in which one of the following pairs will the first system have a higher entropy than the second? assume p and t are the same for each pair, unless stated otherwise. group of answer choices 1 mole he(g); 1 mole kr(g) 1 mole xe(g) at 1 atmosphere; 1 mole xe(g) at 0.5 atmosphere 1 mole ch4(g); 1 mole c2h6(g) 1 mole o2(g); 2 mole o(g) 2 mole o(g); 1 mole o2(g) flag question: question 2

It holds true. Orbitals are still a molecular orbitals cloud of charge density, which means that the protons are dispersed across a wide area as opposed to someone being centralized in a single place.

Each subshell's electrons are organized into orbitals, which are areas of the atom's interior where a certain electron is still most likely to be. There are two electrons in each orbital, and their spins vary. An electron in a certain subshell can be located in an atom's orbital, an area of space.

Any atom typically contains a large number of orbitals for each n value and these orbitals are collectively referred to as electron shells.

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C.The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution is the most correct explanation of what the pH scale actually measures that determines acidity and alkalinity of a solvent

Monitoring of the hydrogen ion activity in solutions is done with a pH metre. Potentiometry is the basis underlying pH metres' operation. This is how the electric potential of a solution is estimated (voltage). The hydrogen ion concentration in the solution is evaluated by pH. A solution with more H+ ions will always be acidic, while a solution with more OH- ions will constantly be alkaline. The pH range for solutions is 1 to 14. A solution with a pH of 1 will be strongly acidic, whereas one with a pH of 14 will be extremely basic.

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Select the most complete explanation of what the pH scale actually measures.

A) The acidity of a solvent

B) The alkalinity of a solvent

C)The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

D)The concentration of hydroxide ions in a solute

The signals around 7 ppm in a 1H NMR spectrum are likely due to the presence of aromatic protons.

Aromatic protons are those protons that are attached to an aromatic ring structure, such as a benzene ring. These protons have a very distinct chemical shift of around 7 ppm and will show up as a multiplet in the spectrum.

The aromatic protons also have an increased coupling effect, resulting in the signal appearing as a multiplet rather than a single peak. Additionally, the coupling effect between the aromatic protons can cause them to appear as a triplet, quartet, sextet, or other pattern, depending on the number of aromatic protons in the molecule.

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Ecological imbalance, Resistance development, Toxicity to non-target species, Market rejection and Regulatory issues are the factors that the production of new cotton plant strains with toxin-producing abilities could negatively impact the growth of cotton.

What are the effects of toxin production?

Toxin production in plants can have various effects on different species, including both beneficial and harmful impacts.

Non-target species: Toxins produced by plants can be harmful to non-target species, such as beneficial insects, birds, and mammals, that play important roles in maintaining a healthy ecosystem. For example, toxins produced by cotton plants could potentially harm beneficial insects that pollinate the cotton flowers, leading to reduced pollination and lower cotton yields.

Pest species: Toxins produced by plants can be effective in controlling pest populations, as they are designed to be toxic to specific pests. This can help to reduce damage to crops, increase yields, and reduce the need for chemical pesticides.

Humans and livestock: Toxins produced by plants can also have potential health risks to humans and livestock that come into contact with the plant or consume products made from the plant.

Therefore, it's important to carefully evaluate the safety of toxin-producing plants before they are introduced into the market.

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Compound A corresponds to dimethyl succinate, while compound B corresponds to ethylene diacetate.

To determine the assignment, we can use the chemical shift values and the signal intensity ratios.

For dimethyl succinate (compound A), the signals at 2.64 ppm and 3.69 ppm correspond to the methyl groups on the succinic acid moiety. The 2:3 ratio of these signals is consistent with the coupling between the two methyl groups (J = 6 Hz) and indicates that they are present in a trans configuration.

For ethylene diacetate (compound B), the signals at 2.09 ppm and 4.27 ppm correspond to the acetyl protons on the ethylene moiety. The 3:2 ratio of these signals is consistent with the coupling between the two acetyl groups (J = 9 Hz) and indicates that they are present in a trans configuration.

So, based on the above information, compound A corresponds to dimethyl succinate and compound B corresponds to ethylene diacetate.

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The statement is True, because, Elements with standard reduction potentials lower (more negative) than water are susceptible to corrosion in aqueous environments, even when not in contact with another metal.

This is because the oxide layers that form on the surface of the metal are more easily corroded in water than in air. Additionally, the corrosion rate is accelerated by the presence of other ions in the water, such as chloride ions, which can break down the oxide layers and lead to corrosion.

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The gravity of the earth is denoted by the symbol 'g'. Here there is no change in the weight of the pencil as it falls from 10 m to the ground.

