Persistent
The condition which is known to have been caused by brain damage that might be moderated or reversed is referred to as persistent type of vegetative state.
What is persistent vegetative state?A coma is a severe or profound condition of unconsciousness, often known as persistent vegetative state. Brain death does not occur in persistent vegetative state. A person who is unconscious yet still conscious is unable to move or react to their surroundings.What is considered to be a persistent vegetative state?According to our definition, a persistent vegetative state is one that develops one month after a traumatic or nontraumatic acute brain damage or that lasts for at least one month in patients with metabolic or degenerative diseases or congenital anomalies.What is the duration of persistent vegetative state?After three months, a persistent vegetative state in adults and children with nontraumatic injuries might be regarded as irreversible; recovery does happen, but it is uncommon and, at best, is accompanied by moderate or severe handicap.To learn more about persistent vegetative state visit:
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If you were working as a vice president of human resources, you would be considered a(n)?
If you were working as a vice president of human resources, then you would be considered a functional manager.
What is a functional manager?A functional manager is an individual who works to solve problems in a company by handling different groups of employees such as the human resources team.
In conclusion, If you were working as a vice president of human resources, then you would be considered a functional manager.
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During chordate evolution, what is the sequence (from earliest to most recent) in which the following structures arose? amniotic egg paired fins jaws limbs/fins with muscle placenta
During chordate evolution the sequence in which the structures arose are paired fins, jaws, limbs/fins with muscle, amniotic egg, and placenta.
An animal belonging to the phylum Chordata is called a chordate, and all chordates have five synapomorphies—or main characteristics—that set them apart from all other species at some time during their larval or adult stages. The notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, endostyle or thyroid, pharyngeal slits, and post tail are among these five synapomorphies. The first of these synapomorphies, the notochord, which is crucial to chordate movement and structure, is where the name chordate originates. Chordates also have a coelom, a circulatory system, are bilaterally symmetric, and show metameric segmentation.
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Which of the following describes what food is used for after it is broken down?
Answer:
All of the above. I think this is the answer.
Igg possesses _______ binding sites for antigen, and the t-cell receptor possesses _______ binding sites for antigen:
2, 1
Igg possesses 2 binding sites for antigen, and the t-cell receptor possesses 1 binding sites for antigen.
How are antigen binding sites are formed?The amino-terminal ends of L and H chains (variable domains) combine to form the antigen binding site. Similar to how the folded domains of the constant regions are formed, the two chains are folded to create globular variable domains, VH and VL.IgG: What Does It Mean?Known as immunoglobulin G, It is an antibody of some sort. Your immune system produces antibodies, which are proteins, to combat pathogens. Your cerebrospinal fluid's levels of IgG are measured using a CSF IgG index. Normally, your cerebrospinal fluid contains very little IgG.What is the role played by IgG in the body?IgG is typically the most prevalent antibody in blood. It guards against infections. Therefore, infections are more likely to affect those with IgG deficiencies. Your body produces unique proteins known as immunoglobulins or antibodies when it senses an attack.When IgG is positive, what happens?The presence of IgG indicates that the infection occurred several weeks to months ago. Additionally, it implies that you might no longer be contagious. IgG suggests that you might have some viral immunity, though you might not.To learn more about IgG visit:
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Which organelles produce lysosomes?
Answer:
Golgi apparatus
Explanation:
Lysosome enzymes are made by proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and enclosed within vesicles by the Golgi apparatus. Lysosomes are formed by budding from the Golgi complex.
A digestive cavity in which food enters an opening at one end and passes through the animal in one direction as it is digested is called the:________
Glycosylated molecules are formed with glycosylated molecules are formed with? carbohydrates. nucleic acids. cholesterol. dna. lysosomes.
cholesterol
Glycosylated molecules are formed with cholesterol (lipids).
Why is glycosylation necessary and what does it entail?A crucial and tightly controlled method of processing secondary proteins inside of cells is glycosylation. It is essential for determining the stability, function, and structure of proteins. Glycosylation is known to alter the way proteins are arranged in three dimensions structurally.Which kinds of proteins have glycosylation?Nearly all studied living things have glycoproteins, which are proteins that have been glycosylated. These include eukaryotes, eubacteria, and archae. From simple single-celled organisms to intricate multicellular ones, eukaryotes have the most variety of creatures that express glycoproteins.What does "glycosylated" mean?Through an enzyme process known as glycosylation, carbohydrates are joined to the protein's structural core. A glycoprotein is a protein that has been glycosylated. N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation are the two most prevalent protein glycosylation processes.To learn more about glycosylated molecule visit:
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The invaginations of the mitochondria, which increase the surface area of the inner membrane, are called.
