer or end user.
What function does it serve there in production process?Land is, in general, one of the most important production factors. Some industries place a higher value on land than others.
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Advertisers on a display network can pay through each of the following methods EXCEPT CPM (cost per mille) O CPA (cost per acquisition) O CPC (cost per click) O OCPM (optimized cost per mille)
Advertisers on a display network can pay through each of the following methods except OCPM(optimized cost per mille).
Advertisers on a display network can pay through which methods?Advertisers on a display network can pay through CPM (cost per mille), CPA (cost per acquisition), CPC (cost per click), and OCPM (optimized cost per mille).
These are different methods of charging advertisers for display ads based on different performance metrics, such as impressions, clicks, conversions, or a combination of these metrics.
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Which behavior can help increase savings?
A) buying on credit
B) buying on impulse
C) opening multiple checking accounts
D) using coupons on regular purchases
D. using coupons on regular purchases
calculate the price of a $1,000 face value bond with an 8% annual coupon and 10 years to maturity. assume market rates are 7%.
The answer is 892.91$, it is the price of 1000$ face value bond, with an 8% annual coupon and 10 years to maturity, assuming market rates are 7%.
What do bonds do?An IOU-like debt security called a bond. Bonds are issued by borrowers to attract capital from investors ready to extend a loan to them for a specific period of time. When you purchase a bond, you are making a loan to the issuer, which could be a corporate, government, or municipality.
What do bonds mean for investments?Governments or businesses utilize bonds, commonly referred to as fixed income instruments, to raise money by borrowing from investors. Typically, bonds are issued to raise money for particular projects. In exchange, the bond issuer agrees to repay the investment over a specific time period, plus interest.
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which category of investor will experience the highest reinvestment rate risk? pension fund college endowment fund retirement-age individual investor 25-year-old individual investor
A: "Pension fund" will experience the highest reinvestment rate risk.
Reinvestment rate risk refers to the risk that an investment's future cash flows will need to be reinvested at a lower rate of return than the current rate of return. Pension funds, which typically have long-term investment horizons and are focused on meeting the future pension obligations of their members, will experience the highest reinvestment rate risk.
This is because they may have to reinvest the funds they receive from maturing bonds and other investments into new investments that have lower yields. This can negatively impact their ability to meet their future obligations, leading to a shortfall. Other investors, such as college endowment funds, retirement-age individuals, and 25-year-old individuals, may also experience reinvestment rate risk, but to a lesser extent.
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when a manager needs to make decisions in rapid, continuous, real-time circumstances, the most effective decision-making tool is usually
When a manager needs to make decisions in rapid, continuous, real-time circumstances, the most effective decision-making tool is usually OODA loop.
How does OODA loop theory work?The four-step decision-making process known as the OODA loop (Observe, Orient, Decide, Act) focuses on filtering the information that is available, placing it in its proper context, and swiftly arriving at the decision that is most suitable. It also recognizes that adjustments can be made as additional data become available.
What is the purpose of the OODA loop?The OODA loop encourages decision-makers to critically consider their options, anticipate threats, and eliminate them before they become serious. In practice, the OODA loop is used by businesses to measure their ability to react, with the subsequent goal of continuously reducing or speeding up decision cycles.
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in an interview an economist states, this problem should be of greater concern to the federal government. we can explicitly put this statement in the category of
Normative Economics, According to the normative school of thought, economics should express value judgements and attitudes regarding economic projects, statements, and policies.
What entities make up the federal government?The U.S. Constitution gives Congress, the President, and the Federal courts distinct jurisdiction over the legislative, executive, and judicial parts of the federal government.
What is done by the federal government of India?The parliamentary governmental system in India combines federal and unitary elements. It is an independent, democratic socialist secular republic. The President, who is the country's constitutional leader, receives advice from the Council of Ministers, which would be led by the Prime Minister.
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fragment company is a wholesaler that sells merchandise in large quantities. its catalog indicates a list price of $300 per unit on a particular product and a 40% trade discount is offered for quantity purchases of 50 units or more. the cost of shipping the merchandise is $7 per unit under terms fob shipping point. if a customer purchases 100 units of this product, what is the amount of sales revenue that fragment will record from this sale? (enter the number without a dollar sign or decimal point).
If a customer purchases 100 units of this product then the amount of sales revenue that fragment will record from this sale is $18000.
What is sales revenue?
Sales revenue is the money a business makes from selling products or offering services. Sales and revenue can, and frequently are, used interchangeably to refer to the same thing in accounting. It is significant to remember that revenue does not always equate to money received. One part of sales revenue may be paid in cash, and the other part may be paid on credit using methods like accounts receivable. Either the gross revenue total or the net revenue can be used to represent sales revenue on the income statement. Before any counter-revenue accounts, such as the allowance for sales returns, bad debt expenditure, possible sales discounts, etc., there is gross revenue.
Trade discount =300 * 0.40 = 120
Sales per unit = 300 - 120 = 180
Buyer is responsible for shipping costs;
Total sales: 180 * 100 = 18,000
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all else being equal, which mother is least likely to believe that parents have a right to taxpayer-subsidized center care for their children?
