The Chromosome 18 Inversion
Not all structural rearrangements of chromosomes produce nonviable, impaired, or infertile individuals. In rare instances, such a change can result in the evolution of a new species. In fact, a pericentric inversion in chromosome 18 appears to have contributed to the evolution of humans. This inversion is not present in our closest genetic relatives, the chimpanzees. Humans and chimpanzees differ cytogenetically by pericentric inversions on several chromosomes and by the fusion of two separate chromosomes in chimpanzees that correspond to chromosome two in humans.
The pericentric chromosome 18 inversion is believed to have occurred in early humans following their divergence from a common ancestor with chimpanzees approximately five million years ago. Researchers characterizing this inversion have suggested that approximately 19,000 nucleotide bases were duplicated on 18p, and the duplicated region inverted and reinserted on chromosome 18 of an ancestral human.
A comparison of human and chimpanzee genes in the region of this inversion indicates that two genes—ROCK1 and USP14—that are adjacent on chimpanzee chromosome 17 (which corresponds to human chromosome 18) are more distantly positioned on human chromosome 18. This suggests that one of the inversion breakpoints occurred between these two genes. Interestingly, humans and chimpanzees express USP14 at distinct levels in specific cell types, including cortical cells and fibroblasts. Perhaps the chromosome 18 inversion in an ancestral human repositioned specific genes and reset their expression levels in a useful way. Because both ROCK1 and USP14 encode cellular enzymes, a change in their expression could alter cellular function. It is not known how this inversion contributed to hominid evolution, but it appears to be a significant factor in the divergence of humans from other primates.
According to the passage, which of the following events are believed to have occurred after humans diverged from their common ancestor with chimpanzees?
a. Paracentric inversions occurred at several chromosomes, including human chromosome 18.
b. Two separate chromosomes underwent a pericentric inversion, then fused to form chromosome 2 in humans.
c. 19, 000 nucleotide bases were duplicated, inverted, and reinserted at human chromosome 18.
d. The ROCK1 and USP14 genes were duplicated in early humans, which increased expression of these genes.

Answers

Answer 1

The appropriate response is Early humans duplicated the ROCK1 and USP14 genes, which boosted their expression.

Pericentric inversion refers to the alteration of the normal gene sequence that happens on both sides of the centromere. Each arm of the chromosome has a break point as a result of this inversion. Breakage might happen at two different places.

Human evolution began following chromosomal pericentric inversion. Because of this inversion, humans and chimpanzees no longer share a common ancestor. On the human ancestor's chromosomal number 18, about 19000 nucleotide bases were duplicated, inverted, and then reinserted.

Therefore, alternative is the right response. Early humans duplicated the ROCK1 and USP14 genes, which boosted their expression.

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Related Questions

The number 3 is pointing to what substance?
base
protein
phosphate
sugar
the arrow is pointing to a pentagon

Answers

The number 3 is pointing to sugar. So, the correct option is D.

What is DNA?

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is composed of a sugar, a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group where the combination of these molecules form the building blocks for DNA synthesis.

DNA and RNA are made of nucleotides that are linked together in a chain by chemical bonds called ester bonds between the sugar base of one nucleotide and the phosphate group of an adjacent nucleotide in which the sugar is at the 3' end, and the phosphate is at 5' end.

Thus, the number 3 is pointing to sugar. So, the correct option is D.

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FILL IN THE BLANK the primary role of the undifferentiated _____ cells is to maintain and repair the tissue in which they are found

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the primary role of the undifferentiated  adult stem cells is to maintain and repair the tissue in which they are found.

Undifferentiated cells called adult stem cells are present in the adult body's differentiated tissues including bone marrow and the brain. They have two options: they can specialise to produce the cell types of the tissue of origin or they can continually renew themselves within the body, producing exact duplicates of themselves for the duration of the organism. Blood, bone marrow, the eye, the brain, skeletal muscle, the tooth pulp, the liver, the skin, the lining of the digestive tract, and the pancreas are all sources of adult stem cells. A few adult stem cells may be multipotent, according to studies. It has been shown, for instance, that stem cells from the bone marrow, a mesodermal tissue, can develop into the three main types of brain cells, which are ectodermal descendants.