The invaginations of the mitochondria, which increase the surface area of the inner membrane, are called cristae.
Mitochondria is a double membranous cell organelle. It is also known as the powerhouse of the cell. The reason behind is that mitochondria is associated with the formation of energy for the cell. Mitochondria also consists of its own DNA. Cells like the muscle cells more amount of mitochondria as they require more energy.
Cristae are the finger-like projections of the inner membrane of mitochondria. They are supposed to increase the surface area of the organelle so that more amount of ATP can be produced for the cell. At the membrane is embedded the ATPase that produces the ATP.
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Although not completely proven, some researchers suggest that consumption of large amounts of caffeine can result in cancers of the bladder, ovaries, colon, and kidneys. True or false
Although not completely proven, it's true some researchers suggest that consumption of large amounts of caffeine can result in cancers of the bladder, ovaries, colon, and kidneys.
How caffeine effect body ?The body readily absorbs caffeine, and the short-term effects often manifest between five and thirty minutes after consumption. Increased breathing, heart rate, mental and physical vigor, as well as increased heart rate, are examples of these impacts. The duration of these effects varies from person to person and can reach 12 hours.
As little as 300 milligrams of caffeine, or about four cups of coffee, can raise your risk of experiencing adverse effects like nausea, anxiety, restlessness, and insomnia in adults. Caffeine misuse or excessive use in some individuals can also result in: Headaches. Irritability.
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2. upon being diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver, doctors urge patients to limit the amount of salt intake in their diet to help decrease the rate of scarring. the liver also produces a protein called albumin, which is responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure inside the blood plasma compartment of the body. over time scarring of the liver leads to a decreased production of this protein. when the levels fall, the blood plasma becomes (hypotonic, hypertonic) to the interstitial fluid. due to this osmotic imbalance, the tissues become (hypertonic, hypotonic) which leads to fluid seeping from the legs and feet. (2pt)
Signals are given to the kidneys to retain salt and water in the body when liver cirrhosis gets worse. Due to gravity when standing or sitting, extra salt and water first build up in the tissue beneath the skin of the ankles and legs.
What exactly is liver cirrhosis?Healthy liver tissue is gradually replaced by scar tissue in cirrhosis, a disease. The connective tissue reduces the liver's capacity to process nutrients, hormones, medicines, and naturally occurring pollutants as well as limits blood flow through the liver (poisons). Additionally, it reduces the liver's production of proteins and other chemicals.
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As cirrhosis of the liver becomes severe, signals are sent to the kidneys to retain salt and water within the body. the excess salt and water first accumulate in the tissue beneath the skin of the ankles and legs because of the effect of gravity when standing or sitting.
What is cirrhosis of the liver?
Cirrhosis is a slowly developing disease in which healthy liver tissue is replaced with scar tissue. The animal tissue blocks the flow of blood through the liver and slows the liver's ability to process nutrients, hormones, drugs, and natural toxins (poisons).
It also reduces the assembly of proteins and other substances made by the liver.
How quickly does cirrhosis progress?
Cirrhosis may be a very slow-acting disease. It can take up to 30 years to develop. the quantity of time it takes for cirrhosis to develop depends on a few factors, including the explanation for the cirrhosis, an individual's general health, lifestyle and genetics. Cirrhosis may be a serious condition.
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Prolonged and excessive drinking can shrink the brain most intensely in ________ who have ________ of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.
Prolonged and excessive drinking can shrink the brain most intensely in women who have less of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.
What are enzyme that digests alcohol?
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is an enzyme that aids in the metabolism (processing) of ethanol. The ethanol is transformed by your liver into acetaldehyde, which can harm cells. A different enzyme termed aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) aids in the conversion of hazardous acetaldehyde to harmless acetic acid (vinegar).
Women have less alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), a stomach and liver enzyme that breaks down alcohol, than males do. A woman's body doesn't break down alcohol as effectively as a man's does, so more alcohol enters the bloodstream and her BAC rises.
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When the vasomotor center of our brain wishes to increase blood pressure, it increases ____________ signals causing ______.
When the vasomotor center of our brain wishes to increase blood pressure, it increases the heart rate signals causing The greater contraction of the heart causes more blood vessels to constrict, increasing the blood vessels' resistance.
By speeding the heartbeat, making the heart beat harder, and constricting some blood vessels, the sympathetic nervous system increases blood pressure. This will enhance the vessels' resistance.
What controls blood pressure by the vasomotor center?
The vasomotor center modifies the tone of the vascular smooth muscle. Both the local and systemic blood pressure are impacted by this. The vasomotor center produces increased sympathetic tone when blood pressure lowers. This causes an increase in blood pressure.