In order to count as the taxpayer's father or mother for the purposes of determining the head of the household filing status, the taxpayer must be eligible to claim an exemption for either parent.
An employer with a higher marginal tax rate will pay less after-tax for an employee's compensation, all else being equal. The employer's after-tax salary cost is the pre-tax cost minus the tax savings from deducting the employee's wage.
The marginal tax rate increases deduction tax savings. With the high marginal tax rate employer's after-tax salary cost is lower since deducting the employee's wage saves more tax.
Exclude rather than defer income. Excluded income is never taxed. Deferred income is taxed in the following year.
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enerally, what factors influence the size of the revenue, protective, consumption, and redistributive effects of a tariff? check all that apply.
The following factors that can influence the size of the revenue are:
The impact of the tariffs on domestic prices.The response of domestic producers and consumers to price changes.In the term of economic and financial accounting, Revenue generally can be defined as the total amount of income generated by the sale of goods or services. Revenue has a relationship related to the company's primary operations. In financial accounting, Revenue also can be called as gross sales. There are several types of revenue methods, such as Completed-Contract method, Installment method, Cost-recoverability method, and also Percentage of completion method.
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a loan in which the payments include interest as well as loan principal.
A loan in which the payments include interest as well as loan principal is called an "amortized loan".
What is amortized loan?An amortized loan is one whose principle is repaid over time, often in equal monthly amounts, in accordance with an amortization schedule. Each loan payment will include a component for principal (the amount borrowed) and a portion for interest.
Short amortization periods result in less interest being paid over time, while longer amortization periods have the opposite effect—more interest is paid over time. Amortization periods can range in length.
The method simply calculates the ratio of debt to principal payments each month until the full debt is paid off; the monthly loan payments do not change from month to month. Mortgages, auto loans, and student loans are a few examples of loans that are frequently amortized.
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which of the following statements is false regarding upstream and downstream costs?multiple choice upstream costs occur before and downstream costs occur after goods are manufactured.product design is an example of an upstream cost.customer service is an example of a downstream cost.both upstream and downstream costs are unnecessary and should be minimized, if not eliminated.
The statement that is false regarding upstream and downstream costs is "both upstream and downstream costs are unnecessary and should be minimized, if not eliminated."
What is upstream cost ?Some examples of upstream costs include raw materials, research and development, and product design. Downstream costs include marketing, advertising, and customer service.
Both upstream and downstream costs are essential to the overall operations of a business and are necessary to bring the product to market and make it accessible to customers. While it is important to minimize costs where possible, it is not feasible to eliminate all costs as they play a vital role in ensuring the success of a business.
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which of the following would most likely shift the production possibilities curve inward? group of answer choices an increase in the production of capital goods technological progress a decrease in the average number of hours worked per week as the labor force chooses to enjoy more leisure time an increase in the number of hours factories are in use
An increase in the number of hours factories are in use would most likely shift the production possibilities curve inward.
How does hours factories affect ?The production possibilities curve would most likely shift inward as the amount of hours that factories are in operation increased. This is because greater utilization of resources, such as labour and capital, leads to more effective resource allocation, which raises production levels. The maximum combination of two commodities that may be produced with the available resources is represented by the production possibilities curve, and a movement inward would mean an increase in the production of both items. On the other hand, if the average number of hours worked each week dropped as people chose to spend more time relaxing, there would be less labour available, which would cause the production possibilities curve to shift outward.To know more about possibilities curve , check out :
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entering new foreign markets requires firms to ascertain foremost how they will attain group of answer choices market share low costs competitive advantage low returns on corporate investments
competitive advantage, market share. A firm may aim to capture the market share on entering the foreign markets and then earning huge profits. But to grow and capture the market in international markets.
What is made up of product units that have only partially finished?Units of manufacturing that are still being worked on and won't be available for sale to clients are referred to as "work in process."Products that have been completed but have not yet been sold to clients are referred to as finished goods.
On the timetable of cost of products sold, which of the above are utilized to determine the cost of commodities that are available for sale?The starting value of inventory together with the price of products purchased equals the cost of the goods that are now on the market.The price of goods sold is the ending worth of inventories less the cost of items that are available for purchase.
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which of the following correctly describe a role played by a member of the estate planning team? accountant: preparation of financial and cash flow statements attorney: preparation of legal documents trust officer: original writing of basic trust instruments to be customized for the client financial planner: coordination of the elements of the plan
Attorney define a role played by a member of the estate planning team: accountant: creation of financial and cash flow statements.
A cash flow is an actual or hypothetical flow of funds. A cash flow is defined by its time t, nominal amount N, currency CCY, and account A; symbolically, CF = CF; a cash flow is used to explain payments that are anticipated to occur in the future, are therefore unknown, and as a result, need to be projected with cash flows (t,N,CCY,A). However, it is common to use the term "cash flow" in a less formal sense to describe payments that enter or exit a business, project, or financial product. Interest rates, value, and liquidity only have tangential connections.
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