The acceleration acquired by an object due to the gravitational force is defined as the acceleration due to gravity. It is generally denoted by the symbol 'g'. Its standard value is 9.8 m/s².

The value of 'g' is not affected by the mass. The factors affecting its value are earth's shape, altitude and depth of the earth's surface. So during the free fall of a pencil there is no air resistance on it.

Thus the weight of the pencil will not change.

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According to the molar concentration, the  concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.9 M.

Molar concentration is defined as a measure by which concentration of chemical substances present in a solution are determined. It is defined in particular reference to solute concentration in a solution . Most commonly used unit for molar concentration is moles/liter.

Molar concentration is calculated by the formula, molar concentration=mass/ molar mass ×1/volume of solution in liters.In terms of moles, it's formula is given as molar concentration= number of moles /volume of solution in liters.

In case of 2 solutions, molarity is calculated as, M₁V₁=M₂V₂ thus, M₁=0.75×30/25= 0.9 M.

Thus, the  concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.9 M.

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Here, assume that the two cylinders are initially filled with 17 ml of water. But the water level in the second beaker raised to 25 m/ Then the difference in water level is the volume of the substance that is, volume of the key is 8 ml or 8 cm³.

Archimedes principal states that, when an object is submerged in a fluid, the volume of displaced from the fluid is equal to the volume of the submerged object.

Objects with a density less than water will float on it. Whereas, objects denser than water will sink on it. Certain volume of water will replace or rises above by equal volume of the object.

Here, initially the water level was up to 17 ml. The water level raise up to 25 ml. Thus 8 ml of water is replaced by the key. Therefore, the volume of the key is 8 ml.

1 ml = 1 cm³

then volume of the key is 8 cm³.

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The new volume of the gas will be equal to 2.5 L at a pressure of 40 atm.

The final pressure of the gas = 40 atm

The initial volume of the gas = 10 L

According to Boyle's law, a gas's pressure is inversely proportional to its volume when the gas is a certain mass and is operating at a fixed temperature. So long as the temperature is constant, the relationship between the pressure and volume is inverse.

Calculating the pressure -

P ∝ 1/V or P₁V₁ = P₂V₂                                                      

Substituting the values of volume and pressure -

= 10  × 10 = 40 × V₂

V₂ = 100/4

V₂ = 2.5 L

Complete question:

We are studying the properties of a 10 L vessel of an ideal gas at 300 K and 10 atm of pressure inside. We can fix the volume or the pressure of the vessel as we like. If we reduce the volume in the vessel and the new pressure is measured to be 40 atm, what would the new volume be?

(A) 10 L

(B)  5 L

(C) 3.33 L

(D) 2.5 L

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The molecular equation, complete complete ionic equation, and the net ionic equation for the reaction of na3po4 is a double displacement reaction.

A precipitation reaction is very insoluble nickel phosphate. It is produced as a light green precipitate when aqueous solutions of the two salts are mixed. The other product is soluble when sodium chloride and that remains in that particular solution for that time.

(1) Molecular equation:

3NiCl2 (aq) + 2Na3PO4 (aq) = Ni3(PO4)2 (s) + 6NaCl (aq)

(2) Ionic equation:

3Ni(2+) (aq) + 6Cl(-) (aq) + 6Na(+) (aq) + 2PO4(3-) = Ni3(PO4)2 (s) + 6Na(+) (aq) + 6Cl(-) (aq)

(3) Net ionic equation:

3Ni(2+) (aq) + 2PO4(3-) (aq) = Ni3(PO4)2 (s)

The net ionic equation is actually obtained by cancellation of the common Na(+) and Cl(-) terms on both the sides which are reactant and product sides.

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The molecular weight of the hydrocarbon is approximately 82 g/mol.. To determine the molecular weight of the hydrocarbon, we need to use the boiling point elevation formula.

The boiling point elevation, ΔTb, of a solution is given by ΔTb = Kb * molality, where Kb is the molal boiling point constant for the solvent (1.71 °C/m for acetone) and molality is the concentration of solute in the solution (moles of solute per kilogram of solvent).

The molality of the solution can be calculated as follows:

molality = (5.35 g of hydrocarbon) / (molecular weight of hydrocarbon)

The boiling point elevation can then be calculated as:

ΔTb = Kb * molality

Rearranging the equation and substituting the known values, we can solve for the molecular weight of the hydrocarbon:

molality = (56.60°C - 55.95°C) / Kb

molality = 0.065 mol/kg

molecular weight of hydrocarbon = (5.35 g) / (0.065 mol/kg)

The molecular weight of the hydrocarbon is approximately 82 g/mol.

