The flow rate of incoming solar energy, as measured at the top of the atmosphere is called: insolation
The insolation is known as the amount of radiation from the sun's energy that the planet receives. A portion of the energy is absorbed or reflected by the atmosphere and another portion reaches the surface.
The insolation is caused major by:
Solar constantThe angle of the incidence of the sun's ray Duration of the dayThe distance of Earth from sunTransparency of the atmosphereWhat is solar energy?The solar energy is a type of energy whose source is the sun that radiates heat.
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A laser emits light with a frequency of 5.69 x 1014 s-1. the energy of one photon of the radiation from this laser is:_________
A laser emits light with a frequency of 5.69 x 10^14 s-1 then the energy of one photon of the radiation from this laser is 3.7 x 10^(-19).
What is radiation?The energy emission in the form of electromagnetic waves or in the form of moving subatomic particles which are especially high-energy particles which cause ionization is called as the phenomenon of radiation.
Any kind of energy that emanates from a source and moves through space at the speed of light is referred to as radiation. This energy has wave-like qualities and is accompanied by an electric field and a magnetic field.
Here ∨ = 5.69 x 10^(14) s-1
we know E=h∨
where h = 6.626 x 10^(-34) js
putting the value in the formula, we have,
6.626 x 10^(-34) x 5.69 x 10^(-34)
=3.7 x 10^(-19)
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A shopping cart given an initial velocity of 2.0 m/s north undergoes a constant acceleration of 3.0 m/s2 north. what is the distance the cart moved after the first 4.0 s of its motion?
Following the initial 4.0 seconds of travel, the cart moved 32m.
What is an equation of motion?Physicists use equations of motion to describe how a physical system behaves in terms of how its motion changes over time.
The behavior of a physical system is described by the equations of motion in more detail as a collection of mathematical functions expressed in terms of dynamic variables. These variables typically comprise time and spatial coordinates, but they could also have momentum components. The most flexible option is generalized coordinates, which can be any useful variable that is a component of the physical system. In classical mechanics, the functions are defined in a Euclidean space, while curved spaces are used in relativity instead. The equations are the answers to the differential equations describing the motion of the dynamics of the dynamics of a system are known. The amount of motion changes according to the strength of the force and does so in the direction of the force's applied straight line.
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What are some of the limitations of this two-dimensional model of electric fields?
Some limitation of this two-dimensional model of electric fields are
Vectors can only be shown from one particle to another, but we don't see that in this model. We cannot see the object in the "z" direction as we could if it were a three-dimensional model.The direction of the field is taken to be the direction of the force it would exert on a positive test charge.The electric field is radially outward from a positive charge and radially inwards in a negative point charge i.e. not restricted to only two directions.Electric field is the electrical property associated with each point in space when charge in any form is present.
Three dimensional model must be used to find electric field of a particle as it is easy to understand and also provides clear visualization.
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According to einstein’s theory of relativity, what happens to the mass of an object as the object approaches the speed of light?
When an object approaches the speed of light then the he objects mass become infinite.
Einstein theory of relativity is actually fairly simple. It is based on two very simple ideas.
Principle of relativity. Principle of constancy of lightspeed.relativity describes the situation when.
Either body is moved at a speed close to that of the light. Or gravity is very very strong. Or both.in these cases Newtonian theory does not work.
But when the speed are much slower than light. And gravity is not too strong. At that point relativity and Newtonian theory are exactly the same.
the mass of an object becomes infinite as the object approaches the speed of light .
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starting from rest, a cart moves to the right in a straight line along a track. the motion of the cart is represented by the dots shown, recorded at equal time intervals. which of the following best represents the acceleration vectors at the beginning, middle, and end of the motion?
The second option is the correct answer to the question. The complete question is attached
In the beginning, the cart started from rest and moved to the right. The movement represents positive acceleration
In the middle, there is no change in velocity hence no acceleration. This means that the value of acceleration is zero
A the end, the cart had a negative acceleration which brings the cart to rest.
What is acceleration?Acceleration refers to the change in velocity with time. Usually when there is no change in velocity acceleration is zero. The value can also be positive or negative depending on the velocity.
When there is an increase in velocity, the result is positive acceleration but in a situation when there is a decrease in velocity the result is negative acceleration. At the peak pf negative acceleration the result is to put the object accelerating to a stop.
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During the time that a planet is in its period of apparent retrograde motion, _________.
Answer:
The center of the retrograde motion occurs at the planet's opposition which is when it is exactly opposite the Sun.
