It is True to say that most cells are tiny due to the diffusion of chemicals into and out of cells.
What three forms of diffusion are there?Simple diffusion is the movement of ions or molecules from a high concentration area to a low concentration area.
The moving components in osmosis are water molecules. Through a semi-permeable barrier, they travel from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration.
The passage of hydrophilic ions or molecules over the plasma membrane is known as facilitated diffusion. The distinction is that transport proteins enhance the diffusion.
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A virus is a cellular agent that possesses membrane-bound organelles. True or false
Answer:
it is false because virus destroy the cellular agent.
Many bacteria have overcome the difficulty of iron uptake by secreting low molecular weight iron-binding proteins called?
Answer:
Many bacteria have overcome the difficulty of iron uptake by secreting low-molecular, weight iron-binding proteins called Siderophores.
Explanation:
Siderophores keep a high affinity for iron chelating compounds. They are mostly secreted by microbes like bacteria, fungi, and grasses. Iron is very important for living organisms because of its involvement in many metabolic pathways. The surface iron has been oxidized by the aerobic atmosphere into an insoluble hydroxide polymer and thus the level of free oxygen gets reduced. Thus, microorganisms use such systems for the uptake of sufficient iron. The complexes of siderophores and iron are taken to the cells by the receptors. These are then encoded and in operons by five genes which are then turned off when a sufficient amount of iron is taken to the cell.
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As you examine a slide under the microscope, you see multiple cell types surrounded by abundant ecm and protein fibers. You identify this tissue type as __________.
As you examine a slide under the microscope, you see multiple cell types surrounded by abundant ecm and protein fibers. You identify this tissue type as connective tissue.
Tissue that provides structure, support, and protection to other human tissues and organs. Connective tissue not only helps transport nutrients and other substances between tissues and organs, but it also stores fat and helps repair damaged tissue.A gel-like substance that contains fibers and cells. make up the connective tissue. Connective tissue is a series of tissues found throughout the body that maintain the shape of the body and its organs and provide internal cohesion and support.Connective tissue includes bones, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and adipose tissue. It includes more specialized and well-known variations such as and various types of fibrous tissue that differ only in density and cellular structure. Most of the organs in the abdominal cavity are connected to the abdominal wall by a band of membranes called the mesentery.Therefore, the correct answer is connective tissue.
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What is the sequence of events that occur in order for the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland to release hormones into the blood?
Your body's sophisticated control and coordination center is located in your hypothalamus, a structure deep inside your brain. Its major job is to maintain homeostasis, a constant state of equilibrium in your body. It carries out its function through controlling hormones or by directly affecting your autonomic nervous system.
What are the endocrine cells?The gut's endocrine cells are a significant source of the hormones that regulate metabolism, digestion, and appetite. They are mostly found in two places: islets in the pancreas and sporadic clusters in the mucosal epithelium of the gut.
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Two neurosurgeons were able to reduce seizure activity in epileptic patients by severing the _____.
Two neurosurgeons were able to reduce seizure activity in epileptic patients by severing the: corpus callosum
The epilepsy is a brain disease associated with neurological disorders. Patients suffering from this disease present multiple repetitive and unpredictable seizures that could cause physical damage to the patient.
The general cause of epilepsy may be due to a health condition, an injury affecting the brain, or even an unknown (idiopathic) cause. The followings are common causes of epilepsy:
Stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).Dementia, such as Alzheimer's diseaseTraumatic brain injuryInfections, such as brain abscess, meningitis, encephalitis, and HIV/AIDSBrain problems present at birthBrain tumorOther disease that damages or destroys brain tissueWhat is the corpus callosum?It is the part of the brain that acts like a bridge linking the two cerebral hemispheres.
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Why do humans , bees , and flowers need glucose and not rocks ?
In the origin of life, nucleotides were polymerized to form ______ and amino acids were polymerized to form ______.
In the origin of life, nucleotides were polymerized to form nucleic acids and amino acids were polymerized to form proteins.