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what type of selection is this

a. disruptive
b. artifical
c. directionsl
d. stabilizing

Answers

Answer:c

Explanation: math

honors biology test scientific method 25 questions thick leg muscles in dogs inheritance cannot account for

Answers

Option D. Inheritance alone may not account for thick leg muscles in dogs.

The conclusion that inheritance alone may not account for thick leg muscles in dogs is based on the data collected, which showed that dogs that lived outdoors had thicker leg muscles than dogs that lived indoors. This suggests that environmental factors, such as exercise, may also play a role in determining the thickness of leg muscles in dogs. It is possible that both genetic and environmental factors interact to determine the thickness of leg muscles in dogs, and that inheritance alone is not sufficient to explain the observed differences.

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The complete Question is:

You hypothesize that thick leg muscles are an inherited trait in dogs. Youcollect data on several dogs, and the data show that dogs that live outdoorshave thicker leg muscles than dogs that live indoors. What should youconclude?

A. Inheritance of thick leg muscles may be associated with coat thickness indogs.

B. Dogs that inherit thick leg muscles may not survive indoors.

C. Dogs with thick leg muscles may require more exercise than dogs withthin leg muscles.

D. Inheritance alone may not account for thick leg muscles in dogs.

select attributes are those attributes that can be discerned only select or use of goods and/or services.

Answers

Experience-based characteristics are those that can only be determined through the selection or application of goods and/or services.

Customers cannot inspect or touch services before making a decision to buy, but they can feel a goods before making a decision to buy.

Competitiveness, also known as competitive advantage, refers to a company's capacity to outperform its rivals in the market.

Maximizing operating profit by adding as much value as possible with resources at hand is the ultimate goal of operational excellence. Study more. Operational excellence's main goal is to maximise operating profit besides generating as much value as possible from the resources at hand. It should be noted that each of the four competitive priorities strengthens and maintains a firm's competitive advantage because they are interconnected.

(___ attributes are those attributes that can be discerned only after purchase or during consumption or use of goods and/or services.)

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which of the following observations about a bacterium would distinguish it from the last eukaryotic common ancestor?

Answers

B. The genome's surrounding structure is not membrane-bound. Cells in prokaryotic organisms lack a nucleus and other organelles. The DNA is found in prokaryotes in the nucleoid.

The two primary groups of prokaryotes are bacteria and archaea, which are thought to have different evolutionary lineages. Prokaryotes often have a simple structure and are small, single-celled organisms. Prokaryotic cells are enclosed by a plasma membrane but lack membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles. Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, which sets them apart from the eukaryotic class of creatures. The genetic makeup of the vast majority of prokaryotes is composed of a single circular DNA molecule, or chromosome.

The complete Question is:

Which of the following observations about a bacterium would distinguish it from the last eukaryotic common ancestor?

a. A double-stranded DNA genome

b. Lack of a membrane-bound structure surrounding the genome

c. Fatty acids in the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane

d. Enclosed by a cell wall

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which statement is accurate regarding the effects of parathyroid hormone on bones for the maintenance of calcium balance? increases bicarbonate and sodium excretion

Answers

Parathyroid hormone PTH works to maintain calcium balance by affecting multiple systems in the body, including bones, kidneys, and the intestines.

Regarding the effects of   Parathyroid hormone PTH on bones, PTH increases the mobilization of calcium from bones into the bloodstream. This helps to raise low blood calcium levels and maintain calcium balance in the body. PTH stimulates the activity of osteoclasts, which are cells responsible for breaking down bone tissue and releasing calcium into the bloodstream.

However, excessive and prolonged PTH secretion can lead to negative effects on bones, such as decreased bone density and increased risk of osteoporosis. This is why maintaining normal PTH levels is important for optimal bone health.

PTH also affects renal (kidney) function and can increase bicarbonate and sodium excretion. This can help to regulate the acid-base balance in the body and maintain normal blood pH levels.

In conclusion, PTH plays a crucial role in maintaining calcium balance in the body by affecting bones, kidneys, and the intestines. However, it is important to maintain normal PTH levels to avoid negative effects on bone health.