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Molecules have sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the intermolecular forces in the liquid. So option B is correct.

Molecules of a liquid can pass into the vapor phase provided that the molecules have adequate kinetic energy to beat the intermolecular powers in the fluid.

This happens when the temperature of the fluid is close to its edge of boiling point, and the vapor tension of the fluid is high. The surface pressure of the fluid affects the vaporization cycle.

So, the correct option is b) "molecules have sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the intermolecular forces in the liquid."

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Diamond mineral is the hardest known substance in nature,  its resistance to scratching and is measured using the Mohs scale

The hardness of a mineral is defined as its resistance to scratching and is measured using the Mohs scale, a relative scale that ranges from 1 (softest) to 10 (hardest). Diamond has a hardness of 10, the highest rating on the Mohs scale, making it the hardest substance known to exist in nature. This hardness gives diamond its exceptional durability, making it ideal for use in jewelry and other applications where scratch resistance is important. The hardness of diamond also makes it difficult to cut, shape, and polish, which has led to the development of specialized cutting and polishing techniques to work with this unique mineral.

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Joules are required to heat a metal disc from 14 oc to 42 oc at 0.0304233 j/goc. The disc has a mass of 2.7 grams and a specific heat of 2.3 j/goc.

Specific heat is measured in J/kg•K according to the SI system. Specific heat may also be expressed in J/g•K on occasion. Since aluminum has a specific heat of 903 J/kg•K, it takes 903 J to raise 1.00 kg of aluminum by 1.00 K.

The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g-K because a calorie contains 4.184 joules. A substance's molar heat capacity, or the heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of the substance by either 1°C or 1°K, can also be used to describe the ease with which it gains or loses heat.

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The option (d) is correct i.e. All of the above, are the examples of solutions in our everyday life.

Examples of solutions in everyday life include:

1. Pure water - Water is considered a pure substance because it consists of only one type of molecule (H2O). However, it can also function as a solvent in solutions. For example, water can dissolve salts, sugars, and other dissolved solids, making it a common ingredient in many beverages, foods, and cleaning products.

2. Vinegar - Vinegar is an aqueous solution of acetic acid that is commonly used in cooking, cleaning, and as a condiment. It is a homogeneous mixture of acetic acid and water that is transparent and has a distinct sour taste.

3. Rubbing alcohol - Rubbing alcohol is a solution of isopropyl alcohol and water that is used as a topical antiseptic and for cleaning surfaces. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a distinct, somewhat medicinal odor.

4. Table salt - Table salt is a solution of sodium chloride in water that is used as a seasoning and food preservative. It is a homogeneous mixture of sodium and chloride ions in a crystalline form that dissolves readily in water.

5. Mouthwash - Mouthwash is a solution of various active ingredients in water that is used to freshen breath, kill germs, and clean the mouth. It is a homogeneous mixture of ingredients that is typically used after brushing and flossing.

6. Tea - Tea is a solution of various soluble compounds in water that is made by steeping tea leaves in boiling water. It is a homogeneous mixture of soluble compounds, including caffeine, tannins, and other flavonoids, that is widely consumed for its flavor and health benefits.

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Question - what are examples of solutions in your every day life? select one or more:

(a) pure water & vinegar

(b) rubbing alcohol

(c) table salt, mouthwash and tea

(d) All of the above

The final volume can be determined using Charles's law. The volume of gas at -39.9 degree Celsius will be 6.7 dm³.

According to Charles's law, at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature.

Hence, V/T = constant.

Let, V1 and T1 be the initial volume and temperature and V2, T2 be the final quantities.

then, V1/T1 = V2/T2.

V2 = V1 T2/ T1

Given, V1 = 8.9 dm³

T1 = 38.8 °C = 311.8 K

T2 = -39.9  °C = 233.1 K

Then, V2 =  8.9 dm³ × 233.1 K /311.8 K = 6.7  dm³

Therefore, the volume of the gas reduces to 6.7 dm³

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Answer:

Dalton's atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties. Dalton based his theory on the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant composition. The first part of his theory states that all matter is made of atoms, which are indivisible.

Explanation:

When phosphorus-30 loses a positron (undergoes positron emission) the result is sulphur-30.

Radioactive decay is also defined as the nuclear decay refers to the process where a new element, which is relatively more stable than its parent nucleus and is formed when an unstable atomic nucleus releases out energy in the form of radiation. Radioactive decay can be classified into various types, which are alpha decay, beta decay, gamma decay, positron emissions, and electron capture, these types can be distinguished from one another in terms of the particle they emit forming the type of product.