What are polymers?Polymers are large chemical substances formed from smaller chemical substances called building blocks or monomers. They are formed by polymerization reactions.
Both nucleic acids and proteins are polymers. While nucleic acids are formed from monomers known as nucleotides, proteins are are polymers formed from amino acids.
Nucleotides are linked by covalent bonds to form nucleic acids while amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds to form proteins.
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for early cells the major source of carbon was and the major fuel for energy was .
For early cells the major source of carbon was CO2 and the major fuel for energy was hydrogen. A fuel cell produces electricity cleanly and efficiently by utilizing the chemical energy of hydrogen or other fuels. When hydrogen is used as a fuel, the only outputs are power, water, and heat.
Most fuel cells are powered by hydrogen, which can be delivered directly into the system or created within the system by reforming hydrogen-rich fuels like methanol, ethanol, and hydrocarbon fuels. Other carbs, lipids, and proteins may be used as an ATP source in specific cells or at specific periods.
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Cardiac muscle contracts as a unit because the electrical activity in the heart spreads over the entire muscle due to____________.
Cardiac muscle contracts as a unit because the electrical activity in the heart spreads over the entire muscle due to gap junctions in intercalated discs.
Heart is formed by a specialized tissue called myocardium. The myocardium is responsible for pumping blood through the heart. It contracts and expands involuntarily in response to electrical impulses from the nervous system. The heart has another tissue that contains pacemaker cells. These cells are responsible for generating electrical impulses. They determine the heart rate by controlling the frequency of pumping up of blood.
The myocardium, as a whole of cardiac muscle, is held together by desmosomes. Desmosomes are another specialized structure found inside the intercalated discs.
Two cardiac muscles are connected by intercalated discs. Intercalated discs have a gap junction inside them which transfers the electrical impulse from one cardiac muscle cell to another.
Therefore, cardiac muscle contracts due to the action of gap junctions inside the intercalated discs.
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Which chemotherapeutic agents require the prescription of mesna (mesnex)?
Cytoprotective (ifosfamide) chemotherapeutic agents require the prescription of mesna (mesnex).
Cytoprotective- Describing a substance or agent that guards against predicted cell harm.
Mesna- When receiving ifosfamide, mesna is used to lower the risk of hemorrhagic cystitis, a disorder that causes bladder inflammation and may result in life-threatening bleeding (a medication used for the treatment of cancer).
Chemotherapeutic- Originally, chemotherapeutic treatments were those used to treat infectious microorganisms, but the word has now been expanded to cover anticancer medications as well. Vincristine, Paclitaxel, and Topotecan are three examples.
Microorganisms- A living thing that can only be observed under a microscope. Protozoa, algae, fungus, and bacteria are all examples of microorganisms.
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To help understand immunostimulant drug therapy, the client has come to the clinic for a class on thrombopoiesis. the nurse explains that the term means the formation of which types of blood cells?
Answer:
Глупый америкос , глупые вопросы задаёт , а мы русские все сами решить можем!
Explanation: Тупой америкос
If you made a change in the promoter sequence in the dna, what would happen at the rna level?.
The RNA polymerase could now no longer be capable of understand and bind the DNA, so no RNA could be made .then RNA polymerase and related transcription elements will now no longer understand the promoter
Promoter sequences outline the path of transcription and imply which DNA strand can be transcribed; this strand is referred to as the feel strand. Many eukaryotic genes have a conserved promoter series known as the TATA box, placed 25 to 35 base pairs upstream of the transcription begin site.
The series of bases in DNA can regulate the shape of proteins. Sections of DNA which feature as genes are transcribed into 'pre-mRNA', then edited and spliced to shape mature messenger RNA.
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The use of mri brain scans has revealed _____ in those who suffer from schizophrenia.
The use of MRI brain scans has revealed enlarged ventricles in those who suffer from schizophrenia.