Explanation:
A solution is prepared by adding 1.43 mol of kcl to 889 g of water. the concentration of kcl is ________ molal.
A solution is prepared by adding 1.43 mol of KCL to 889 g of water. The concentration of KCL is 1.61 molal.
What is molality?Molar concentration, also known as molarity, quantity concentration, or substance concentration, is a unit used to describe the amount of a substance in a solution expressed as a percentage of its volume.
The number of moles per liter, denoted by the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm3 in SI units, is the most often used unit denoting molarity in chemistry. One mol/L of a solution’s concentration is referred to as one molar or 1 M.
Mol of Kcl (potassium chloride) = 1.43
water = 889 g = 0.889kg
Molality = Moles of solute/kilograms of solvent
So, it comes as m = 1.43/0.889 = 1.61 molal
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Please help question in the the picture below.
Answer:
C. Mass and volume
Explanation:
All three chemical elements found on the periodic table will for sure have which of these two characteristics: C. mass and volume.
What is periodic table?Periodic table can be defined as an organized tabular array of all the chemical elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number (number of protons), in rows.
What is a chemical element?A chemical element can be defined as a pure substance that comprises atoms having the same atomic number (number of protons) in its nuclei and as such, it is the primary constituent of matter. Also, a common characteristics for all chemical elements found on the periodic table is mass and volume.
In Chemistry, some examples of a chemical element include the following:
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Complete Question:
A student is asked to describe three random elements found on the periodic table. All three elements will FOR SURE have which of the two following characteristics?
A. similar color and texture
B. shininess and value
C. mass and volume
D. similar boiling and freezing points
For motion along a straight line it ______ possible for speed to be constant while acceleration is not zero.
For motion along a straight line it NOT possible for speed to be constant while acceleration is not zero.
If the acceleration is not zero means that the speed has changed whether to higher (positive acceleration) or lower (negative acceleration) if the object is slowing down.
When the speed is constant, it means that the velocity at the beginning of the motion and the velocity at the ending of the motion are the same.
What is acceleration?It is a physical quantity that indicates the variation of velocity as a function of time, it is expressed in units of distance per time squared e.g.: m/sec2 ; km/h2
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The only substance near earth's surface that is found naturally in the current atmosphere as a solid, liquid, and a gas is:_________
Water is the only substance that is naturally present near the surface of the planet in the current atmosphere as a solid, liquid, and a gas.
What is the atmosphere ?The gaseous mixture that covers the planet is its atmosphere. The Earth's atmosphere contributes to the viability of life. In addition to giving us air to breathe, it protects us from the majority of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, increases the surface temperature of our planet by around 33° C (59° F) due to the greenhouse effect, and mainly eliminates dramatic temperature variations between day and night. There is an atmosphere on each of the other planets in our solar system, but none of them has the same proportion of gasses or layered structure as Earth's atmosphere.
The most prevalent elements are nitrogen and oxygen, which make up about 78% of dry air (N2) and about 21% of it, respectively (O2). Argon, carbon dioxide (CO2), and numerous other gases are also present in the atmosphere, although at considerably smaller concentrations; each makes up less than 1% of the total gas mixture. Water vapor is also present in the atmosphere. Water vapor is present, but its usual concentration is only about 1%. Additionally, there are a lot of tiny liquids and solids "floating" in the atmosphere. The term "aerosols" refers to a group of particles that also includes dust, pollen, spores, salt from sea spray, volcanic ash, smoke, and other substances.
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An object is pulled northward with a force of 10 n and southward with a force of 15 n. the magnitude of the net force on the object is:________
a. 0 n.
b. 5 n.
c. 10 n.
d. 15 n.
The correct option is (b) 5n
As a result, there is a net downward force of 5N operating on the object.
The resultant force is the force that results from adding the vector sums of all the forces operating on an item. The combined action of all the acting forces on the object produces the same effect as the resulting force. When determining the resulting force, the direction of the forces must be taken into account.
Given;
The northward force is Fn = 10N
The southward force is Fs = 15N
Required;
The net force on the mobile phone is Fnet = ?N
The object's weight exerts downward pressure, and upward resistance exerts upward pressure. The vector sum of these two forces will be the net force.
Fnet = Fs - Fn (Considering the direction downward as positive)
Fnet= 15N - 10N
Fnet = 5N
As a result, there is a net downward force of 5 N operating on the object.