Sulphur-30 is made from sulphur springs that is suitable for skin ailments such as pain, redness, burning, and inflammation. It belongs to the mineral kingdom. Sulphur-30 is also beneficial in the treatment of stomach disorders like acidity and gastric issues.

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The presence or the absence of the NH₄⁺ ion be detected in fertilizer is the correct option is  add sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and look for a color change with red litmus paper.

The  NH₄⁺ ion that is the ammonium ion in a solution can be detected by adding the sodium hydroxide solution and then heat the solution. The ammonium ion will convert to the ammonia gas if the ammonium ions are present. The ammonia has the different odor.

It will also `change the color of the red litmus paper to the blue. Therefore in this way we can detected the absence and the presence of the ammonium ion.

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The mass (in grams) of 7.5 moles of aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)₃ is 585 grams

We'll begin by obtaining the molar mass of Al(OH)₃. Details below:

Molar mass of Al(OH)₃ = 27 + 3[16 + 1]

Molar mass of Al(OH)₃ = 27 + 3[17]

Molar mass of Al(OH)₃ = 27 + 51

Molar mass of Al(OH)₃ = 78 g/mol

Finally, we shall determine the mass of 7.5 moles of Al(OH)₃. Details below:

Mole = mass / molar mass

Cross multiply

Mass = Mole × molar mass

Mass of Al(OH)₃ = 7.5 × 78

Mass of Al(OH)₃ = 585 g

Thus, we can conclude that the mass of Al(OH)₃ is 585 g

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Information that is encoded in molecules has a higher cost to reproduce than information that is represented in bits. The right answer is C.

The lowest particle of a material that possesses all of its physical and chemical characteristics is referred to as its malekyol (MAH-leh-kyool).Each molecule consists of one or perhaps more atoms

The smallest component in a chemical compound or an element that possesses that element's or compound's chemical characteristics is called a molecule. Chemical bonds allow atoms to come together to create molecules. There are two different kinds of molecules: 1. Molecules of an element The molecules that make up an element .

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Water is the most good solvent, then ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, and hexane in decreasing order of polarity.

An object has polarity when it has 2 distinct, opposing poles that may alternatively attract or reject each other and. The phrase is frequently employed to describe the electron's movement in the fields of electric, magnetism, chemical, and electronic signaling.

Polarities are frequently seen in company, such as centralized vs decentralization or development versus profit maximization. Considering the work-life balance, liberal vs conservative beliefs, etc. It is a hallmark of the system that there is a constant inherent bad blood between the two.

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The amount of energy required to vaporize 500 grams of water is 1128 KJ. when the  heat of vaporization of water is 40.67 kj/mol.

The process of turning a liquid at its boiling point into a gas involves the absorption of energy. The temperature of a boiling liquid stays constant, just like with a solid's melting point, and energy must be added to cause the state to change. The heat that one mole of a substance absorbs during the transition from a liquid to a gas is known as the molar heat of vaporisation (Hvap).

The given data is

amount of water = 500 grams

molar mass of water = 18.02 g/mol

heat of vaporization of water [tex]H_{vap\\}[/tex] = 40.67 kj/mol

The vaporization's molar heat,[tex]H_{vap\\}[/tex]

The molar enthalpy of vaporisation, measures the amount of energy required to vaporise one mole of a given substance at its boiling point.

In the example of water, a molar heat of vaporisation of 40.67 kJ /mol 1 indicates that 40.67 kJ/mol of heat must be applied in order to bring 1 mole of water to a boil at its typical boiling point of 100 C.

So,

for calculating the mass of water to moles by using its molar mass:-

500*[tex]\frac{1}{18.02}[/tex] = 27.74

So, the energy requires is :

27.74*[tex]\frac{40.67}{1}[/tex] = 1128 KJ

Hence, the energy required to vaporize 500 grams of water is 1128 KJ.

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The molality of a solution of water dissolved in methanol for which the mole fraction of water is 0.228 is 9.45*10-3 M.

Mole fraction = 0.228 = moles water/total moles

Let total moles = 1

0.228 = x/1

X =0.228

Molality = moles of solute/mass of solvent

M = 0.228/(1-0.228)*32= 9.45*10-3 M

Molality (m), or molal awareness, is the amount of a substance dissolved in a sure mass of solvent. it's far defined because of the moles of a solute in step with kilograms of a solvent. The molality of a solution is identical to the moles of solute divided via the mass of solvent in kilograms, at the same time as the molarity of an answer is equal to the moles of solute divided by way of the extent of solution in liters.