What is schizophrenia?Schizophrenia is a mental illness characterized by recurrent or ongoing psychotic episodes. Hallucinations (often voice hearing), delusions, and jumbled thinking are among the main symptoms. Other signs include indifference, a reduction in emotional expression, and social disengagement. Young adulthood is the normal time for the onset of symptoms, which frequently never go away. Observed behavior, a history that includes the person's reported experiences, and the accounts of those who are familiar with the person are used to make the diagnosis because there is no objective diagnostic test. If symptoms and functional impairment are present for six months (DSM-5) or one month, schizophrenia can be diagnosed.
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Brain cells that respond to actions performed by someone else by mimicking the action are called?
Brain cells that respond to actions performed by someone else by mimicking the action are called Mirror Neurons.
Mirror Neurons- A type of neuron called a mirror neuron changes its activity when a person performs a certain motor movement and when they see someone else perform the same or a similar task.
Motor Movement- Motor skills include things like extending, bending, catching, and throwing.
Brain cells- The brain's functional tissue is made up of brain cells. The stroma, which contains blood vessels, is the structural or connective portion of the remaining brain tissue. Neurons, also known as nerve cells, and glial cells, sometimes known as neuroglia, are the two primary cell types in the brain.
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The outer layer of cells that will eventually provide nutrition and support for the embryo is called the:____.
The outer layer of cells that will eventually provide nutrition and support for the embryo is called the trophoblast.
During embryonic development, the outer layer of cells that forms early on is called the trophoblast.
The trophoblast plays a crucial role in establishing the connection between the developing embryo and the mother's uterus.
One of the primary functions of the trophoblast is to facilitate implantation.
After fertilization, the fertilized egg, or zygote, undergoes multiple cell divisions, forming a hollow ball of cells known as the blastocyst. The trophoblast is the outer layer of this blastocyst.
Upon reaching the uterus, the trophoblast cells attach to the uterine lining, a process called implantation.
The trophoblast then begins to differentiate into two distinct layers: the syncytiotrophoblast and the.
Thus, the complete sentence is "The outer layer of cells that will eventually provide nutrition and support for the embryo is called the trophoblast."
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surfactant protein a promoter directs the expression of cre recombinase in brain microvascular endothelial cells of transgenic mice
Surfactant protein a promoter directs the expression of CRE recombinase in brain microvascular endothelial cells of transgenic mice Matrix Biol. Inflammation, tumor metastasis, and wound healing all rely on microvascular Endothelial cells.
Methods for studying these processes in vitro utilizing cells obtained from adult skin, the inner and outer segments of neonatal foreskin, and experimental animals are discussed. The endothelium is a thin membrane that lines the lining of blood protein arteries and the heart. Endothelial cells secrete chemicals that regulate vascular relaxation and contraction, as well as enzymes that regulate blood clotting, immunological function, and platelet adhesion (a whitish substance found in the blood).
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What organelle showed up as a single, dark circular structure residing inside each cheek cell? is this structure present in elodea (plant) cells as well?
The nucleus shows up as a dark spot in the centre of each cheek cell.
The nucleus is housed in the cytoplasm of a cell; an environment that house the cell functional organelles. The function of the nucleus is to organize DNA into chromosomes via three basic steps known as replication, transcription and translation. The nucleus is surrounded by the nucleoli; a more darkly pigmented spherical structure and a nuclear envelope a double membrane (inner and outer membrane).
The surrounding environment of the nucleus (nucleoli and nuclear envelope) are the site for ribosome assemblage. In cells that produces a large amount of protein, it is easy to site the nucleoli. Cells are either uninuclear or multinuclear that is containing one or more nucleus. The red blood cell is an example of a uninuclear cells while cells in the skeletal muscle are example of multinuclear cells
Elodea's flat, cuboidal leaf cells include a large central vacuole that is encircled by a thin coating of cytoplasm.
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What are four possible reasons a cell might not be able to create and deliver all the protein it needs
Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can cause alteration in signaling pathways, transcription, translation, and epigenetics is a reason that a cell might not be able to create and deliver all the protein it needs.
Mutation can change the instructions of a gene to not make protein at all. It can also cause a protein to malfunction.
