The two major approaches used in taxonomic classification of microorganisms that have been isolated and grown in pure culture are termed classical and molecular.
Taxonomic classification is the branch of science that divides and distributes all the living organisms into certain groups in a hierarchical order. Both living and extinct organisms have been classified into those groups, known as taxon. These are: Kingdom, Phylum/Division, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
The molecular approach of taxonomy help in establishing the relations between different organism. It helps in identifying the ancestors as well as evolutionary history of an organism. Various molecular techniques are used for this identification.
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The scientific definition of ______ refers to changes in a species or population over time. systematics genetics evolution biology
The scientific definition of evolution refers to changes in a species or population over time.
Evolution is a long-term process. It may take millions of years and several generation for an evolution to occur. The cause of evolution can be genetic as well as environmental. The evolution is a result of mutation. Evolution generally gives rise to new species, that is different from its ancestral population.
Population is a group of similar type of organisms. These organisms live in the same habitat, require same resources and have same kind of habits. The most essential criteria that defines a population is that the organisms of a population can mate with each other and produce offspring.
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Imagine that, of three species, it is known that species 1 and 3 were separated 10 million years ago, based on geologic measurements. Genetic analysis at a neutral locus indicates that these species differ by 100 substitutions. If there are 10 substitutions separating species 1 and 2, approximately how long ago did these species diverge?.
(C) 1 million years ago is the approximate time that the species diverge. This is because Genetic analysis at a neutral locus indicates that these species differ by 100 substitutions. If there are 10 substitutions separating species 1 and 2.
Divergence in evolutionary biology refers to an evolutionary process in which a population of an inbreeding species splits into two or more descendant species that have progressively diverged in their morphologies and structural characteristics.
The difference between species 1 and 3 is 100 substitutions, and humans split off 10 million years ago. As a result, there will be 10 substitutions in a million years. As a result, 1 million years ago, species 1 and 2, which are divided by 10 substitution, diverged.
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Question correction:
Imagine that, of three species, it is known that species 1 and 3 were separated 10 million years ago, based on geologic measurements. Genetic analysis at a neutral locus indicates that these species differ by 100 substitutions. If there are 10 substitutions separating species 1 and 2, approximately how long ago did these species diverge?
A. 0.1 million years ago
B. 10 million years ago
C. 1 million years ago
D. 100 million years ago
A client is scheduled for elective cardioversion to treat chronic high-rate atrial fibrillation. which finding indicates that further preparation is needed for the procedure?
The finding that the client is wearing a nasal cannula delivering oxygen at 2 L per min needs further preparation for the procedure of electrical cardioversion.
Electrical cardioversion is used to treat various abnormal heart rhythms. Irregular heart rhythms can cause problems like apoplexy, stroke, or even sudden cardiac death. Artrial fibrillation (A-F) is ususally treated with this technique. A-F is a condition in which the atria of the heart shiver instead of producing a rhythm. It thus produces a rapid heartbeat and can cause a risk for apoplexy.
To start with the procedure, electrodes are stuck to the body. Electrical signals are then sent to your heart through these electrodes. Any oxygen from your body is removed before initiating the procedure because oxygen aids combustion and can result in electrical sparks inside the body and can cause flickers.
Patients are usually put on oxygen before the procedure to provide them sufficient amount of oxygen and make them stable for the procedure. Intentionally, Digoxin is kept withheld for 48 hours and food and fluids for 12 hours before the procedure.
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What is shown in the image?
The Flagella are prolongation of the cell used to move on liquid environments. Option A) prokaryote.
What are flagella?The Flagella are mobile prolongation of the cell. They are organs used by bacteria and some eukaryotic cells to propel in a liquid environment. It is an organ with a motion function.
According to the attached definition and classification, we can assume the cell in the image is a lophotrichous bacteria. Option A) prokaryote.
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The difference of a number and 16 is the equal to 45 what is the value of that number? Plss show work and explain
Answer:
So your two numbers are 10 and 25.
Explanation:
Call one of these numbers x and one of them y.
We know x+y = 35
We know x-y = 15
Add y to both sides of the second equation to get x=15 + y
Then plug this into the first equation as x --> (15 + y) + y = 35
This simplifies to 15+2y=35 by adding the y's.
We can subtract 15 from both sides to get 2y=35-15, which is 2y=20. Then divide both sides by 2 to get y=10. This is one of the numbers!
Then plug this back in to either equation above. I'll use the first equation that is x + y = 35. y=10, so x+10=35. subtract 10 from both sides to get x=35-10, so x=25.