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Do we want items to break down fast or slow in landfills and why?

Answers

The slow breakdown of items in landfills is preferred as it reduces the release of harmful gases, conserves landfill space, and has a lower impact on the environment.

Things that degrade too quickly contribute to environmental issues including air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions by releasing methane gas and other hazardous pollutants into the atmosphere. On the other hand, goods that decompose gradually are less likely to generate toxic gases and can be handled better in landfills. Items that degrade too quickly may fill landfills more quickly, necessitating the construction of additional landfills. This can be troublesome since it can be challenging to identify landfill-friendly locations, and landfills can have a negative influence on nearby populations and the environment.

What is a greenhouse gas?

The world warms as a result of greenhouse gases, which are gases in the atmosphere that absorb solar heat. Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and fluorinated gases are the most prevalent greenhouse gases (such as hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride). Human activities including the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial operations all contribute to the production of these gases. These gases accumulate in the atmosphere, causing climate change and global warming.

Greenhouse gases, often known as GHGs, are gases that trap heat in the atmosphere of the earth. Burning fossil fuels for transportation, heat, and power is the main cause of human-related greenhouse gas emissions in the United States.

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Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder in which an individual cannot properly metabolize ____, an amino acid

Answers

When a kid is born with genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU), an uncommon disorder, they are unable to effectively break down the amino acid phenylalanine.

Phenylketonuria, generally known as PKU, is a rare hereditary condition that results in an accumulation of the amino acid phenylalanine in the body. The phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene is altered in PKU. The enzyme required to degrade phenylalanine is produced in part because to this gene. To produce neurotransmitters including adrenaline, norepinephrine, and dopamine, the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase converts phenylalanine to tyrosine. Tyrosine may become an essential amino acid and become deficient if intake is insufficient if the degree of enzymatic block is significant.

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The tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a plant virus that infects a wide range of plants, including tobacco. In order to enter and travel through the cells of a plant, TMV produces a movement protein. This protein helps the virus travel directly between the cytoplasms of interconnected plant cells.Which of the following best predicts how the movement protein modifies plant cells in order to help TMV travel from cell-to-cell?
- The movement protein modifies the plasmodesmata between plant cells.
- The movement protein increases the formation of transport vesicles within plant cells.
- The movement protein modifies the vacuoles within plant cells.
- The movement protein increases the formation of cell walls between plant cells.

Answers

The tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a plant virus that infects a wide range of plants, including tobacco. In order to enter and travel through the cells of a plant, TMV produces a movement protein. This protein helps the virus travel directly between the cytoplasms of interconnected plant cells.The movement protein modifies the plasmodesmata between plant cells.

The Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus species of the genus Tobamovirus that affects a variety of plants, but is particularly harmful to tobacco and other Solanaceae-family plants. The infection results in distinctive leaf mottling and discoloration, similar to "mosaic," as well as other patterns (hence the name). First to be identified was the TMV virus. The destructive effects of a non-bacterial infectious illness on tobacco crops were known as early as the late 19th century, but it wasn't until 1930 that the infectious agent's nature—a virus—was discovered. The pathogen's identity as a virus has just been discovered. W.M. Stanley created a crystal of the virus. The largest synthetic molecule, PG5, which is comparable in size to it, is also synthetic.

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A population of dark-eyed junco birds became established near the California coastline, many miles from the junco's normal habitat in the mixed-coniferous temperate forests in the mountains. Juncos have white outer tail feathers that the males display during aggressive interactions and during courtship displays. Males with more white in their tail are more likely to win aggressive interactions, and females prefer to mate with males with more white in their tails.
Population sizes in the coastal areas have been reasonably large, and there are significant differences between the coastal and the mountain habitats. The coastal habitat is more open (making birds more visible) and has a lower junco density (decreasing intraspecific competition) than the mountain forests. Given this information, which of the following evolutionary mechanisms is the most likely cause of the difference between the coastal and mountain populations?

Answers

If the trait is inherited, the founder effect inside the coastal population will be the most likely initial cause of a difference between the populations.

In terms of genetics, the founder effect is the decrease in genomic variability which happens when a small group of people separates from the a larger population.