It can change the transcription of a nucleotide sequence from DNA to mRNA.
A lack of amino acids can also be a major reason that a cell might not be able to create and deliver the protein.
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Marcus often has a burning sensation or pain in his stomach after eating. he often experiences occasional vomiting. he may be suffering from:_____.
Marcus often has a burning sensation or pain in his stomach after eating. he often experiences occasional vomiting. he may be suffering from ulcers.
What is the stomach?Food is digested by the stomach, a J-shaped organ. It generates acids and enzymes, which are molecules that cause chemical reactions (digestive juices). Food is broken down by this mixture of enzymes and digestive juices so that it may move to your small intestine. A portion of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract includes your stomach.
Stomach ulcersA sore that appears on the esophageal, stomach, or small intestine lining.
When stomach acid affects the lining of the digestive tract, ulcers develop. The H bacteria is one of the usual culprits. Pylori and painkillers with anti-inflammatory properties, such as aspirin.
One typical sign is soreness in the upper abdomen. Medication is frequently used as part of treatment to reduce stomach acid production. Antibiotics might be required if a bacterial infection is to blame.
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A __________ is defined as the living and nonliving elements in the area around an organism.
The elements around an organism, both living and nonliving, are referred to as a ______.
What is organism?
A unique creature, plant, or single-celled organism which is living.
Habitat or ecosystem is defined as the living and nonliving elements in the area around an organism.
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Prolonged and excessive drinking can shrink the brain most intensely in ________ who have ________ of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.
Prolonged and excessive drinking can shrink the brain most intensely in women who have less of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.
What are enzyme that digests alcohol?
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) is an enzyme that aids in the metabolism (processing) of ethanol. The ethanol is transformed by your liver into acetaldehyde, which can harm cells. A different enzyme termed aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) aids in the conversion of hazardous acetaldehyde to harmless acetic acid (vinegar).
Women have less alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), a stomach and liver enzyme that breaks down alcohol, than males do. A woman's body doesn't break down alcohol as effectively as a man's does, so more alcohol enters the bloodstream and her BAC rises.
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If you were working as a vice president of human resources, you would be considered a(n)?
If you were working as a vice president of human resources, then you would be considered a functional manager.
What is a functional manager?A functional manager is an individual who works to solve problems in a company by handling different groups of employees such as the human resources team.
In conclusion, If you were working as a vice president of human resources, then you would be considered a functional manager.
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Define domestic and compare the domestic water usage among the world average, the low income and high income countries
China's population uses, 1370 trillion liters of water annually, according to data. It now ranks among the nations with the highest global water use.
What is domestic water usage?Domestic water use in homes encompasses both indoor and outdoor activities such as drinking, cooking, cleaning, bathing, washing clothes and dishes, flushing toilets, watering gardens and lawns, and maintaining swimming pools.
9,087 billion cubic meters of water are used globally each year. The biggest annual totals were consumed by China, India, and the U.S., totaling 1,207 billion, 1,182 billion, and 1,053 billion cubic meters, respectively. Brazil came in second with 482 billion.
Therefore, large amount of domestic water usage among the world.
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What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
It is a protein structure that helps give structure to the cell
It helps with cell reproduction
It helps with storing nutrients for the cells
All of the above
The cytoskeleton helps a cell maintain its shape and helps keep its internal continents in place and organized. It is also responsible for the locomotion of the cell.
So the simple answer to this question is: it is a protein structure that helps give structure to the cell.
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Evolutionary psychologists suggest that human behavioral similarities arise from our shared?
Evolutionary psychology makes the strongest case for the idea that our shared genome explains the biological and behavioural similarities between humans.