How is blood pressure regulated?
The autonomic nervous system has short-term control over blood pressure (ANS). Baroreceptors are capable of detecting changes in blood pressure. These are situated in the carotid sinus and aortic arch. High arterial pressure causes the blood vessel wall to stretch, activating the baroreceptors.
What systems regulate peripheral resistance in the vasomotor center?
The vasomotor center in the tunica media regulates smooth muscle contraction or vessel tone. Circulating output is impacted by changes in peripheral resistance, pressure, and flow. The majority of these neurons are in charge of causing sympathetic neurons to release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine.
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How many different rna molecules can be made by bonding five nucleotides together?
Total 265 RNA molecules can be made by bonding five nucleotides together.
What is RNA?
Full form of RNA is ribonucleic acid and it is a nucleic acid which is found in almost all cells that are living and RNA is mostly similar to DNA but there is one difference between RNA and DNA and the difference is that RNA is single stranded but DNA is double stranded.
The RNA's backbone is made up of phosphate group which is arranged in alternating form and the sugar known as ribose other than the deoxyribose present in DNA. There are four bases found in RNA and these are adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine.
The main function of mRNA is it work as imedieter between protein and DNA which is utilised by ribosome for the process of direct synthesis of protein, and the function of tRNA is to carry the accurate amino acid to the proteins synthesis site which takes place in ribosome.
Therefore, Total 265 RNA molecules can be made by bonding five nucleotides together.
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Secretion of _____________glands are package into vesicles and released by exocytosis.
a. apocrine
b. holocrine
c. merocrine
Answer:
Answer and Explanation: Merocrine secretion delivers the secretory products in membrane-bounded vesicles.
Explanation:
hope it helps:)
What is the phenotypic ratio of the offspring?
Answer:
The phenotypic ratio is the distribution pattern (expressed as a ratio) of the physical characteristics in the offspring obtained after a genetic cross. So, genotypic ratio and phenotypic ratio are the two types of genetic ratios used to express the genotype and the phenotype of offspring from a genetic cross.
Explanation:
This is from biologyonline.com
What organelle showed up as a single, dark circular structure residing inside each cheek cell? is this structure present in elodea (plant) cells as well?
The nucleus shows up as a dark spot in the centre of each cheek cell.
The nucleus is housed in the cytoplasm of a cell; an environment that house the cell functional organelles. The function of the nucleus is to organize DNA into chromosomes via three basic steps known as replication, transcription and translation. The nucleus is surrounded by the nucleoli; a more darkly pigmented spherical structure and a nuclear envelope a double membrane (inner and outer membrane).
The surrounding environment of the nucleus (nucleoli and nuclear envelope) are the site for ribosome assemblage. In cells that produces a large amount of protein, it is easy to site the nucleoli. Cells are either uninuclear or multinuclear that is containing one or more nucleus. The red blood cell is an example of a uninuclear cells while cells in the skeletal muscle are example of multinuclear cells
Elodea's flat, cuboidal leaf cells include a large central vacuole that is encircled by a thin coating of cytoplasm.
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Melissa's child was born with an extra chromosome, resulting in down syndrome. this is an example of:_________
Mutation.
Down syndrome was caused by an extra chromosome that Melissa's child was born with. this is an example of mutation.
What does mutation entail?A mutation is a modification to the DNA sequence of an organism.Errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens, or viral infection can all cause mutations.Describe the Down syndrome.Down syndrome is a genetic condition brought on by an extra chromosome.Chromosomes are distinct "packages" of genes found in the human body.They decide how a baby's body will look and function by controlling how it develops during pregnancy and after delivery.A newborn typically has 46 chromosomes.In newborns with Down syndrome, one of these chromosomes, chromosome 21, contains an extra copy.The medical term for having an extra copy of a chromosome is trisomy.Down syndrome is often referred to as trisomy 21.The newborn may experience difficulties with their mental and physical development because of this extra copy, which modifies how their body and brain develop.Is Down syndrome curable?Down syndrome is incurable. Programs for early intervention can help with skill development.Examples include speech, physical, occupational, and/or educational therapy.Many people with Down syndrome lead happy, fruitful lives with assistance and treatment.To learn more about down's syndrome visit:
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What kind of protein structure is achieved when alpha-helical or beta-pleated regions of the polypeptide chain fold upon one another to produce a compact ball-like, or globular, molecule?
When alpha-helical or beta-pleated sections of the polypeptide chain fold over one another to form a compact ball-like, or globular, molecule, the protein structure is said to be tertiary.
