If the diploid body cells in a giraffe contain 30 chromosomes each, how many chromosomes would a giraffe sperm cell contain?

There are three swellings that occur at the anterior end of a fluid-filled tube in the developing embryo. These three swellings eventually develop into the adult forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.

Brain is defined as an important organ of body which controls all the functions of the body and have command on all the body organs.

The outermost part of brain is known as dura mater which consist of a strong membrane layering and it is thick located just beneath the skull and vertebral column. The outermost part or cerebrum has billions of neurons and glia that are responsible for the formation of cerebral cortex, the outermost part.

Whenever body stuck in a dangerous situation, the signal in the form of information is conveyed to brain and the particular part that receives the signal is known as amygdala.

Therefore, These three swellings eventually develop into the adult forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.

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There is an accumulation of lipid waste in nerve cells, which causes Tay-Sachs disease. Lysosomes are the organelle in these cells that lacks a certain kind of lipid-digesting enzyme.

Inside cells, organelles are specialized structures that carry out a variety of tasks. Similar to how organs like the heart, liver, stomach, and kidneys serve specific roles to keep an organism alive, organelles provide specific functions to keep a cell alive.

The nucleus (a structure that houses the cell's chromosomes and is where RNA is generated), mitochondria (structures that produce energy for the cell), and lysosomes are examples of organelles (enzymes that help the cell digest and recycle molecules are contained in sac-like structures). cells that make up.

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Transmembrane adhesion protein attaches membranes of adjacent cells to make intercellular junctions.

Cell adhesion molecules are subset of cell surface proteins that are involved in the binding of cells with other cells or with the extracellular matrix in a process called cell adhesion. CAM help cells stick to each other and to their surroundings. Adherence junction and Desmosomes hold cells together and are formed by transmembrane adhesion protein .

Therefore, the cell membrane serves two purposes: first, as a barrier keeping the components of the cell in and undesired substances out, and second, as a gate permitting the passage of vital nutrients into the cell and the movement of waste products out of the cell. Identification, communication, control of solute exchange across the membrane, and isolation of the cytoplasm from the surrounding environment are the four primary roles of the plasma membrane.

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Urea makes lungfish tissue hypoosmotic to the pool. Small stagnant pools do not provide enough water to dilute the toxic ammonia. Lungfish are freshwater vertebrates of the Dipnoi order. Lungfish are most recognized for preserving ancestral Osteichthyes features, such as the capacity to breathe air.

Ancestral ammonia structures, such as the existence of lobed fins with a well-developed internal skeleton. Lungfish are the tetrapods closest surviving relatives. Only six species of lungfish are known to exist today, and they are found in Africa, South America, and Australia. Lungfish have been found in abundance since the Triassic period, according to the fossil record.

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Approximately 65% percentage of all osteopaths practice in primary care areas.

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Answer:

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

Explanation:

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

The correct order of filtrate traveling from the distal convoluted tubule to the ureter is:

Glomerulus → Proximal convoluted tubule → Descending limb of nephron loop → Ascending limb of nephron loop → Distal convoluted tubule → Collecting duct.

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Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle do not capture all of the energy in a glucose molecule because some energy is always lost as heat during chemical reactions.

A total of 2 ATP is produced during the glycolysis process, which converts glucose into pyruvate and energy (Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi --> 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 ATP + 2 H2O). Phophorylation is made possible by the hydroxyl groups. Glucose 6-phosphate is the specific kind of glucose that is employed in glycolysis.

The Krebs cycle is correlated with glycolysis, which is the mechanism by which a six-carbon glucose molecule is divided into two three-carbon pyruvate molecules. The cycle processes happen twice for every respired glucose molecule because two pyruvic acid molecules are created. Krebs Cycle: This aerobic activity happens inside the cell's mitochondria.

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Answer: They break down dead organisms

Explanation: Decomposers eat dead organisms for energy.

Answer: Hydrogen bond from the carbonyl oxygen of one amino acid to the amino group of second amino acid.

Explanation:

Answer:

 A mineral scratches a knife blade but does not scratch a streak plate. The hardness of the mineral between 5.5 and 7.

Explanation:

A material's ability to tolerate localized irreversible and plastic deformation, cutting, scratching, and even twisting is referred to as its hardness.  Contrary,  wear resistance will increase as hardness increases. Hard materials, in contrast, are challenging to shape-change.

The capacity of one mineral to scrape another mineral is a measure of hardness.  A mineralogist from Germany named GeFederick Mohs developed a hardness scale that used a group of 10 reference minerals.Compounds containing calcium as well as magnesium, as well as a number of other metals, contribute to hardness. Temporary hardness, as well as permanent hardness,  are indeed the two forms of hardness. Carbonate hardness is another name for temporary hardness.