A founder effect is the phenomenon that happens when a small population separates from a larger one. No matter what the makeup of the initial population was, the new population will only resemble those who created the smaller, distinct population. When a small portion of a original population establishes a new colony, it has an effect known as the founder effect.

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Drag the tiles to the correct boxes to form correct pairs. Not all tiles will be used.
Match each example given to the type of scientific concept.
law
theory
hypothesis
observation
For every action or force
in nature, there is an equal
and opposite reaction.
arrowBoth
The outer layer of the Earth is
divided into plates that move
due to convection currents
under the surface.
arrowBoth
If the amount of daylight
increases plant growth, then
plants will have higher rates
of growth during the summer.

Answers

Here is the law: there is an equal and opposite reaction to every action, the theory is that the outer layer of the earth is divided into plates, and the hypothesis is that if the amount of daylight increases plant growth, there will be no observation.

What is the significance of the theory and laws?

The theory is the statement that is based upon the experiment, and the theory is the well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, and the law is a statement that describes an observed pattern in nature.

Hence, here is the law: there is an equal and opposite reaction to every action, the theory is that the outer layer of the earth is divided into plates, and the hypothesis is that if the amount of daylight increases plant growth, there will be no observation.

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4. List the five steps identified for the Golgi that proteins go through.

Answers

Golgi apparatus are the organelles which transport, alter, package proteins and lipids in the cell and transfer these in the form of vesicles to in and out of the cell.

What are the functions of golgi apparatus?

Golgi apparatus performs different functions in the cell such as transporting, altering, packing proteins, and lipids to specific locations in and out of the cell. Both the plant and animal cells contain the Golgi apparatus, which is located in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell.

Proteins and other molecules such as vesicles are transported to the Golgi apparatus by packages called as vesicles, which fuses with the outermost cisterna of the organelle, which is known as the cis-face of the Golgi apparatus, and it unloads their content.

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foundational concept 1: biomolecules have unique properties that determine how they contribute to the structure and function of cells, and how they participate in the processes necessary to maintain life.

Answers

1A: The amino acids that make up proteins and how they work

1B: The transfer of genetic data from a gene to a protein

1C: The processes that promote genetic diversity and the transmission of heritable data from one generation to the next

1D: Fuel molecule metabolism and bioenergetics fundamentals

The focus of Structure and Function and Its Constituent Amino Acids is on the intricacy of proteins' structural and functional makeup, which is determined by the order in which their component amino acids are covalently bound.A cell must first translocate information between DNA to mRNA through transcription in order to produce protein molecules. This mRNA is then used as a template voor protein construction during a process known as translation.

(FC1: Biomolecules have unique properties that determine how they contribute to the structure and function of cells and how they participate in the process necessary to maintain life)

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FILL IN THE BLANK when an action potential arrives at an axon terminal, it causes the opening of _______ channels, which triggers fusion of neurotransmitter vesicles with the cell membrane.

Answers

An axon terminal receives an action potential, which opens calcium channels and prompts the unification of neurotransmitter vesicles also with cell membrane.

Voltage-dependent calcium gates open when an action potential occurs the axon terminal because of the depolarization. The neuron discharges neurotransmitters into to the synaptic cleft for 1-2 milliseconds as calcium enters the terminal.An axon terminal receives an action potential, which opens calcium channels and prompts the unification of neurotransmitter vesicles also with cell membrane. Exocytosis is the name for this method of neurotransmitter release. Depolarization of the terminal and the existence of calcium ions (Ca2+) inside the extracellular fluid are both necessary conditions for the neurotransmitter to be released from the presynaptic terminal. Different ions crossing the neuron membrane result in action potentials.

(When an action potential arrives at an axon terminal, it causes the opening of ___ channels, which triggers fusion of neurotransmitter vesicles with the cell membrane.

a. calcium

b. sodium

c. potassium

d. chloride

e. acetylcholine)

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Which statement about thermal energy is true?
Responses

Thermal energy is a measure of the movement of a substance's molecules.

Thermal energy is a measure of a substance's specific heat.

Thermal energy is a measure of a substance's vaporization.

Thermal energy is the same as a substance's temperature.