11. Molecules that contain coded information and
directions for activities in a cell belong to this
group.
a.
b. lipid
carbohydrate
C.
protein
d. nucleic acid
Answer:
D.nucleic acid is the ans
Explanation:
[^_^]
1 point
Item at position 8
In the southwest deserts it is common to find Mesquite trees. These trees have developed root systems that can reach 150-200 feet below the surface. How are deep roots an adaptation for surviving desert ecosystems?
In the southwest deserts it is common to find Mesquite trees. These trees have developed root systems that can reach 150-200 feet below the surface. Deep roots are capable of reaching water far beneath the surface.
What are Mesquite trees?A deciduous tree that thrives in dry conditions is the mesquite tree. Its native areas are the Southwest of the United States, India, the Middle East, Africa, and South America. Actually, there are more than 40 different species of mesquite trees in the Prosopis genus.
How does mesquite trees survive the arid conditions of the deserts?As mesquite trees have deeper roots than other desert plants, they can reach down to forty feet in the soil to find water and survive desert conditions, while other plants die.
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Why would henry's eating and sleeping patterns inform the doctor about his peripheral nervous system?
1. Remember the peripheral nervous system branch Parasympathetic is involved in functions such as "rest and digest".
2. Cranial and spinal nerve sensory input-->is the infant successfully sleeping or drowsing following food intake?--> Mostly cranial nerve motor output
3. Yes-->all of the above is normal
4. No--> Any of the above could be malfunctioning
What is the peripheral nervous system?
Parts of the nervous system that are not located in the brain and spinal cord are referred to as the peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nerves, neuromuscular connections, spinal nerves, their roots, and branches are all included. Although the anterior horn cells are officially a component of the central nervous system (CNS), because they are a part of the motor unit, they are occasionally addressed with the peripheral nervous system.
Axons, or bundles of nerve fibers, carry information to and from the central nervous system through the peripheral nervous system. The portion of the nervous system responsible for innervating involuntary bodily parts like the heart, smooth muscles, and glands is known as the autonomic nervous system.
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Which is true about a neuron with a large diameter, myelinated axon as compared to a neuron with a small diameter, unmyelinated axon?
The true statement about a neuron with a large diameter, myelinated axon is that it conducts faster impulses than the small diameter, unmyelinated axon.
A neuron is the nerve cell that conducts signals from the brain to the whole body and vice versa. The structure of the nerve cell comprises of a cell body with the hair-like dendrites emerging from it. One side of the nerve cell has a long axon that ends at the axon terminal.
Myelinated axon is the one that that is covered by myelin sheath all along its length. The sheath is composed of proteins and lipids. The myelinated axon conducts faster signal because the impulses jump upon the sheath rather than covering the whole length of the axon.
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What part of the desmosome attaches cells to each other across intercellular spaces?
Tight junctions desmosome attaches cells to each other across intercellular spaces
Not all junctions between cells produce cytoplasmic connections. Instead, tight junctions create a watertight seal between two adjacent animal cells.
What is a Cell Junction ?A family of cellular structures known as cell junctions (or intercellular bridges) is made up of multiprotein complexes that allow contact or adhesion between adjacent cells or, in animals, between a cell and the extracellular matrix.
Cell junctions connect cells inside tissues and control tissue homeostasis in vital cell functions such as migration, proliferation, and function of the tissue barrier.Occludin, members of the claudin family, JAMs 1-3, cingulin, and linker proteins from the ZO family are all components of tight junctions and are responsible for binding the aforementioned proteins to one another or to the actin cytoskeleton. VASP has been identified as a component of the zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) protein complex in both endothelial and epithelial cells.Learn more about Cell junction here:
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An individual has a low ph of urine and stomach contents. how should these findings be interpreted?
The FIRST line of defense is working
An individual has a low pH of urine and stomach contents. how should these findings be interpreted the FIRST line of defense is working.
What does urine with a low pH mean?A low urine pH could result from: Diabetes-related ketoacidosis Diarrhea. metabolic acidosis, or diabetic ketoacidosis, is the accumulation of too much acid in body fluids. Starvation.What is a typical report from a pee test?Depending on diet, normal readings range from about 5 to 7, with values under 5 being too acidic and those above 7 not being acidic enough. Protein (that is not usually found in urine) Sugar (glucose, that is not usually found in urine) Nitrite (that is not usually found in urine)How do you know if your urine is acidic?Chemical dipstick test: This test includes dipping a piece of litmus paper, which has been specifically treated, into a urine sample.The color of the dipstick will change depending on whether the urine is acidic or alkaline.To learn more about lines of defense visit:
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The process of killing or removing all of the microorganisms in or on a material is called:_______
The process of killing or removing all of the microorganisms in or on a material is called Sterilization.
