During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 257 j of heat from the freezer and expels 465 j of heat to the room. how much work input is required in each cycle?

Copernicus measurements of the orbital radii of six of the planets were very accurate compared to our modern values.

Nicolaus Copernicus created the Copernican heliocentrism astronomical theory, which was first presented in print in 1543. This theory put the Sun in the centre of the cosmos, stationary, and had Earth and the other planets orbit it at uniform speeds in circular orbits modified by epicycles. The geocentric Ptolemaic paradigm, which put Earth at the centre of the cosmos for ages, was replaced by the Copernican model.

Although he had shared a draught of his own heliocentric theory with peers before 1514, he did not choose to publish it until after being persuaded to do so by his student Rheticus.

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The power consumed by the razor is 100W.

According to Ohm's law,

Therefore Resistance R = [tex]V^{2}[/tex] / P

Given,

Power in North America P[tex]^{NA}[/tex] = 25 w

Voltage in North America V[tex]^{NA}[/tex] = 120 V

Voltage in Europe V[tex]^{EU}[/tex] = 240 V

Resistance in North America R[tex]^{NA}[/tex] = [tex]120^{2}[/tex] / 25 = 576 Ω

Resistance in Europe R[tex]^{EU}[/tex] = 576 Ω ( Assumed constant )

Power in Europe P[tex]^{EU}[/tex] = [tex]240^{2}[/tex] / 576 = 100 w

Ohm's law describes that the Current across a conductor is directly proportional to the Voltage across those two points.

Therefore power consumed by the razor is 100W.

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You are looking at yourself in a plane mirror, a distance of 3 meters from the mirror. your brain interprets what you are seeing in the mirror as being a person standing 6 meters from you.

The plane mirror shows an exact replica of the real world. that means the distance of you from the mirror is the same distance as your reflection form the mirror at the opposite side of the mirror.

Thus, distance of image from the plane mirror is same as the distance of object (person) from the plane mirror but the image is formed behind the mirror.

Thereby we have v=u=3 m

Thus, distance between image and the person

is d = v + u = 3 + 3 = 6 m

Thus, the person is 6 meters away from the image.

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When the road and weather are ideal, the three-second rule is advised for passenger cars. When driving in bad weather or when visibility is poor, slow down even more and widen your following space. If you are operating a bigger vehicle or pulling a trailer, you should also widen your following distance.

Distance is a measure of how far away two objects or locations are using numbers. Distance can refer to a physical length in physics or to an estimate based on other factors in ordinary language (e.g. "two counties over"). It is occasionally used to indicate the distance between two points[tex]{\displaystyle |AB|}|AB|[/tex]. The terms "distance from A to B" and "distance from B to A" are frequently used interchangeably. A distance function or metric is a technique to describe what it means for components of a space to be "near to" or "far away" from each other in mathematics. It is an extension of the idea of physical distance.

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The earth is an open system for energy. Sunlight should be added to the pyramids to make them correct.

A system that is in touch with its surroundings or the external environment through the exchange of energy, matter, and materials is called an open system.

In an open system, the energy and matter flow in and out of the boundaries of the system. Earth is a perfect example of the open system as it is in contact with its surroundings.

The exchange between materials such as energy and information takes place in such a system.

The stove top is an example of an open system because in this system the exchange of both heat and moisture occurs with the surrounding. On the other hand, in a closed system, only energy is exchanged.

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The maximum height of the particle is 100feet

Applying linear motion equations,

v^2 = u^2 - 2as

v = final velocity

u = initial velocity

g = acceleration due to gravity

s = height travelled

At max height,

velocity = 0 i.e. V=0,  initial velocity u = 16ft/sec

g = 32ft/[tex]sec^{2}[/tex]

so we have

0 = [tex]u^{2}[/tex] -2gs

S = [tex]u^{2}[/tex]/2g

= 16*16/2*32

= 4 feet

So maximum height = initial height + height travelled

= 96 + 4 = 100 feet

The range is u2sin2g and the needed value of the maximum height is u2sin2g. Not to be confused with flying time is the maximum height attained.