Answers

Answer:

Option A

Thermal energy is a measure of the movement of a substance's molecules.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

because i took the same test and it was right for me.

how to do this questions​

Answers

The function of the plant tissues are as follows;

Waxy Cuticle - Prevents water damage to the leafPalisade Cells - Transparent to allow light to penetrateAir Spaces - Allows for efficient diffusion of gasesStomata - Oxygen diffuses in and out of the leafGuard Cells - Controls the opening and closing of stomataUpper Mesophyll - photosynthesisXylem - Transports water and mineral ionsPhloem - Transports glucose around the plant

What are some plant tissue and their functions?

Plant tissues are groups of cells in a plant that perform a specific function.

Dermal, vascular, and ground tissue are the three main categories into which they can be divided.

The plant's dermal tissue covers and shields it.

The ground tissue aids in storing water and sugars act as a site for photosynthesis and act as a supporting matrix for the vascular tissue.

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in 1865, a biologist, st. george jackson mivart, constructed an evolutionary tree of existing primate species with many branches based on analysis of spinal columns. but to his dismay, another tree based on limb comparison was quite different. which of the following analyses would be best to include today to determine which tree is more accurate?

Answers

Option A, Incorporating molecular data and DNA sequencing would be the best analysis today to determine the accuracy of Mivart's evolutionary tree of primate species.

In 1865, St. George Jackson Mivart constructed an evolutionary tree of existing primate species based on analysis of spinal columns, but a tree based on limb comparison was quite different. To determine which tree is more accurate today, it is necessary to incorporate more sophisticated and comprehensive data. By comparing the DNA sequences of different primate species, it is possible to construct an evolutionary tree that accurately reflects their evolutionary history, providing a more complete and accurate picture of primate evolution. This information can then be used to better understand the relationships among different primate species and the processes that have shaped their evolution over time.

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The complete Question is:

Which analysis would be best to include today to determine the accuracy of St. George Jackson Mivart's evolutionary tree of existing primate species based on spinal columns and the tree based on limb comparison?

DNA sequencing

Brain structure analysis

Reproductive behavior analysis

Fossil record analysis.

2. Human migration is influenced by social or economic needs. Support this claim with evidence from the case study. ​

Answers

Human migration is driven by a variety of factors such as social and economic needs. The evidence is discussed below:

Social factors such as individuals  migrating in order to be closer to family and friends, or to escape social conflicts and unrest in their home country.

Economic factors forcing individuals  to  migrate so as to  seek better economic opportunities, such as employment or higher wages.

What is Human migration?

Human migration is described as the movement of people from one place to another with intentions of settling, permanently or temporarily, at a new location.

Economic factors occurs in situations of poverty and unemployment in their home country

In conclusion, there is often overlap between social and economic factors forcing an individuals to migrate to a new country to escape poverty and unemployment in their home country, and at the same time be seeking to be closer to family members who have already migrated.

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How does having a large mass and fast rotation affect the gas giant planets?

Answers

The large mass and fast rotation of the planet affect the gas giant planets as these causes day-night cycle and direction of wind on the planet.

What are gas giant planets?

A gas giant planet is a large planet which is mostly composed of helium and hydrogen gases. These planets, include Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn in the solar system. These planets do not have the outer hard surfaces and instead have swirling gases above a solid core.

Fast rotation and large mass causes the day-night cycle which also creates a corresponding cycle of temperature and humidity. The sea level rises and falls twice a day as the planet earth rotates. The tidal range is determined through the combined gravitational pull of the sun and the moon.

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the plasma membrane allows the movement of potassium ions across the membrane while inhibiting the transport of iron. this example demonstrates that the plasma membrane is a(_______ membrane.

Answers

The plasma membrane allows the movement of potassium ions across the membrane while inhibiting the transport of iron. this example demonstrates that the plasma membrane is a semipermeable membrane.

The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane (PM), cytoplasmic membrane, and historically as the plasmalemma, is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment. Other names for the cell membrane include the plasma membrane (PM), cytoplasmic membrane, and plasmalemma.

A cell's defense comes in the form of its plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane. In addition to this, it maintains a consistent environment within the cell. Additionally, that membrane serves a variety of purposes in the body. One of its functions is to transfer nutrients into the cell, while another is to move harmful compounds away from the cell.