What is Sterilization?Any procedure known as sterilization eliminates, eliminates, or renders inactive all life forms, particularly microorganisms like fungi, bacteria, spores, and unicellular eukaryotic organisms, as well as other biological agents like prions, that are present in or on a particular surface, object, or fluid. Heat, chemicals, irradiation, high pressure, and filtration are just a few methods for sterilization. Disinfection, sanitization, and pasteurization are different from sterilization in that they lessen rather than completely get rid of any living things or biological agents that might be present. A substance is referred to as sterile or aseptic after sterilization.
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The _____ is a type of regulator protein that binds to a region of dna in the promoter of a gene called the operator and prevents transcription from taking place.
The repressor is a type of regulator protein that binds to a region of DNA in the promoter of a gene called the operator and prevents transcription from taking place.
In the field of science, a regulator protein can be described as a kind of protein that affects the transcription of a gene by having an influence on particular DNA sites. The rate of synthesis of various proteins is controlled by the regulator proteins.
A repressor is a kind of regulator protein that prevents the transcription of a particular gene. When the rate of a protein in the body has reached normal, the transcription of the protein needs to be stopped in order for more protein of that kind to be formed. The repressor binds itself to the operator region for the gene, hence stopping the transcription process until the protein is required again.
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1.1.4 Quiz: The Scientific Process
Question 3 of 10
What is the next step in the scientific method, following data collection?
O A. Forming a hypothesis
OB. Stating the question
OC. Analyzing the data
SUBMIT
The next step is analyzing the data.
Scientists employ the scientific method to study the world in which they live. It may also be used to determine the veracity of any assertion.The first step in the scientific process is to define the issue and formulate a testable hypothesis. Making observations using your five senses and accumulating data can help you find the solution to a scientific inquiry.Making a hypothesis is the second step in the scientific process. An explanation for a group of observations or a response to a scientific enquiry is referred to as a hypothesis.The next step in the scientific process is to create an experiment to test the hypothesis. This entails putting together a materials list and a method, which is a detailed description of how to carry out the experiment.Therefore, option C. is correct.
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A promoter that affects only genes that are on the same piece of dna is referred to as a(n) _____-acting promoter.
A promoter that affects only genes that are on the same piece of DNA is referred to as a cis acting promoter.
What is DNA?Deoxyribonucleic acid, a polymer made of two polynucleotide chains that coil around one another to form a double helix, contains the genetic material required for the growth, development, and reproduction of all recognized organisms as well as a number of viruses. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and DNA are examples of nucleic acids. Along with proteins, lipids, and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides), nucleic acids are one of the four main categories of macromolecules required for all known forms of life.
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Operant conditioning which encompasses blank and blank refers to the process and selectively effects of?
Operant conditioning which encompasses reinforcement and punishment refers to the process and selective effects of consequence on behavior.
Operant conditioning is the process of learning to behave in a way so that rewards can be obtained and at the same time punishments can be avoided. It is used by humans as well as animals.
The main purpose of operant conditioning is to reinforce required behavior by providing a system of reward and removing undesirable behavior by giving punishments.
It can be divided into positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment & negative punishment.
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Glomerular filtration is driven by:___.
a. bulk flow due to capillary hydrostatic pressure
b. active transport
c. diffusion
d. cotransport
Answer:
Glomerular filtration is driven by bulk flow due to capillary hydrostatic pressure
Explanation:
Production of urine starts with glomerular filtration. It refers to the procedure that kidneys utilize to filter extra fluid and trash from the blood further into collecting tubules, allowing the body to remove them. Blood enters the glomerulus, a collection of small blood veins, as it reaches each nephron. Atoms and smaller molecules, debris, and excess fluid water—can pass through the glomerulus' sidewalls and enter the tubule. Protein as well as blood cells, which are bigger molecules, remain in the small blood vessels. While it may come as a surprise to everyone, it is totally common for the blood pressure to change during the course of the day; fortunately, this has no impact on the filtration rate of glomerular. This really is due to the fact that human body can precisely manage it all under normal conditions. So, the correct option is A.
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Smoke arising from the ash of the cigarette or cigar is called blank______, which is higher in many carcinogens than is the firsthand smoke delivered to a smoker's lungs.