What section of the polypeptide chain results in the formation of the alpha-helix or beta pleated sheets?The bonds that occur between every fourth amino acid in the alpha helix twist the chain of amino acids. The "pleats" in the -pleated sheet are created by hydrogen bonds forming between atoms on the polypeptide chain's backbone.
Beta-Pleated sheets and alpha-Helixes are examples of a protein's secondary structure. Both of them are created by hydrogen bonds between the amino H and carbonyl O of different amino acids.
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What precautions need to be taken in order to euthanize mice by carbon dioxide inhalation while ensuring the least amount of stress to the animals?
Be using a flow rate that moves 30% to 70% more volume through the cage or chamber each minute precautions need to be taken.
Inhale- To breathe in is to inhale. In contrast to "exhale," which is to breathe out, it is the reverse. Through our lips and nostrils, we take air into our lungs when we inhale, and breathe out again.
Lungs- The two spongy, pinkish-gray organs in our chest are our lungs. Air enters our lungs during inhalation, and oxygen from that air travels to our blood during breathing. Additionally, a waste gas called carbon dioxide travels from the blood to the lungs where it is expelled.
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Which neurotransmitter stimulates skeletal muscle cells to contract but slows contractions of the heart?.
The neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle cells to contract but slows contractions of the heart is acetylcholine.
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that are produced inside the neuron and play a role in the nervous system to transmit messages from nerve cells to the targetted cells.
Acetylcholine is synthesized from acetyl-CoA and choline by the cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine stimulates muscle cell contraction by binding to its receptors on muscle fibers which results in the opening of the sodium channels so that sodium ions can enter the cell which eventually results in contraction.
The muscarinic M2 receptors present in the heart slow down the heart rate by decreasing the rate of depolarization. Acetylcholine binds to these receptors and activates them which results in decreased contractions of the heart.
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Consider this animal cell. the organelles in an animal cell are labeled. part f is a network of hollow tubes, flattened sheets, and round sacs. what is the function of the organelles that are labeled f?
Part f is a cisterna i.e a network of hollow tubes, flattened sheets, and round sacs.
What is a cisterna?cisterna is a flattened membrane vesicle found in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
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Part f may be a cisterna i.e a network of hollow tubes, flattened sheets, and round sacs.
Function of organelles:
Organelles are structures that do various jobs inside the cell, help maintain a state of balance within the cell, and keep the cell alive. The organelles of an animal cell include the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, lysosomes, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi body
What is a cisterna?
cisterna is a flattened membrane vesicle found in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
What is in an animal cell?
Nucleus, cell wall , cytoplasm and mitochondria are four cell components that are found in both animal and plant cells.
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which of the following statements about g-protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) is false? group of answer choices the different classes of gpcr ligands (proteins, amino acid derivatives, or fatty acids) bind to receptors with different numbers of transmembrane domains. gpcrs are found in yeast, mice, and humans. gpcrs are the largest family of cell-surface receptors in humans. gpcrs are used in endocrine, paracrine, and neuronal signaling.
The false statement about GPCRs is that (a) the different classes of GPCR ligands (proteins, amino acid derivatives, or fatty acids) bind to receptors with different numbers of transmembrane domains.
GPCRs are the transmembrane receptors that cross the membrane seven times. These are also known as serpentine receptors. These are the largest family of transmembrane receptors. The G-proteins of these receptors can be monomeric or trimeric. The trimeric G proteins consists of three subunit: α, β and γ.
Transmembrane domains are the part of the transmembrane proteins that cross the plasma membrane. The transmembrane domain is mostly α-helical in structure, although β-barrels are also present in rare cases.
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In the origin of life, nucleotides were polymerized to form ______ and amino acids were polymerized to form ______.
In the origin of life, nucleotides were polymerized to form nucleic acids and amino acids were polymerized to form proteins.
What are polymers?Polymers are large chemical substances formed from smaller chemical substances called building blocks or monomers. They are formed by polymerization reactions.
Both nucleic acids and proteins are polymers. While nucleic acids are formed from monomers known as nucleotides, proteins are are polymers formed from amino acids.
Nucleotides are linked by covalent bonds to form nucleic acids while amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form proteins.
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The tendency of water molecules to cling to another substance is called __________________
The tendency of water molecules to cling to another substance is called adhesion.
Imaging filling a bottle with water. When the bottle is filled to the very top, you slowly add a few more drops. You will notice that the water at the top of the bottle forms a dome-like structure before it spills out. This structure is due to the cohesive and adhesive properties of water. Cohesion is the ability of water molecules to stick to one another, and adhesion is the ability of water molecules to cling to other substances.