Maximum Height refers to a structure or sign’s highest point as measured from the average natural ground level at the base of the supporting structure.

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Answer:

100 feet

Explanation:

A westward-moving motorcycle increases its speed from 5.0 m/s to 25.0 m/s in 2.5 seconds. Magnitude= direction=

Calculation

The magnitude comes according to the formula (V-U)/T

Here U (initial velocity) = 5 m/s

V (final velocity) = 25 m/s

Time taken (T) = 2.5 s

So, going according to the formula,

we will have the magnitude = (25 – 5)/ 2.5

So, the magnitude is 20/2.5 = 8

So, the magnitude is 8

And since the speed is increasing, hence the direction would be in the same direction as the body is moving. It means the direction is in westward direction.

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In an inductive circuit with an uncorrected power factor of 40 percent to 60 percent, the power factor can be corrected to within 5 percent of unity by the addition of a(n) capacitor.

A capacitor is a gadget that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It is an inactive electronic part with two terminals. The impact of a capacitor is known as capacitance. A capacitor is a gadget that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It is an uninvolved electronic part with two terminals. The impact of a capacitor is known as capacitance. While some capacitance exists between any two electrical conduits in closeness in a circuit, a capacitor is a part intended to add capacitance to a circuit. The capacitor was initially known as a condenser or compensator. This name and its cognates are still generally utilized in numerous dialects, yet seldom in English, one eminent exemption being condenser mouthpieces, likewise called capacitor receivers.

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Answer:

They appear to recede from our viewpoint.

That is, their emitted spectra are shifted toward the red (red-shift).

The wave-lengths that are received on earth are somewhat longer because of the "Doppler" shift of the receding atoms.

We connect multiple batteries in series in order to get the biggest possible voltage.

Series connection

A circuit is set to be connected in series when there is same flow current through all the component in the circuit.

There is only one path for current to flow.

Parallel connection

A circuit is said to be connected in parallel when all the components are connected across each other's lead.

If we connect two batteries in series then the two batteries add up their voltage. And we have the combined voltage. (as shown in image)

series means connecting one anode to the another cathode of next.

similarly if batteries placed in parallel then the voltage in circuit is same as of individual battery.

We connect multiple batteries in series in order to get the biggest possible voltage.

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A measure of central tendency called the mean can be a particularly biased or misleading measure of central tendency when there are a few extreme scores.

"The statistical metric that identifies a single value as representative of an entire distribution" is the definition of central tendency. It strives to give a precise account of all the facts. It is the lone value that best typifies or reflects the information gathered.

The mean, median, mode, and the midrange are the four indicators of central tendency. The arithmetic mean of the maximum and minimum values in a data set is used here to describe the midpoint or mid-extreme of a set of statistical data values.

A dataset's arithmetic mean (which is distinct from its geometric mean) is calculated by dividing all of the values by the total number of values. Due to the fact that the computation takes into account all values, it is the most widely used central tendency measure.

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The resistance will also be doubled when the device is made of same material and when heated to the same amount.

Resistance is defined as the opposition in the flow of current in an electrical circuit. It is measured in ohm. The electrical resistance of a conductor of unit cross-sectional area and unit length is known as Resistivity. It is represented by ρ.

The relation between resistance and resistivity is, ρ = RA/l . Here, R is Resistance , A is Area of wire and l is length of wire. Resistivity is directly proportional to the resistance. The resistivity of a material is doubled when heated a certain amount. So, for a same material heated to same extend the resistance will also be doubled.

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It is crucial to warm crucibles before use to lessen thermal stress on them.

Crucibles and covers are made up of porcelain that are like ceramic that contains pores in it. Any kind of water molecules from the air gets trapped in the pores of these crucible and cover.

These water molecules need to be driven out before the initial massing of the crucible and cover. The preheating helps to drive out these water molecules from the pores.

By raising the crucible’s temperature to 200°C, moisture will be removed in this step. Crucibles are protected from potential moister risk by the moister elimination procedure.