Molality is a measure of the range of moles of solute in an answer corresponding to 1 kg or a thousand g of solvent. This contrasts with the definition of molarity that's based totally on a precise quantity of solution. A normally used unit for molality in chemistry is mol/kg. The image for molarity is M or moles/liter. Chemists also use square brackets to signify a reference to the molarity of a substance.

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In this case, the pH of the solution is 2.67, which indicates that it is a strong acid.

The pH of a solution is a measure of its hydrogen ion concentration and can be used to determine the strength of an acid.

The acid dissociation constant (Ka) is a measure of the strength of an acid and is defined as the product of the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) and the concentration of the conjugate base (A-) divided by the concentration of the undissociated acid (HA).

To calculate the Ka for the monoprotic acid, we need to first determine the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. This can be done using the equation:

[H+] = 10^(-pH) = 10^(-2.67) = 4.33 × 10^(-3)

Next, we can use the concentration of hydrogen ions and the initial concentration of the acid to determine the concentration of the conjugate base (A-).

Finally, we can use these values to calculate the Ka for the acid:

Ka = [H+] * [A-] / [HA]

Ka = [H+] × [A-] / [HA] = 6.31 x 10^-3 × [A-] / (1.79 - [A-])

It is important to note that the concentration of the acid will decrease as it dissociates in solution, so it is necessary to use the initial concentration of the acid in this calculation.

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The IV bag will contain 0.036 moles of carbon atoms. We can start by calculating the number of moles of C₆H₁₂O₆ in 100 ml of the diluted solution.

Calculate the moles of C₆H₁₂O₆ in 1 L of the original solution (0.30 M):

moles = concentration x volume = 0.30 M x 1.0 L = 0.30 moles

Calculate the volume of the diluted solution:

volume = original volume + added volume = 1.0 L + 4.0 L = 5.0 L

Calculate the concentration of C₆H₁₂O₆ in the diluted solution:

concentration = moles of solute / volume of solution = 0.30 moles / 5.0 L = 0.06 M

Calculate the moles of C₆H₁₂O₆ in 100 ml of the diluted solution:

moles = concentration x volume = 0.06 M x (100 ml / 1000 ml/L) = 0.006 moles

Calculate the number of moles of carbon atoms in 0.006 moles of C₆H₁₂O₆:

Each molecule of C₆H₁₂O₆ contains 6 carbon atoms, so the number of moles of carbon atoms in 0.006 moles of C₆H₁₂O₆ is:

moles of carbon atoms = 0.006 moles x 6 atoms of carbon / 1 molecule of C₆H₁₂O₆ = 0.036 moles of carbon atoms

Therefore, the IV bag will contain 0.036 moles of carbon atoms.

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Complete question:

To prepare a nutrient solution, a nurse dilutes 1.0L of 0.30 M C6H12O6(aq) by adding 4.0L of water. The nurse then adds 100. ml of the diluted solution to an intravenous bag. How many moles of carbon atoms will the IV bag contain?

They are energy dense. They are chemically stable.

Triglycerides, the primary form of fat humans ingest, are particularly well adapted for energy storage since they contain more than twice the amount of energy as proteins or carbohydrates.Triglycerides are digested during digestion and then transported to cells via the circulation.

Your blood contains two different forms of lipids, glycerides and cholesterol:Triglycerides give your body energy while storing extra calories.Cells and some hormones are made of cholesterol.

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The melting point of gold is 1947°F. This temperature in degrees Celsius 1063.889°C and in kelvin is 1337.039K.

Temperature is a physical quantity that quantifies our feelings of hotness and coldness. A thermometer is used to measure temperature.

According to the International System of Units, the SI unit of temperature is Kelvin, which is represented by the symbol K. In the fields of science and engineering, the Kelvin scale is widely accepted or used. However, in most parts of the world, temperature is measured using the Celsius or Fahrenheit scale.

Thus, The melting point of gold is 1947°F. This temperature in degrees Celsius 1063.889°C and in kelvin is 1337.039K.

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The normal boiling point of a liquid occurs when the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the external pressure, which is typically one atmosphere (760 torr). Correct answer: letter C.

This means that the vapor pressure of the liquid must equal the atmospheric pressure in order for the liquid to boil. The temperature at which this occurs is known as the normal boiling point.

As the temperature continues to rise, the vapor pressure of the liquid continues to increase, and eventually surpasses the atmospheric pressure. At this point, the liquid will enter a state of rapid evaporation, usually referred to as boiling.

Boiling is a process where liquid molecules evaporate from the surface of the liquid, forming a gas. The temperature of the liquid at which this occurs is referred to as the boiling point. The boiling point of a liquid is determined by the vapor pressure of the liquid, which is affected by factors such as the intermolecular forces within the liquid, the temperature, and the external pressure.

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