What fundamental principle underpins evolutionary psychology?Evolutionary psychologists contend that certain issues experienced by early humans drove the development of the human brain.Evolutionary psychology's central tenet is that by considering the environment in which early humans evolved, it is possible to better understand how modern humans behave.What exactly is a genome?The total collection of DNA instructions present in a cell makes up the genome. The human genome is made up of 23 pairs of chromosomes that are found in the cell's nucleus and one tiny chromosome that is found in the mitochondria. Everything a person needs to grow and operate is encoded in their genome.learn more about Evolutionary psychology here
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Which membrane transport mechanism requires the greatest amount of energy? active transport facilitated diffusion simple diffusion passive transport
Active transport is the membrane transport mechanism that requires the greatest amount of energy.
Active transport is the movement of molecules against the concentration gradient across a cell membrane from a location of lower concentration to a region of greater concentration. Cellular energy is needed for active transport in order to achieve this movement. Because it enables the cell to move chemicals against the concentration gradient, active transport is significant. Even though a substance's concentration is higher inside a cell than it is outside, cells can still take it in.
Exocytosis and endocytosis, two membrane transport processes that require energy expenditure, are both included in active transport. Simple diffusion, passive transport, and facilitated diffusion are all metabolically inert processes.
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Proteins that affect the structure of dna bound to histones without altering histone chemical structure are called:_______
Proteins that affect the structure of dna bound to histones without altering histone chemical structure are called Non-histone protein.
The proteins that remain after the histones have been taken out are known as non-histone proteins. A large group of heterogeneous proteins referred to as non-histone proteins organise and compress the chromosome into higher order structures.
They play a crucial role in regulating processes such nuclear transport, steroid hormone activity, nucleosome remodelling, DNA replication, RNA synthesis and processing, and the transition between interphase and mitosis.
Scaffold proteins, DNA polymerase, Heterochromatin Protein 1, and Polycomb are examples of typical non-histone proteins. This classification area also includes a large number of other structural, regulatory, and motor proteins. Non-histone proteins can be acidic. Other than histones, many proteins have the ability to bind to DNA and change the shape of the chromatin by means of epigenetic processes.
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which of the following statements about g-protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs) is false? group of answer choices the different classes of gpcr ligands (proteins, amino acid derivatives, or fatty acids) bind to receptors with different numbers of transmembrane domains. gpcrs are found in yeast, mice, and humans. gpcrs are the largest family of cell-surface receptors in humans. gpcrs are used in endocrine, paracrine, and neuronal signaling.
The false statement about GPCRs is that (a) the different classes of GPCR ligands (proteins, amino acid derivatives, or fatty acids) bind to receptors with different numbers of transmembrane domains.
GPCRs are the transmembrane receptors that cross the membrane seven times. These are also known as serpentine receptors. These are the largest family of transmembrane receptors. The G-proteins of these receptors can be monomeric or trimeric. The trimeric G proteins consists of three subunit: α, β and γ.
Transmembrane domains are the part of the transmembrane proteins that cross the plasma membrane. The transmembrane domain is mostly α-helical in structure, although β-barrels are also present in rare cases.
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Which body activity would be most affected in a patient lacks an adequate number of erythrocytes?
Oxygen transport would be most affected in a patient lacks an adequate number of erythrocytes
What is erythrocytes ?Erythrocytes, also referred to as red blood cells, carry oxygen to your body's tissues. As oxygen is converted to energy, carbon dioxide is released by your tissues. Additionally, your red blood cells carry carbon dioxide to your lungs so you can exhale it.
Anemia, or low RBC counts, can impair the body's capacity to circulate oxygen and nutrients throughout the cardiovascular system. It may make you feel drained, woozy, and queasy. Iron deficiency anaemia is the most prevalent type of anaemia. Blood loss, malnutrition, or kidney issues might cause this.Dehydration can be indicated by a high red blood cell count. heart illness. Red blood cells are produced in excess due to the bone marrow condition polycythemia vera.Learn more about Erythrocytes here:
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Imagine that, of three species, it is known that species 1 and 3 were separated 10 million years ago, based on geologic measurements. Genetic analysis at a neutral locus indicates that these species differ by 100 substitutions. If there are 10 substitutions separating species 1 and 2, approximately how long ago did these species diverge?.
Answer: 1 million years ago