 This kind of hard water is caused by the bicarbonates and carbonates containing both calcium as well as magnesium. This hardness can be eliminated by boiling the water or adding lime to it.

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The most likely explanation for this circumstance is Gene redundancy.

Gene knockout may be defined as a type of genetic technique through which a specific gene from living organisms is eliminated or removed. Apart from this, the function of a specific gene is also terminated with this technique.

Gene redundancy may be characterized as an instance through which two or more genes perform an identical function and the inactivation of either one of them has little or no effect on the biological phenotype or pathway.

Therefore, gene redundancy is the most likely explanation for the given circumstance.

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Filaments are the thread like structure of the stamen.

Answer:

Its C.Filament

Explanation:

The stamen has 2 parts. Anthers & Filaments. Anthers are held up by a thread-like part called a filament. so the final answer would be C.

The patient should take 4 tablets of memantine a day.

Patients of old age are referred to as geriatric patients.

Alzheimer's disease is a nervous system disorder. Most people in their late middle age or old age have Alzheimer's disease. It is characterized by mood swinging, confusion, impaired thinking, memory loss, and personality change. It can be caused due neurological factors such as acetylcholine and noradrenaline, infections, family history, head injury, and brain chemical imbalance. Medications for Alzheimer's disease are - donepezil, galantine, memantine, and anti-depressants.

Medication prescribed to the patient for Alzheimer's disease = 20 mg/day

Composition of memantine pills = 5 mg /capsule

The number of tablets of meantime the patient should take in a day is,

[tex] = \frac{20}{5} [/tex]

[tex] = 4 \: tablets[/tex]

Therefore, the patient should take 4 tablets of memantine a day.

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The statement is false that most substances are able to undergo passive diffusion across the plasma membrane.

Passive diffusion is the movement of particles across the membrane from their region of higher concentration to lower concentration. This movement does not require any energy. The substances that can undergo passive diffusion are: gases like oxygen or carbon dioxide, ethanol, urea, etc.

Plasma membrane is the layer surrounding the outer surface of the cells. It is a bilayer of lipid. The functions of the membrane are: to protect the cell from outer environment and to regulate the traffic of substances crossing the membrane.

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(a) (i) Beaker A showed best growth of waterweed.

(ii) The change in color was due to absence of light which inhibited photosynthesis.

(b) Not many plants grew below the surface in the pond as the large leaves of water lilies covering the surface blocked the entry of light in the water.

The question is incomplete. The complete question is:-

(a) Alex poured some pond water into three beakers. She then put waterweed into each beaker. She put the beakers in different places.

i) In which beaker did the waterweed grow best? Give the correct letter.

ii) The waterweed in the box changed from dark green to pale yellow. Why did this happen?

(b) In the school pond there were lots of water lilies with large leaves covering the surface. There were not many plants growing below the surface. Suggest a reason for this.

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Bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses are distinguished on the basis of a structure by the three-domain system.

Three-domain system is a classification system in which cellular life is classified into three types which are archaea, bacteria, and eukarya domain.

Archaea are organisms that are made up of cells that lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles which means that they are prokaryotic.

The domain bacteria differs from archaea in the composition of the cell wall and cell membrane in that the cell wall of bacteria consists of peptidoglycan while the cell walls of archaea do not consist of peptidoglycan. The lipids in the membrane of archaea are enclosed with hydrocarbons, unlike the bacteria in which lipids are enclosed with fatty acids.

Fungi and algae are included in the domain eukarya since they consist of a membrane-bound nucleus and hence are eukaryotic. Fungi and algae differ in cell structure in that the cells of algae have a single nucleus while the cells of fungi are multinucleated.

Viruses are not considered a part of any of the domains since viruses are not made of cells and they don't have the capability to perform any metabolic function. They remain inactive outside the host cell.

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Local catastrophic events, Cuvier was the first to show that. The differences in fossils from different strata were evidence for local catastrophic events such as droughts or floods.

Strata, the plural of the Latin term stratum, is another name for rock layers, and stratigraphy is the study of strata. Stratigraphy is the study of the features of stratified rocks, including their relationship to time.

According to the fossil correlation concept, strata that include certain fossils are also the same age since like assemblages of fossils have the same age.

As a result, fossils are highly helpful in correlating, or matching up, rock strata in exposures that are spread apart widely.

Therefore, Local catastrophic event's evidence for differences in fossils from different strata.

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She conducted an experiment to see that every plant need same type of enviornment or not.

A seed develops into an embryonic plant called a sporophyte, which then becomes a seedling. The germination of the seed initiates seedling development. The radicle (embryonic root), the hypocotyl (embryonic shoot), and the cotyledons are the three primary components of a typical early seedling (seed leaves).

Angiosperms are also referred to as flowering plants since they contain seeds inside of their fruit. Gymnosperms, on the other hand, have bare seeds on the surface of their leaves but no flowers or fruits. The seeds of gymnosperms are arranged like cones.

