the main function of cristae is to group of answer choices facilitate diffusion of substances into the mitochondria. increase chemical transport in mitochondria. decrease the surface area for chemical reactions. increase the surface area for chemical reactions. supply enzymes for reactions.

Answer: it’s is B

Explanation:

Lactase persistence is the ability of some individuals to produce lactase, an enzyme that breaks down lactose, into adulthood.

The gene responsible for lactase persistence is located on chromosome 2 and is known as the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LCT) gene. Variations in this gene can result in differences in lactase production, with some individuals producing lactase into adulthood and others having a decrease in lactase production after childhood.

Different global hot spots of lactase persistence, such as Europe and Africa, can be caused by different mutations in the LCT gene.

On the other hand, in Africa, lactase persistence is less common, and there are fewer identified lactase persistence alleles. Some studies have suggested that different African populations may have different lactase persistence alleles, including a deletion in the LCT gene that is associated with lactase persistence in some populations.

To learn more about lactase persistence

https://brainly.com/question/14473358

#SPJ4

The Sahel, once home to many grazing animals, is quickly becoming part of the Sahara Desert for all of the following reasons EXCEPT air pollution. The answer is B.

The Sahel is a semi-arid region that spans several countries in Africa, including Chad, Niger, Mali, and Sudan. It is becoming part of the Sahara Desert due to a combination of factors, including over-grazing, over-crowding, and poor land management practices. These factors have led to degradation of the land, reducing the amount of vegetation available for grazing animals and increasing the risk of desertification.

Air pollution is not a direct cause of desertification in the Sahel. However, air pollution can contribute to climate change, which can have indirect impacts on the region by altering precipitation patterns and increasing the frequency of extreme weather events.

Learn more about Air pollution here: https://brainly.com/question/9420026

#SPJ4

The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein aids in the maintenance of salt and water balance on various body surfaces.

Cystic fibrosis occurs when the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein is generated improperly or not at all. By understanding how the protein is produced, scientists have been able to develop treatments that target it and restore its function.

When a protein fails to function properly, chloride, a salt component, becomes trapped in cells. Water cannot hydrate the cellular surface unless chloride moves properly. This causes the mucus that covers the cells to thicken and cling together, causing many of the symptoms associated with cystic fibrosis.

The CFTR protein has 1,480 amino acids. The CFTR protein chain is formed and then folded into a precise 3-D shape. The CFTR protein is fashioned like a tube that travels through the cell's membrane, similar to how a straw goes through the plastic top of a cup.

The CFTR protein is a kind of protein known as an ion channel. An ion channel transports electrically charged atoms or molecules from inside the cell to outside, or from outside the cell to inside. The CFTR ion channel in the lung transports chloride ions from within to outside the cell. The chloride ions exit the cell by passing through the middle of the created tube.

Learn more about Cystic fibrosis at https://brainly.com/question/25129734

#SPJ4

The gene edition that would be more effective and beneficial to your task, is genetic modification.

DNA is inserted into an organism's genome as part of GM technology. New DNA is introduced into plant cells to create a GM plant.

The cells are typically cultured in tissue culture, after which they transform into plants. The modified DNA will be passed along to the seeds that these plants generate.

Therefore, Genetic modification is the gene change that would be more useful and effective for your goal.

To learn more about GMO technologies, visit here:

https://brainly.com/question/20795037

#SPJ1

During prophase I, the pairs of homologous chromosomes come together to form a tetrad or bivalent, which contains four chromatids. Recombination can occur between any two chromatids within this tetrad structure.

Due in great part to the length of time the cell spends in prophase I, meiosis is a sluggish process. The homologous chromosomal pairs unite to produce a tetrad or bivalent, which has four chromatids, during prophase I. Within this tetrad structure, any two chromatids are capable of recombination. Structures called chiasmata, which emerge late in prophase I, can be used to visualise crossovers between homologous chromatids. Chiasmata are necessary for precise meiosis. In fact, cells that are unable to generate chiasmata may be unable to properly segregate their chromosomes during anaphase, leading to the production of aneuploid gametes with an aberrant number of chromosomes.