Sidestream smoke, which is the smoke that emanates from the ash of the cigarette or cigar, contains more carcinogens than directly smoke does when it enters a smoker's lungs.
What effects do carcinogens have on the body?Chemical compounds, viruses, or even cancer-treating drugs or radiation treatments can all be carcinogens. Different ways exist for carcinogenic compounds to cause cancer. Some carcinogens can cause cancer even when they do not directly cause it. Cancer can also be brought on by prolonged, high-level exposure to carcinogens.Can the lungs of smokers recover?Smoking damages your airways and the tiny air sacs (alveoli) in your lungs, which can lead to lung disease. Along with COPD, smoking causes two lung diseases: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.Smoking cigarettes is the primary cause of lung cancer in most cases.When you stop smoking, your lungs start to repair straight immediately, so stopping sooner rather than later can benefit your general health.learn more about carcinogens here
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Note that common tasks are listed toward the top, and less common tasks are listed toward the bottom. according to o*net, what are common tasks performed by veterinarians? check all that apply. advising animal owners operating equipment treating sick or injured animals feeding and watering farm animals examining animals training animals
Common task such as examine animals to assess their health and diagnose problems,Treat and dress wounds,Perform surgery on animals,Test for and vaccinate against diseases,Operate medical equipment, such as x-ray machines,Advise animal owners about general care, medical conditions, and treatments,Prescribe medication.
Treat unwell or injured animals through prescribing medication, placing bones, dressing wounds, or acting surgery. Inoculate animals towards numerous sicknesses, inclusive of rabies or distemper. Examine animals to come across and decide the character of sicknesses or injuries.
Medical specialists regularly speak approximately the “Standard of Care,” a hard and fast of recommendations that outline the suitable remedy for a selected fitness problem. The fashionable of care is what facilitates make certain that sufferers obtain a comparable primary stage of care regardless of wherein they are treated
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Answer:A,B,C,E
Explanation:Just did It.
The heart has four chambers, but one of them is notably thicker and comprised of the most muscle tissue. which chamber of the human heart is the most muscular and therefore the strongest?
Out of the four chambers, the left ventricle of the human heart is the most muscular and therefore the strongest.
Heart is the organ that circulates blood to the entire body. It is made up of cardiac muscles that regulate its pumping all the time. These are involuntary muscles. The heart has 4 chambers: 2 atriums and 2 ventricles. One side of the heart is involved in the regulation of oxygenated blood while to other side regulates the deoxygenated blood.
The left ventricle of the heart is the major blood pumping chamber. It pumps the oxygenated blood to the complete body. Thus requires very much force and hence this is why it is the most muscular and strongest chamber of the heart.
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in biology Validity refers to what
in biology validity refers to a test measures what it purports to measure.
First, we have to establish the validity of a test score when used for a particular purpose, so that a score may be improperly used for one purpose, but not for anotherSecond, validity is a matter of degree so that we know if validity is sufficient to make use of the test worthwhileThird, we must distinguish between validity n accuracy of norms of a test so that we know if It's possible for a test to have a good validity but have norms that is off the mark. The converse may be also true.Validity is the main extent to which a concept, conclusion or measurement is well-founded and likely corresponds accurately to the real world. The word "legitimate" is derived from the Latin validus, meaning robust. The validity of a size device is the diploma to which the tool measures what it claims to measure.To know more about validity visit :
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Composed principally of amino acids, ______ act as biological catalysts, facilitating metabolic activities of the cell.
Composed principally of amino acids, enzymes act as biological catalysts which facilitate the metabolic activities of the cell.
What are enzymes?Enzymes may be defined as biocatalysts that significantly increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the overall process. It may be thought that all cellular reactions and processes are mediated by enzymes.
Most of the enzymes are proteins which are known as the polymers of amino acids. Due to the presence of amino acids in their structure, enzymes are highly specific. Enzymes significantly exhibit enormous power.
Therefore, composed principally of amino acids, enzymes act as biological catalysts which facilitate the metabolic activities of the cell.
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Political strife, war, and suffering in a country tend to ___________ the rate of psychological disorders in the country.
The correct answer for this question is Increase.
Strikers reported worse levels of mental health and higher levels of irritability, anxiety, and sadness compared to non-strikers. Higher levels of union activity during the strike were linked to increased psychological well-being among strikers.