Water is more likely to cling to other polar substances, that is substances that bear a positive or negative charge. This is because as a polar substance, water molecules have a partial positive charge and a partial negative charge.
Adhesion plays an important role in many biological processes like the movement of water from the roots to the top of trees.
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Marcus often has a burning sensation or pain in his stomach after eating. he often experiences occasional vomiting. he may be suffering from:_____.
Marcus often has a burning sensation or pain in his stomach after eating. he often experiences occasional vomiting. he may be suffering from ulcers.
What is the stomach?Food is digested by the stomach, a J-shaped organ. It generates acids and enzymes, which are molecules that cause chemical reactions (digestive juices). Food is broken down by this mixture of enzymes and digestive juices so that it may move to your small intestine. A portion of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract includes your stomach.
Stomach ulcersA sore that appears on the esophageal, stomach, or small intestine lining.
When stomach acid affects the lining of the digestive tract, ulcers develop. The H bacteria is one of the usual culprits. Pylori and painkillers with anti-inflammatory properties, such as aspirin.
One typical sign is soreness in the upper abdomen. Medication is frequently used as part of treatment to reduce stomach acid production. Antibiotics might be required if a bacterial infection is to blame.
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5 All of the following are examples of solutions expeept?
A Chocolate Milk
B Trail Mix
C Fruit Juice
D Vonilla ice cream.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The term solution is an idea given whereby a solute ( dissolving substance) dissolves in a solvent( dissolving medium eg water)
solute + solvent = solution
As you examine a slide under the microscope, you see multiple cell types surrounded by abundant ecm and protein fibers. You identify this tissue type as __________.
As you examine a slide under the microscope, you see multiple cell types surrounded by abundant ecm and protein fibers. You identify this tissue type as connective tissue.
Tissue that provides structure, support, and protection to other human tissues and organs. Connective tissue not only helps transport nutrients and other substances between tissues and organs, but it also stores fat and helps repair damaged tissue.A gel-like substance that contains fibers and cells. make up the connective tissue. Connective tissue is a series of tissues found throughout the body that maintain the shape of the body and its organs and provide internal cohesion and support.Connective tissue includes bones, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and adipose tissue. It includes more specialized and well-known variations such as and various types of fibrous tissue that differ only in density and cellular structure. Most of the organs in the abdominal cavity are connected to the abdominal wall by a band of membranes called the mesentery.Therefore, the correct answer is connective tissue.
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Which body activity would be most affected in a patient lacks an adequate number of erythrocytes?
Oxygen transport would be most affected in a patient lacks an adequate number of erythrocytes
What is erythrocytes ?Erythrocytes, also referred to as red blood cells, carry oxygen to your body's tissues. As oxygen is converted to energy, carbon dioxide is released by your tissues. Additionally, your red blood cells carry carbon dioxide to your lungs so you can exhale it.
Anemia, or low RBC counts, can impair the body's capacity to circulate oxygen and nutrients throughout the cardiovascular system. It may make you feel drained, woozy, and queasy. Iron deficiency anaemia is the most prevalent type of anaemia. Blood loss, malnutrition, or kidney issues might cause this.Dehydration can be indicated by a high red blood cell count. heart illness. Red blood cells are produced in excess due to the bone marrow condition polycythemia vera.Learn more about Erythrocytes here:
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viruses are specific to a particular host due to their , which is composed of subunits, or the , which is formed from glycoprotein.
Viruses are specific to a particular host due to their capsid, which is composed of protein subunits, or the spike, which is formed from glycoprotein.
Capsid is the coat the encloses the genetic material. The capsid if made up of protein subunits. These subunits are repetitive in nature and are called protomers. The capsid not only protects the genetic material of the virus, but also aids in its transport to the host cell.
Spike proteins are actually glycoproteins that may occur in the dimeric or trimeric form. One single spike protein is referred to as peplomer. The major role of the spike protein is to help the virus enter into the host cell.
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surfactant protein a promoter directs the expression of cre recombinase in brain microvascular endothelial cells of transgenic mice
Surfactant protein a promoter directs the expression of CRE recombinase in brain microvascular endothelial cells of transgenic mice Matrix Biol. Inflammation, tumor metastasis, and wound healing all rely on microvascular Endothelial cells.
Methods for studying these processes in vitro utilizing cells obtained from adult skin, the inner and outer segments of neonatal foreskin, and experimental animals are discussed. The endothelium is a thin membrane that lines the lining of blood protein arteries and the heart. Endothelial cells secrete chemicals that regulate vascular relaxation and contraction, as well as enzymes that regulate blood clotting, immunological function, and platelet adhesion (a whitish substance found in the blood).
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