To know more about Meiosis, click here https://brainly.com/question/2095046

#SPJ4

Muscle contraction is prevented if calcium is not present to modify troponin's shape and remove tropomyosin from these binding sites.

After binding calcium, troponin displaces tropomyosin from the myosin-binding sites on actin (bottom), thereby unblocking it. When troponin is activated, Ca2+ binds to it, causing tropomyosin to move azimuthally around the actin filament, revealing the myosin binding sites and allowing the actin-myosin interaction that causes contraction (5–7). The physiological control of striated muscle contraction depends on troponin and tropomyosin. It is simple to comprehend why troponin is necessary because it attracts calcium ions19) and modifies its shape when exposed to Ca2+.

To know more about Muscle, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/9883108

#SPJ4

In the positive feedback mechanism governing breast feeding, the mammary glands of the breast serve as the effectors.

Effectors are bodily parts that carry out or carry out a response to a stimuli. Effectors are muscles, glands, or organ systems that react to signals from the nervous system or hormones in the context of physiology and anatomy.

When a baby is nursing, the hypothalamus releases the hormone oxytocin in response to the stimulus of the baby sucking on the nipple. The smooth muscle in the mammary glands contracts in response to oxytocin, which aids in milk production. The release of milk prompts the hypothalamus to release more oxytocin, which in turn stimulates the release of more milk. This establishes a constructive feedback loop that aids in ensuring the baby has a sufficient and consistent supply of milk. As a result, the effectors in this process are the mammary glands, which respond to signals from the hypothalamus by making milk.

To know more about effectors, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/14009866

#SPJ4

The flowers produced from the cross between a pink fruit and a white fruit is 1:2:1, where one is red flower, two are heterozygous pink, and one is white flower.

Incomplete dominance is the gene interaction which results from a cross in which each of the two parental contribution is genetically unique and gives rise to the progeny whose phenotype is intermediate of the two parents. Incomplete dominance is also referred as the semi-dominance and partial dominance.

The genotype and phenotype of the offspring when crossing a hybrid form with a pink fruit with a white fruit is 1:2:1 where one is red flower (RR), two are heterozygous pink flowers (Rr), and one is homozygous white flower (rr).

Learn more about Incomplete dominance here:

https://brainly.com/question/14053639

#SPJ1

The one that best describes the action of endocrine disruptors in organisms is: Endocrine disruptors mimic naturally occurring hormones in animals, leading to developmental disorders.

Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that can interfere with the endocrine (hormonal) systems. These chemicals are sometimes also called hormonally active agents or endocrine-disrupting compounds. They can interfere with the synthesis, secretion, transport, binding, action, and even elimination of naturally occurring hormones in the body which are responsible for the development, behavior, fertility, and maintenance of normal cell metabolism.

The interference caused by endocrine disruptors can cause various developmental disorders in the organism, such as cancerous tumors and birth defects.

Learn more about endocrine disruptors at https://brainly.com/question/15832364

#SPJ4

Damage to the prefrontal cortex, an area of the frontal lobe, can lead to a loss of impulse control.

This region of the brain is responsible for higher order functions, such as decision making, planning, and controlling other brain regions. Damage to the prefrontal cortex can be caused by head trauma, stroke, or a medical condition like Alzheimer's disease.

In such cases, a person may experience difficulty making decisions, apathy, and lack of impulse control. In severe cases, this can lead to impulsive and dangerous behavior, such as engaging in risky activities or substance abuse. The loss of impulse control can have a major impact on a person's life, making it difficult to control their behavior and make appropriate decisions.

It is important to seek treatment if you or someone you know is experiencing difficulty controlling their impulses. With the right treatment, it is possible to regain control and improve quality of life.

To learn more about cortex visit:

https://brainly.com/question/8340880

#SPJ4

Winter wheat that got affected by a mutation that prevents the production of the small RNA molecules that affect the flowering will show that its flowers won't appear at all or will appear but late.