One of the most significant effects of war is how it affects the mental health of civilians. According to general population studies, the incidence and prevalence of mental diseases have clearly increased. Men suffer less than women. Other vulnerable populations include the elderly, the disabled, and children. Prevalence rates are related to the severity of the trauma and the availability of both physical and emotional assistance. Cultural and religious coping mechanisms are frequently used in developing countries.
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Which phylum of the animal kingdom includes all organisms which possess a spine (backbone)?
Phylum Chordata of the animal kingdom includes all organisms which possess a spine (backbone).
Phylum Chordata includes all the vertebrate organisms, that possess a backbone. They have the organ system level of organization. These are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and coelomate animals. The examples are: lampreys, humans, birds, etc.
Spine is the backbone of an organism. In humans, it is composed of 5 types of bones, that are total 33 in number. The spine is responsible for giving an erect posture and support to the body. The spine begins from the end of the skull and extends till the hip bone.
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The number of grams of carbohydrates, protein, and fat in foods and beverages determines its number of:_________
The number of grams of carbohydrates, protein, and fat in foods and beverages determines its number of calories (i.e., consumed calories).
What do calories mean?The term 'calories' makes reference to energy obtained by consuming foods, which contain different groups of macronutrients.
The three major groups of these macronutrients include carbohydrates, protein, and fat, which provide 4 calories per gram of carbohydrates or proteins, and 9 calories per gram of fats.
In conclusion, the number of grams of carbohydrates, protein, and fat in foods and beverages determines its number of calories (i.e., consumed calories).
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ASAP PLEASE HELP ASAP
1.Alex poured some pond water into three beakers. She then put waterweed into each
beaker. She put the beakers in different places.
i) In which beaker did the waterweed grow best? Give the correct letter.
________
ii) The waterweed in the box changed from dark green to pale yellow. Why did this happen?
2.In the school pond there were lots of water lilies with large leaves covering the surface. There were not many plants growing below the surface. Suggest a reason
for this.
3.In another experiment, Alex put similar pieces of waterweed into two more beakers of pond water. She added fertiliser to one of them. She kept them both by a window.
i) Alex added fertiliser to beaker E. Suggest the results of this experiment.
ii) What do fertilisers contain to help plants grow? Tick the correct box.
1. (i) The waterweed will grow best in beaker A (in normal daylight).
(ii) The waterweed in the box changed from dark green to pale yellow. This happened because the black box blocked the light due to which the waterweed was not able to carry out the process photosynthesis.
2. There were not much plants growing below the surface in the school pond with lots of water lilies in it as the excessive growth of water lilies inhibited the penetration of light in the pond.
3. (i) The waterweed will grow better in beaker E containing pond water and fertilizer.
(ii) Fertilizers contain minerals which help the plants to grow.
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Match each word to It's correct meaning.
1. carbon dioxide
2. respiration
3. saprophyte
chemical process of cells doing
work; breathing
organism that gets its food from
decaying plants or animals
gas given off in animal respiration
that is absorbed from the air by plants in
photosynthesis
Answer:
and
Explanation:
Carbon doioxide-gas given off in animal respiration
that is absorbed from the air by plants in
photosynthesis.
Respiration - chemical process of cells doing
work; breathing.
Saprophyte-organism that gets its food from
decaying plants or animals
The two most commonly used antibiotics for therapy against uncomplicated tuberculosis are?
The two most commonly used antibiotics for therapy against uncomplicated tuberculosis are isoniazid , ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the bacteria that causes tuberculosis (TB). Although the TB germs typically assault the lungs, they can also affect the kidney, spine, and brain.
Not every person who contracts the TB germs gets ill. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a type of bacteria that causes tuberculosis (TB). When a person with active TB disease in their lungs coughs or sneezes, TB bacteria-containing droplets that are ejected are inhaled by the other person. Although TB has the potential to be a serious infection, the correct drugs can cure it.
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why you think rust forms on metal. Then read the lesson to learn the role of chemical reactions in living things.
Answer: I think rust forms on metal because it is exposed to oxygen and which it begins to corrode.
Explanation:
People with sickle-cell trait:____.
a) are heterozygous for the sickle-cell allele.
b) are usually healthy.
c) have increased resistance to malaria.
d) produce normal and abnormal hemoglobin.
The answer is all of the above.
What is sickle-cell trait?
Red blood cells with sickle cell disease are bent rather than spherical because it is an inherited blood ailment. Small blood vessels are blocked by these curved red blood cells. Organ damage and suffering may result from improper blood flow.
Option e (all of the above) is the correct choice.
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