Crucibles that are brand-new or have seen a lengthy pause should be progressively heated to 200°C.

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The Temperature at a process with ΔH and ΔS become spontaneous is 66.6k

Gibbs free energy  - It can be defined as that can be used to calculate the amount of work done performed by a closed system at constant temperature and pressure.

It's symbol is G.

Gibbs free energy equation is given as

ΔGΔH−TΔS

where

ΔG = Gibbs free energy.

ΔH =  Enthalpy change.

T = Temperature in Kelvin.

ΔS = Entropy change.

ΔH= 20kJ = 20000J

ΔS= 300J/K

if ΔG<0, process is spontaneous

if ΔG>0, process is non spontaneous

if ΔG=0, process is in equilibrium

To find the temperature at which the given reaction becomes spontaneous, the minimum T value for which we obtain a negative value of the Gibbs free energy change is

ΔH−TΔS > 0

T > ΔH/ΔS

We have ΔH=20kJ=20000J

ΔS= 300J/K

T > 20000/300

T> 66.6K

The Temperature at a process with ΔH and ΔS become spontaneous is 66.6k

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Answer:

A mature star is a star that has exhausted its supply of hydrogen

Explanation:

For the most part, a star is powered by nuclear fusion. The energy is first produced by the fusion of hydrogen atoms in the core of a main-sequence star. Later, when the helium predominates in the core, stars like the Sun begin to fuse hydrogen along a spherical shell around the core. This allows the star to steadily increase in size, passing through the subgiant stage and eventually reaching the red giant stage.

When they reach this stage, the hydrogen in them nearly completely depletes, and they get brighter and hotter, eventually becoming low-mass white dwarfs.

When a star's supply of hydrogen in its core runs out, leaving only helium, the outward force provided by fusion begins to diminish, and the star can no longer maintain equilibrium. When the force of gravity exceeds the force of internal pressure, the star begins to disintegrate. The outcome of this collapse is determined by the mass of the star.

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With the same force applied, the acceleration of car with three passengers is 1.04 m/s².

We need to know about force to solve this problem. According to second Newton's Law, the force applied to an object will be proportional to mass and acceleration. Hence, it can be written as

F = m . a

where F is force, m is mass and a is acceleration

From the question above, we know that

mcar = 1600 kg

a0 = 1.2 m/s²

mpassenger = 80 x 3 kg = 240 kg

As we know that the force of car is the same whether there are passengers or no. Hence, we can write

F = F

mcar . a0 = mtotal . a

1600 . 1.2 = (1600 + 240) . a

1920 = 1840a

a = 1.04 m/s²

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Given, Force = 390 N

Diameter of piston (1) = 4 cm

Diameter of piston (1) = 10 cm

now,

By using Pascal's Law which that states that " a pressure change at any point in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere", i.e. force per unit area is constant at any point in a confined incompressible fluid flow.

Mathematically, [tex]p=\frac{F1}{A1} = \frac{F2}{A2}[/tex]

where P is pressure at any point in a confined incompressible fluid

F1 and F2 = Force at point 1 and 2 respectively

A1 and A2 = Area of point 1 and 2

So,  [tex]F2 = \frac{F1}{A1} * A2[/tex]

[tex](A1 = \frac{\pi D1^{2} }{4} )\\(A2= \frac{\pi D2^{2} }{4} )[/tex]

[tex]F2 = 390 * \frac{\frac{\pi D2^{2} }{4} }{\frac{\pi D1^{2} }{4} }[/tex]

[tex]F2 = \frac{390}{4*4} * 10^{2}[/tex]

F2 = 2437 N

The magnitude of the force f2 is 2437 N

The given question is complete, complete question is...

"If a 390 N force F1 is applied to the piston with the 4 cm diameter, what is the magnitude of the force F2 that can be resisted by the piston with the 10 cm diameter? Neglect the weights of the pistons."