Winter wheat is a strain of wheat that is planted in the autumn to germinate. It will develop into young plants but will stay in the vegetative phase during the winter before resuming its growth in early spring.

The thing that makes winter wheat different from spring wheat is that the winter wheat plants are acclimated to the cold temperatures. This acclimation is most likely due to the gradual decrease in daily temperatures during its germinating period.

Attached below is an image of an ear of winter wheat.

Learn more about winter wheat at https://brainly.com/question/28766284

#SPJ4

When neutrophils are young, their nuclei have a band-like structure and are actively antimicrobial.

A lymphocyte is a leukocyte that is frequently present in the blood and lymph and has the features of a sizable nucleus, a cytoplasm that is neutrally stained, and prominent heterochromatin. The immune system of the body includes leukocytes. They support the body's defenses against illness and infection. Granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes, and lymphocytes are different types of leukocytes (T cells and B cells).

The distinctive multilobed nucleus of neutrophils is composed of 3 to 5 lobes connected by thin strands of genetic material. Azurophilic or primary granules, which are abundant and purple in color and contain microbicidal chemicals, are seen in the cytoplasm of neutrophils.

To learn more about neutrophils visit:

brainly.com/question/14531154

#SPJ4

Beta-sheet protein structures can be stabilized by hydrogen bonding between distant residues on the same polypeptide is True.

A typical motif of the typical protein secondary structure is the beta sheet, sometimes known as the "sheet" or "pleated sheet." Beta sheets are made up of beta strands (-strands) that are joined laterally by two or three backbone hydrogen bonds, resulting in a sheet that is typically twisted and pleated. A section of polypeptide chain known as a "-strand" has a backbone that is stretched and is generally 3 to 10 amino acids long. It has been suggested that the supramolecular connection of -sheets contributes to the development of the fibrils and protein aggregates seen in amyloidosis, particularly Alzheimer's disease. By creating intermolecular hydrogen connections between two or more beta strands, beta sheets are created. A beta-strand polypeptide is composed of three to 10 amino acids.

learn more about Beta-sheet Refer:brainly.com/question/27996043

#SPJ4

When plants release water into the atmosphere than it is referred to as transpiration process.

Moisture is transported through plants via transpiration, from roots to small holes on the leaf's underside where it transforms into vapour and is discharged into the atmosphere. Although water is essential to plants, only a small portion of the water absorbed by the roots is utilised for growth and metabolism.

The thin sheet of air that envelops the world is known as the atmosphere. It is composed of a number of gases, including oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxides, dust, and water vapour. It shields us from the sun's damaging rays and sweltering heat.

To learn more about transpiration here

brainly.com/question/13891305

#SPJ4

Alcohol interferes with the growth, maintenance, and repair of the body even though it is an energy source.

However, eating a good diet and being physically active offer far higher health benefits and have received far more attention.

Keep in mind that even modest alcohol consumption is not without risk. Even light drinkers (those who consume no more than one drink per day) have a slight but real elevated risk of certain malignancies, such as esophageal cancer.

To know more about the benefits of alcohol, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/29791203

#SPJ4

Gates respond to all these stimuli except option (d) physical deformation of the plasma membrane. They would occupy if it were spread out across the water's surface was measured by these researchers.

Gorter and Grendel's 1925 lipid bilayer theory sparked curiosity about how crystallographic information and observations of soap bubbles can be used to characterize the bilayer structure of the plasma membrane. In order to confirm or disprove the theory, researchers evaluated membrane thickness. The surface area that a lipid extracted from human red blood cells.

To learn more about plasma membrane click on the given link: brainly.com/question/14015347

#SPJ4

Answer: Chlamydomonas is a simple, unicellular chlorophyte with a pear-shaped morphology and two opposing, anterior flagella that guide this protist toward light sensed by its eyespot. More complex chlorophyte species exhibit haploid gametes and spores that resemble Chlamydomonas.

Explanation:

Answer:

- It's size

- It's habitat

- The lack of characteristics that define members of the plant, animal, and fungal kingdoms.