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The hormone primarily responsible for the contraction of the gallbladder and the release of bile into the duodenum is cholecystokinin.

Cholecystokinin also called pancreozymins is produced in the duodenum which is a part of the small intestine by the cells known as enteroendocrine cells and its secretion is stimulated by the introduction of fatty acids and amino acids. This hormone is involved in the process of digestion.

Cholecystokinin causes the contraction of the gallbladder which then releases bile and enzymes into the small intestine. Bile salts and other enzymes are involved in the breakdown of fats and proteins so that they can be absorbed in the small intestine. During the digestion process, this hormone also slows down gastric emptying and controls bowel motility.

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Answer:

Humans originated from Africa around 200,000 - 2 million years ago. There is fossilized evidence from back then that tells us when we humans may have formed. We went through about 15 different evolutions until coming to what we are today. To answer your other question, no, we are not alone in the universe, because we are united with many other organisms and life forms that live alongside us.

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The doctors estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss using the rule of nines.

The rule of nines is a technique a doctor and other emergency unit caregivers used to estimate the degree of burns in the body of a person. This was discovered by Dr. Wallace thus also referred as Wallace rule of nines. The doctor would examine the patient with burns and quickly calculate the degree of burns by adding burns in specific areas of the body.

Here are some of the calculation of the rule the burns in arms including the hands constitutes 9%, front of the body 18%, genitalia 1%, head and neck 9%, legs constitutes 18% and back of the body also makes up for 18%.

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Answer:

Germ layers - Groups of cells that form 3 distinct regions of the embryo & give rise to specialized cells and organs.

Ectoderm - Epidermis and nervous system

Mesoderm - Heart, kidney, gonads, bones and muscle.

Endoderm - Lungs and digestive system.

Explanation:

Cells in each germ layer differentiate into tissues and embryonic organs. The ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system and the epidermis, among other tissues. The mesoderm gives rise to the muscle cells and connective tissue in the body. The endoderm gives rise to the gut and many internal organs.

Ribosomes are known as the site of protein synthesis. Prokaryotic ribosomes are smaller than eukaryotic ribosomes.

Antibiotic therapy may be defined as a type of technique through which antimicrobial substances like penicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, etc. are activated against bacteria.

Antibiotics such as tetracycline, erythromycin, and streptomycin can specifically target bacterial ribosomes & not harm the host's eukaryotic ribosomes. This is because eukaryotic genes are not highly susceptible to antibiotic substances.

Therefore, the importance of the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes with regard to antibiotic therapy is described.

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Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to bone.

Fishes are divided into three major groups. These are:

Agnathas are fishes without jaws, such as lampreys and hagfish.

Chondrocytes are cartilaginous fishes. They include sharks and the giant sting ray.

Osteocytes are the bony fishes. They include tilapia and other fishes that have bones as opposed to cartilage.

Thus, Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to bones.

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The actual length of an animal cell is 0.01 mm. If you wanted to draw adiagram of the cell to scale using a magnification of x2500, the length of your drawing have to be 25mm.

Magnification = Image size ÷ Actual size

Given,

Actual size, A = 0.01mm

Magnification, M = x2500

Then,

            [tex]I = MX A\\I = 2500 X 0.01\\I = 25[/tex]

The Image size, I = 25mm.

Magnification is the method of increasing the alleged size, not the actual size, of an object. This increase is quantified by a premeditated number called magnification. When the magnification number is smaller than one, it directs to a decrease in size, occasionally called de-magnification.

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The process by which molecules in vesicles are exported out of the cell is called exocytosis.

Exocytosis is the process by which secretions of the cell are transported out of the cell into the extracellular fluid. It occurs when the vesicle fuse with the plasma membrane to allow its content to move out of the cell.

Cell membranes are semipermeable membranes that do not allow foreign molecules to pass through them. But vesicles and plasma membranes are both made up of lipids which is the reason why they can fuse. This fusion allows macromolecules to move in and out of the cell.

Neurotransmitters, cell wastes, germs, carbon dioxide, water, etc are some of the content that can move out of the cell through exocytosis. Cells also replenish their inner content by fusion with the vesicles and remove the toxic content from the cell if encountered with one.

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The biological species concept distinguishes two species based on the degree of genetic exchange between their gene pools.

What is biological species concept?

A species taxon is a collection of creatures that may effectively interbreed and give birth to fertile offspring, according to the Biological Species Concept. That idea holds that both interbreeding within a species and reproductive barriers between creatures of various species help to protect the integrity of a species.

The biological species concept (BSC) was created to help people understand biological diversity, notably the widely acknowledged finding that sexually reproducing organisms are more likely to be found in genetic and phenotypic clusters than in a continuum of forms.

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