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find the electric field of the homogeneously charged cylinder with no holes. derive an algebraic expression for the electric field for a point inside the cylinder, and for a point outside.
The algebraic expression for the electric field for a point
Inside the cylinder, E = σ R / ε[tex]_{0}[/tex] rOutside the cylinder, E = 0We know that,
Φ = Q / ε[tex]_{0}[/tex]
Φ = EA
Q = σ A
where,
Φ = Electric flux
Q = Total charge
ε[tex]_{0}[/tex] = Electric constant
σ = Surface charge density
A = Area
Area of cylinder = 2 π R l
where,
R = Radius of cylinder
l = Length of cylinder
To calculate electric field at a point outside the cylinder, a gaussian surface is considered outside the cylinder with a radius r ( > R ) and length l. The flux on Gaussian cylinder is equal to the charge on surface of the cylinder.
Q = σ 2 π R l
The electric flux on the surface of cylinder is
Φ = σ 2 π R l / ε[tex]_{0}[/tex]
The electric flux on the Gaussian cylinder is
Φ = E 2 π r l
On equating both,
σ 2 π R l / ε[tex]_{0}[/tex] = E 2 π r l
E = σ R / ε[tex]_{0}[/tex] r
This is the equation for electric field at a point outside the cylinder.
To calculate electric field at a point inside the cylinder, a gaussian surface is considered inside the cylinder with a radius r ( < R ) and length l.
E 2 π r l = 0 ( Since there is no flux created inside a closed cylinder )
E = 0
This is the equation for electric field at a point inside the cylinder.
Gauss law states that the total flux outside a closed surface is directly proportional to net charge enclosed by the surface.
Therefore, the algebraic expression for the electric field for a point
Inside the cylinder, E = σ R / ε[tex]_{0}[/tex] rOutside the cylinder, E = 0To know more about Gauss law
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Measuring human impact and comparing it with the biophysical world's carrying capacity is known as:________-
Measuring human impact and comparing it with the biophysical world's carrying capacity is known as Ecological footprint.
What is Ecological footprint?
The Global Footprint Network promotes the ecological footprint as a way to assess how much nature is needed to sustain a certain number of people or an economy. Through an ecological accounting system, it monitors this demand. The accounts compare the biologically productive areas used by people for consumption to the biologically productive areas available in a region or throughout the world (biocapacity, the productive area that can regenerate what people demand from nature). It measures the effects of humans on the environment, to put it briefly.
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The mass of an apple was 84.0 g.
The volume of the apple was 120 cm³.
Calculate the density of the apple.
Give your answer in g/cm³.
A glass tube (open at both ends) of length l is positioned near an audio speaker of frequency f 5 680 hz. for what values of l will the tube resonate with the speaker?
The lowest possible value of the length
L1 = 0.25m
- Second lowest possible value
L2 = 0.45m
- Third lowest possible value
L3 = 0.75
CalculationBefore calculating the length of the resonance tube, we have to first know the wavelength produced by the wave.
Using the expression
v = Foλ
V is the velocity of wave
Fo is the resonance frequency
λ is the wavelength
From the formula,
λ = v/Fo
λ = 343/680
λ = 0.50m
For an open pipe, the first resonant length L1 = λ/2
Second resonant length L2= λ
Third resonant length L3 = 3λ/2
The lowest possible value of the length L1 = 0.50/2
L1 = 0.25m
Second lowest possible value
L2 = 0.50m
Third lowest possible value
L3 = 3(0.50)/2
L3 = 0.75m
Hence, for values of 0.25,0.50 and 0.75, the tube resonates with the speaker.
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Suppose you add two vectors a and b. what angle between them produces the result with the greatest magnitude?
The angle to find the magnitude of the resultant force of two vectors 90 DEG.
What is magnitude?Greatness by and large alludes to the amount or distance. According to the development, we can associate extent with the size and speed of the article while voyaging. The size of the item or the sum is its greatness. Like in the event of speed, a vehicle is voyaging quicker than a motorbike. Size alludes to the evaluating of the splendor of stars, the first being the most brilliant. It has been moved to different issues since basically the seventeenth century. Magnitude for the most part alludes to the amount or distance. Corresponding to the development, we can connect greatness with the size and speed of the item while voyaging. The size of the item or the sum is its greatness. Like in the event of speed, a vehicle is voyaging quicker than a motorbike.
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When the electron in h is in the 1st excited state the energy range for range 2 is?