Explanation: Hope this helps! :)) Mark me Brainliest

The level of protein structure associated with the sequence of amino acids is primary, which is in Option A, as it is the linear sequence of amino acids that make up the polypeptide chain.

The primary structure of protein is made up of only amino acids joined with each other by peptide bonds, and later they are formed the alpha helix and beta pleated sheets among them to form the secondary structure.

Hence, the level of protein structure associated with the sequence of amino acids is primary, which is in Option A, as it is the linear sequence of amino acids that make up the polypeptide chain.

Learn more about the primary structure of a protein here.

https://brainly.com/question/13281045

#SPJ1

Finding hazardous bacteria in or on your body that could be making you unwell is possible with the aid of a bacteria culture test.

You must provide a sample of your blood, urine, skin, or another type of tissue in order to undergo the test. Depending on where the infection appears to reside, a different sample type is required. A test to determine whether you have a bacterial infection is a bacterium culture. Additionally, the test can determine what kind of bacteria caused the infection, which aids in making treatment choices. A medical professional collects a sample of blood, stool, urine, skin, mucus, or spinal fluid for a bacteria culture test.

To more about culture test, click here:

https://brainly.com/question/18334222

#SPJ4

A species of snakes became extinct due to pollution in a river where the snakes once lived. This is an example of a market failure caused by an externality.

An externality is a cost or benefit caused by a producer that is not financially incurred or received by that producer. An externality can be both positive or negative and can stem from either the production or consumption of a good or service. The costs and benefits can be both private—to an individual or an organization—or social, meaning it can affect society as a whole. Almost all externalities are considered to be technical externalities. Technical externalities have an impact on the consumption and production opportunities of unrelated third parties, but the price of consumption does not include the externalities. This exclusion creates a gap between the gain or loss of private individuals and the aggregate gain or loss of society as a whole.

For further learning about externality, refer to the link: https://brainly.com/question/24233609

#SPJ4

b. features of organisms that were once living.

c. interactions between organisms.

What are fossils?

The preserved remains, or traces of remains, of extinct animals, are called fossils. The remains of the organism itself are not fossils! They're stones.

A full organism or only a portion of one can be preserved as a fossil. Leaves, feathers, shells, bones, and shells can all turn into fossils.

Fossils come in a wide range of sizes. Only a microscope can see microfossils. Microfossils include pollen and bacteria. Macrofossils can weigh several tons and measure many meters in length. Petrified trees or dinosaur bones are examples of macrofossils.

Once preserved remains have aged 10,000 years or more, they are considered fossils. From the Archaean Eon, which began over four billion years ago, all the way up to the Holocene Epoch, fossils have been found (which continues today).

To know more about fossils, check out:

https://brainly.com/question/17671106

#SPJ4

Myopia is the visual condition in which eyes are able to see nearer objects clearly while distant objects appear blurry.

Myopia is a frequent eye condition or abnormality in which near vision is clear but distant vision is obscured. Myopia, often known as close or short-sightedness, is the medical term for this ailment.

The retina is the component of the eye that serves as a surface for picture production. In myopia, light rays entering the eyes converge too quickly and are brought to focus before reaching the retina, preventing the image from being produced on the retina.

The structure of the eye triggering myopia might have two defects:

To know more about myopia, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/29060979

#SPJ4

The correct option is D; Species H , Follow each taxon's lineage back in time (towards the base of the tree) until all the lineages meet up to discover the most recent common ancestor of a group of taxa on a phylogenetic tree.

Their most recent shared ancestor is represented by that node.A collection of organisms that contains the most recent common ancestor of all of its members as well as all of the offspring of that most recent common ancestor is said to be monophyletic. A clade is a monophyletic group.

The most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of any group of individuals is the most recent individual from whom all members of the group are directly derived.

Learn more about phylogeny

https://brainly.com/question/1426293

#SPJ4

The aforementioned claim is accurate.  Intramembranous ossification takes place throughout lifetime.

The long bones, clavicles, flat bones, and the skull are created throughout fetal development by a process called intramural ossification, which also takes place when a bone is broken.