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a gene is a segment of dna that produces a functional product, which is usually a(n) _____, or as a unit of heredity that affects an organism's ______.

Answers

A gene is a section of dna that either creates a functional product, often a(n) polypeptide, or functions as a unit of heredity that influences the phenotypic of an organism.

An area of DNA called a gene codes for a useful product (mRNA, tRNA, or rRNA). Most genes code for protein synthesis because the great majority of genes are transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into polypeptides or proteins.

Genes are pieces of genetic data that organisms pass on to future generations. For the creation of proteins that give cells their ability to operate, genes carry coded information. The whole set of genes in an organism is referred to as its genome. There are between 20,000 and 25,000 genes in the human genome.

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All of the following are functions structures of tRNA except (HD-LS3-2)

A.Carries a single type of Amino acids

B.Contains the anticodon

C.There are free in the cytoplasm of the cell

D.they help in the transcription of proteins

Answers

Answer:

AND

Explanation:

D. They help in the transcription of proteins.

tRNA (transfer RNA) is a type of RNA molecule that functions in the process of protein synthesis (translation) by carrying a specific amino acid to the ribosome, where it will be added to the growing polypeptide chain. tRNA molecules contain an anticodon, which is a sequence of three nucleotides that recognizes and pairs with a complementary codon in the messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule during translation. tRNAs do not play a direct role in the transcription of DNA to mRNA, which is the first step in the synthesis of a protein.

The length of human pregnancies from conception to birth varies according to an approximately normal distribution with a mean of 266 days and a standard deviation of 16 days. Use the 68-95- 99.7 Rule to answer the following questions.(a) What percentage of pregnancies last between 250 and 282 days?%(b) What percentage of pregnancies last fewer than 250 days?9%(c) What percentage of pregnancies last between 266 and 298 days?%(d) What percentage of pregnancies last more than 298 days?%(e) What percentage of pregnancies last between 234 and 282 days?0%

Answers

(a) percentage of pregnancies last between 250 and 282 days 68% b) percentage of pregnancies last fewer than 250 days 95% (c) percentage of pregnancies last between 266 and 298 days 83.5% (d) percentage of pregnancies last more than 298 days 95% (e) percentage of pregnancies last between 234 and 282 days 10.56%.

A woman's uterus experiences pregnancy while one or more gestations grow there (womb). More than one child, such as twins, is born during a multiple pregnancy. While assisted reproductive technology methods can also result in pregnancy, sexual activity is typically the way that it happens. Any number of outcomes are possible for pregnancies, including live delivery, miscarriage, forced abortion, and stillbirth. The gestational age, or time since the start of the last menstrual period (LMP), is the normal time frame for childbirth, which typically happens approximately 40 weeks after the LMP. There are little over nine months left. The length is roughly 38 weeks if measured in terms of fertilisation age. According to the definition of pregnancy, which is defined as "the presence of an implanted human embryo or foetus in the uterus," implantation takes place 8–9 days following fertilisation.

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in this transverse section b shows a vertebra. what body directional term would you use when referring to the aorta 'a' as compared to b?ex: a is to b.

Answers

Anterior should be used when referring to the aorta 'A' as compared to B (See Picture). For instance, A is anterior to B.

Imagine cutting the body in half from left to right to identify the anterior. All of the tissue on the front slice is anterior, whereas all of the tissue on the back slice is posterior. In contrast to anterior, posterior describes the body's back. The bodily part is probably a posterior one if it is not depicted in Leonardo da Vinci's design of the Vitruvian man. Since the sole of the foot and the back of the hand aren't seen in the diagram, they are posterior when discussed.

Anterior also refers to the front of the body, making the face and abdomen anterior bodily parts. Anterior is also referred to as anatomical position and anterior-posterior.

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The complete question is:

In this transverse section (See Picture) B shows A vertebra. what body directional term would you use when referring to the aorta 'A' as compared to B? ex: A is ____ to B.

which of the following is not a body segment of the fruit fly embryo? which of the following is not a body segment of the fruit fly embryo? thorax abdomen head antenna

Answers

The following is not a body segment of the fruit fly also called as drosophila embryo: antenna.

The fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) is a commonly used model organism in genetics and developmental biology research. It has a well-defined body plan with three main segments: the head, thorax, and abdomen. These segments are formed during the embryonic development of the fruit fly and each contains specific structures and organs that are important for its survival and reproduction. The head of the fruit fly contains the brain, eyes, and antennae. The thorax contains the wings, legs, and other structures associated with movement and flight. The abdomen contains the digestive system, reproductive organs, and other internal organs. Antennae are structures located on the head that are used for sensing the environment, such as detecting odors and detecting wind direction. They are not considered a body segment of the fruit fly embryo, but rather a specific appendage located on the head.

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The complete question is:

Which of the following is not a body segment of the fruit fly embryo? Which of the following is not a body segment of the fruit fly embryo? (A)thorax

(B)abdomen

(C)head

(D)antenna

. What happens to sunlight when it strikes the Earth......
a) Part is radiated back and part is absorbed
b)
Part is trapped and part is reflected
c) Part is absorbed and part is trapped
d) Part is radiated, part is absorbed, and part is trapped.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

70% of the incoming radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere as well as the Earth's surface while around 30% is reflected back to space and does not heat the surface

by the 10th week of gestation, which of the following statements are true? select all that apply. the placenta has implanted in the lower anterior of the uterus. the formation of all four limbs can be seen. organogenesis has occurred. the heart has been beating for a few weeks. the foramen ovale has closed.

Answers

By the 10th week of gestation, The formation of all four limbs including brain, heart, lungs and hands and legs can be seen.

A significant development occurs in week 10 of pregnancy: the fetus is now the baby instead of an embryo. Simply said, these two phrases describe several developmental stages. The embryonic stage is when the body's major organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs, as well as the arms and legs, are formed. These organs and parts have created, and they are currently growing and developing once you have a fetus.

The baby's arm joints are functioning and cartilage and bones are growing at 10 weeks' gestation. Hair and fingernails are beginning to grow as well. Baby is roughly 1.2 inches long and.14 ounces in weight during week 10 of pregnancy, making it as large as a strawberry. The body length of this 10-week-old fetus will nearly double during the following three weeks.

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bi332 what happens if neuron a releases a neurotransmitter that opens a na channel on neuron b cell body, but neuron a is presynaptically inhibited

Answers

Presynaptic neuron membrane Ca+ channels activate in response to the arrival of an action potential at the presynaptic neuron. Ca+ begins to inflow as a result.

The latter made the vesicles in the presynaptic neurons that contained acetycholine go to the tip of the presynaptic neurons and fuse with the neuronal membrane to release their contents into the synaptic cleft.

Due to the buildup of more sodium ions outside the cell than potassium ions inside the cell while the neuronal membrane is at rest, the resting potential is typically negative.

Because neurons contain so many more potassium leakage channels than sodium leakage channels, potassium ions diffuse out of the cell far more quickly than sodium ions diffuse into the cell.

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marissa has tried to quit smoking several times but ultimately failed because she lost motivation and didn't believe she could succeed. which of the following is most likely to have contributed to her failure?

Answers

Lack of motivation and belief in her ability to succeed is most likely to have contributed to Marissa's failure to quit smoking. Here option C is the correct answer.

Quitting smoking is a challenging process that requires both physical and psychological changes. Motivation and belief in one's ability to succeed are important factors in determining success in quitting smoking.

If a person lacks motivation and does not believe that they can quit, they may not have the necessary drive and determination to overcome the challenges of quitting. This lack of motivation and belief can contribute to a lack of progress in quitting, which can ultimately lead to failure.

In Marissa's case, the lack of motivation and belief in her ability to succeed is most likely the main factor that contributed to her failure in quitting smoking.

Complete question:

Marissa has tried to quit smoking several times but ultimately failed because she lost motivation and didn't believe she could succeed.  Which of the following is most likely to have contributed to Marissa's failure in quitting smoking?

A) Lack of access to nicotine replacement therapy

B) Lack of support from friends and family

C) Lack of motivation and belief in her ability to succeed

D) Presence of triggers and temptations

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