For electron in 1st excited state of H the energy range for range 2 is 1.9eV-3.4eV
Why are photons emitted?The excited state of an atom is typically not the most stable state. There is a chance that an electron will drop spontaneously from one excited state to one with a lower (more negative) energy level. An electron releases the extra energy, which is positive, when it moves from one level to another by emitting a photon
What are the three groups for first excited state of hydrogen where the photon interacts with hydrogen?The various groups are
1)Range 1: 0eV to 1.8eV
2)Range 2: 1.9eV to 2.4eV
3)Range 2:>3.5eV
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If the releases 39.4 kj of energy, how many kilocalories does it release? (1 cal = 4.184 j) (round off answer to 2 decimal place
By using unit conversion, the energy released in kilocalories is 9.42 kcal.
We need to know about unit conversion to solve this problem. There are several energy units which able to explain how much the energy is such as calories and joule. The energy unit can be converted to another unit by unit conversion. The unit conversion of calorie to joule is
1 cal = 4.184 joule
From the question above, we know that
E = 39.4 kJ
By using the unit conversion, we can convert the energy into calorie
E = 39.4 kJ
E = 39.4 x 10³ J
E = 39.4 x 10³ / 4.184 cal
E = 9.42 x 10³ cal
E = 9.42 x 10³ /10³ kcal
E = 9.42 kcal
Hence, the energy released in kilocalories is 9.42 kcal.
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If earth experienced an iron shortage, where could astronomers direct cosmic mining equipment to find more?
a.
the cores of the other terrestrial planets
b.
the rings of saturn and uranus
c.
the surface of the martian moons
d.
the atmosphere of jupiter
More iron could be found from the cores of the other terrestrial planets. Option A
What is iron?Iron is one of the elements that could be found on earth. This element is present in abundant amounts in the earth's core and ranks as the fourth most abundant element in the core of the earth.
The earth has a lot more deposit of iron in it. We know that earth lies at the center of the solar system for the sole reason that it is habitable. No other planet in the solar system is habitable though efforts are underway to make the other planets equally habitable.
Iron can also be found in the cores of other terrestrial planets but the amounts may be less than the amount of iron that is found on earth. As such, If earth experienced an iron shortage, astronomers could direct cosmic mining equipment to the cores of the other terrestrial planets find more.
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determination of the size of molecule using oil drop experiment
Measurement of molecule size using an oil drop experiment
The volume of a tiny oil drop is determined by finding its radius, or r. Now that the oil drop is on the water's surface, it spreads out into an approximately circular region with a height h and radius R. The patch's diameter is determined, and from there, the radius R is calculated.
Up until the oil forms a monolayer, the oil drop expands, pushing the powder aside to form a clean circle. The thickness of the monolayer, which is the height of the oil drop molecule on the water, can be calculated by measuring the area of the monolayer and dividing the volume of the drop by that area.
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How does the interaction of a nonelectrolyte and water differ from the interaction of an electrolyte and water? give examples of each.
The interaction of a nonelectrolyte and water differs from the interaction of an electrolyte and water because nonelectrolytes do not conduct current while electrolytes can conduct current.
The solution that does not let the current pass through any state either liquid or molten is called nonelectrolyte.
For example, sugar and alcohol are nonelectrolytes.
On the contrary, electrolytes are those mediums, compounds, or substances that allow electric charges to pass through them.
In this way they conduct electricity.
For example, when an ionic substance dissolved in water forms an ionic solution it let the current pass through such as NaCl, HCl, etc. Sodium chloride dissolves in water forming ions of sodium and chloride ions and making the solution electro conductive.
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A robot used in a pharmacy picks up a medicine bottle at t=0. it accelerates at 0.30 m/s2 for 3.5 s , then travels without acceleration for 74 s and finally decelerates at -0.60 m/s2 for 1.8 s to reach the counter where the pharmacist will take the medicine from the robot.
The force experienced by a unit test charge is a measure of the strength of an electric:
-zone
-field
-sphere
-sector
Answer:
the answer should be field.
a stick is dropped off a cliff what is the sticks intial velocity? Show work
The 88 sectors into which astronomers today divide the celestial sphere (the whole sky) are called:___.
The 88 sectors into which astronomers today divide the celestial sphere (the whole sky) are called constellations.
What is constellations?A constellation is a group of stars that make an imaginary shape in the night sky.
They are usually named after mythological characters, people, animals and objects
Astronomers divided the entire sky into 88 sectors, or constellations; this international system codifies the naming of stars and star patterns that began in prehistoric times.