In essence, this process dictates how mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into osteoblasts, which later differentiate into osteocytes. Basically, what happens is that the mesenchymal cells start to multiply in response to a stimulation and form a structure called a nidus. Osteocytes, the fundamental building block of bones, are formed as a result of the replication, growth, and specialization of these cells. The mesenchymal cells will modify and adapt in a number of ways in order to lengthen, grow, and finally form the tissue.

To know more about Intramembranous ossification  click here,

https://brainly.com/question/12885340

#SPJ4

Nucleotides, a type of organic molecule, are the building blocks of DNA and RNA.

The four nitrogenous bases found in DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. RNA contains uracil instead of thymine. The genetic material in all known living things is composed of chains of nucleotides. They serve a variety of other purposes in addition to being molecules that transmit energy and serve as messengers. An instruction for the cell's proteins to attach a specific protein to a set of nucleotides specified by the rest of the DNA is given by a codon, which is a set of three nucleotides found in DNA. Special codons are used to specify to the machinery where to stop and start the process. The procedure known as DNA translation converts data from DNA into the language of proteins.

Learn more about ' Nucleotides ' visit here;

https://brainly.com/question/30299889

#SPJ4

The two types of cells in nervous system are neural cells and glial cells.

Neurons: The major nerve cells that carry electrical and chemical messages from the brain to various regions of the body are known as neurons. They are specialized cells with the ability to create, send, and receive electrical signals, which are necessary for communication.

Glial Cells: Non-neuronal cells called glial cells provide crucial supporting roles in the nervous system. They offer physical support, regulate the chemical environment around the neurons, and aid in insulating and protecting the neurons. Glial cells come in a variety of forms, such as microglia, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. The blood-brain barrier is formed by astrocytes, which also serve to keep the right chemistry around neurons.

To know more about nervous system, click here,

brainly.com/question/26348097

#SPJ4

Typically, the substrate and a competitive inhibitor share structural similarities in enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

Competitive enzyme inhibitors compete with the substrate for the enzyme's active site by having a shape that is similar to the substrate molecule. As a result, enzyme-substrate complexes cannot form. As a result, the enzymes may attach to fewer substrate molecules, which slows down the reaction rate.

By introducing more substrate until it reaches a far greater concentration than the inhibitor, competitive inhibition can be entirely reversed. Competitive inhibition research has shed light on distinct enzyme-substrate complexes and the interactions between various groups at the active site.

To learn more about competitive inhibitors visit:

brainly.com/question/14932437

#SPJ4

The given question is incomplete. The complete question is:

A competitive inhibitor of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction

A. always interferes with product release.

B. inhibits to the same extent at all substrate concentrations.

C. cannot bind to the active site.

D. binds to an allosteric site.

E. is usually structurally similar to the substrate.

Energy is not recycled but rather is lost from ecosystems. So, option D is the correct alternative.

In food webs, energy is passed between organisms from producers to consumers. Organisms utilise the energy to accomplish challenging activities.

The majority of the energy in food webs originates from the sun and is converted (processed) into chemical energy by plants during photosynthesis. The breakdown of molecules during plant respiration converts a tiny fraction of this chemical energy directly into heat. Most of the chemical energy that plants store is converted into different forms by a variety of consumers.

In ecosystems, energy is not recycled, and each ecosystem needs a constant supply of energy to survive.

To know more about ecosystems

brainly.com/question/1673533

#SPJ4

It is accurate to say that a child with cystic fibrosis (cf) is given pulmozyme or recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (dnase) (generic name).

Children with streptococcal pharyngitis shouldn't go back to school until they've finished taking antibiotics for 24 hours and the fever has gone down. Children with group A dnase strep pharyngitis who get antibiotics have a lower risk of having long-term effects (acute rheumatic fever).

Children who exhibit croup symptoms and signs should also be evaluated for the medical emergency known as epiglottitis. High fever and the child's poisonous appearance set epiglottitis apart from croup. Children who have epiglottitis will typically drool, have a sore throat, and sit or lean forward.

Learn more about cystic fibrosis Visit: brainly.com/question/25129734

#SPJ4