Thus, the 88 sectors into which astronomers today divide the celestial sphere (the whole sky) are called constellations.
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Both astronomy and astrology study the stars. which one is considered a natural science? explain your reasoning.
Astronomy is a branch of natural science since it focuses on the observation and prediction of celestial occurrences using physical rules. Astrology is a branch of natural science since it involves watching and forecasting celestial events and has an impact on both human affairs and the natural world.
What do astrology and astronomy involve ?Everything in the universe excluding the atmosphere of our planet is covered in the study of astronomy. The Sun, Moon, planets, and stars are examples of celestial objects that humans can view with our unaided eyes. It also includes objects like remote galaxies and tiny particles, which we can only see with the use of telescopes or other devices.
Astrology is a sort of divination that includes predicting events that happen on Earth and in the world of Humans by observing and interpreting the fixed stars, the Sun, the Moon, and the planets.Learn more about Astrology and astronomy here:
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The amount of voltage induced into a conductor moving in a magnetic field depends on the ______.
A measure of how quickly a conductor moves across a field. The voltage induced increased as the conductor moved through the field more quickly. The induced voltage and speed are directly inversely proportional.
When a conductor is moved in a magnetic field, a voltage will be induced on the conductor.?Current can only flow when a circuit is closed or complete, hence, unless the circuit is completed current will not flow
What is Electro-Magnetic Induction?
This a phenomenon whereby a wound wire or a soft core of conductor made to cut across magnetic line of force and an E.M.F is generated, this E.M.F forces current to flow if the circuit is completed.
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Due to radiation and absorption, what is the maximum flame temperature in a fire?
The maximum flame temperature in a fire is 1500-1600K due to radiation and absorption.
What do you mean by radiation and absorption?In physics, matter (usually electrons bound in atoms) absorbs electromagnetic radiation in order to convert the energy of a photon into the internal energy of the absorber (for example, thermal energy). Attenuation, or the steady decrease in light wave intensity as it travels through a medium, is a prominent effect. In some circumstances (optics), the medium's transparency changes by a factor that varies as a function of wave intensity, leading to saturable absorption (or nonlinear absorption), even though the absorption of waves typically does not depend on their intensity (linear absorption).
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One method of estimating the temperature of the center of the sun is based on the assumption that the center consists of gases that have an average molar mass of 2. 00 g/mol. If the density of the center of the sun is 1. 40 g/cm3 at a pressure of 1. 30 x 109 atm, calculate the temperature.
By using ideal gas approximation, the sun's temperature is 2.27 x 10⁷ K.
We need to know about ideal gas to solve this problem. The ideal gas will follow the rule
P . V = n . R . T
where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the amount of substance, R is the ideal gas constant (8.31 J/mol.K) and T is temperature.
From the question above, we know that:
Mr = 2 g/mol
ρ = 1.4 g/cm³
P = 1.3 x 10⁹ atm = 1.32 x 10¹⁴ Pa
m(sun) = 1989 x 10³⁰ g
Find the amount of sun substance
n = m / Mr
n = 1989 x 10³⁰ / 2
n = 994.5 x 10³⁰ mol
Find the volume of sun
V = m/ρ
V = 1989 x 10³⁰ / 1.4
V = 1420.71 x 10³⁰ cm³
V = 1.42 x 10²⁷ m³
By substituting the parameters, we get
P . V = n . R . T
1.32 x 10¹⁴ . 1.42 x 10²⁷ = 994.5 x 10³⁰ . 8.31 . T
T = 2.27 x 10⁷ K
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A space shuttle orbiting earth travels a distance of about 30 miles in 6 seconds. what is the average speed of the space shiuttle in miles per second?
The average speed of the space shuttled in miles per second is 5 miles.
How big is the Space Shuttle?The Space Transport is a resigned, to some degree reusable low Earth orbital rocket framework worked from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. Public Flying and Space Organization as a feature of the Space Transport program. It's true program name was Space Transportation Framework, taken from a 1969 arrangement for an arrangement of reusable rocket where it was the main thing financed for improvement. A completely collected transport is 184 feet tall and weighs 4,500,000 pounds. The cove is 15 feet in breadth and 60 feet in length; sufficiently enormous to fit a school transport or 50,000 pounds of payload. The bus's speed on circle is around 17,500 mph. The bus has three primary components, the orbiter, the twin strong rocket sponsors and the outer tank.
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