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To make a 200 ml solution of 5 mm sucrose from a 100 mm sucrose solution we have to take a volume of: 10ml of the concentrated solution

To solve this problem, the formula and the procedure that we have to use is:

c1 * v1 = c2 * v2

Where:

Information about the problem:

Applying the dissolution of concentrations formula and clearing the volume of the concentrated solution (c1) we get:

c1 * v1 = c2 * v2

v1 = (c2 * v2)/ c1

v1 = (5 mm * 200 ml)/ 100 mm

v1= 10 ml

In chemistry a solution is known as a homogeneous mixture of two or more components called:

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The volume in units of  in^3 is 6030.72 in^3.

The volume in units of 6.03x10^3 in3

1ft = 12 inch

So to convert foot into inches we have to multiply by 12

The volume of container = 3.49ft^3

=3.49×12×12×12

= 6030.72 in^3

The amount of space a container encloses, or how much room is inside of it, is measured by its volume. The volume of a box can be calculated using this straightforward formula: volume V = L × W × H for a box with height H, width W, and length L.

Many different units can be used, however because of the way this formula is written, the volume would have length to the third power dimensions. For instance, if the container's measurements are given in metres, the capacity of the box will be given in metres squared, or m3.

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The magnitude of a point charge is 0.189 x 10⁻⁹C.

We have stated that the point charge's electric field is E=2.5 N/C.

Distance from point charge R = 51 cm = 0.51 m

We are aware that the electric field resulting from a point charge is given as E = 1 / 4π∈₀ × Q / R²

so 2.5 = 9 x 10⁹ Q/ 0.68²

The magnitude of a point charge is 0.189 x 10⁻⁹C.

The electric force per unit charge is referred to as the electric field. It is assumed that the field's direction corresponds to the force it would apply to a positive test charge.

From a positive point charge, the electric field radiates outward, and from a negative point charge, it radiates in.

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The correct answer is centrifuge.

Your complete blood is drawn out during an apheresis procedure, which is used to donate platelets. Your blood is spun in a centrifuge to separate your plasma, platelets, and red blood cells. As the blood is divided, the heavier reds cells drop to the bottom and are given back to you.

Between the liquid plasma and the platelets that are tracked into a small pouch that is wrapped around the centrifuge cylinder as the liquid plasma rises. When you donate blood, your spleen releases stockpiled platelets into your bloodstream in an effort to stop the bleeding.

As a result, more platelets and plasma are collected, enabling you to donate one, two, or even three doses of platelets in a single visit. Your healthy bone marrow quickly starts producing additional platelets from stem cells to replace those that have been given while this is happening.

Since only one donor is used for the donation, platelet donors are able to provide patients with a greater amount and higher-quality platelets to aid in their fight for survival.

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Physics has made our lives comfortable because without physics there would be no modern life.

In the modern days before the invention of physics, the life was not as comfortable as today's world. Some basic examples, include controlling the living conditions. In colder days, you can warm yourself using a heater and in hotter days you can cool yourself using an air conditioner.

Physics along with other branches of science led the invention of all the equipment, gadgets, electric devices etc. These inventions makes life easier and comfortable.

Therefore, Physics has made our lives comfortable.

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The angular diameter of the Earth from the surface of the Moon is, between a=1.80226° (at apogee and the Earth is near the horizon) and a=2.02452° (at perigee and for an observer at the equator and when the Earth is at maximum altitude on the meridian)

We calculate the angular diameter of the Earth using the equation:

a=arctanD/d

where a is the angular diameter, D is the physical diameter of the Earth, and d is the distance from the Moon to the Earth.

The equatorial radius of the Earth is rE=6378.1km, the diameter is therefore

D=2×rE=12756.2.

   The mean distance to the Moon is d=384399km. This gives a (mean) angular diameter of a=1.90065°.

At Perigee the distance is d=362,600km. This gives an angular diameter of a=2.01482°

At Apogee the distance is d=405,400km. This gives an angular diameter of a=1.80226°

These Moon-Earth distances are as seen from the centre of the Moon. To calculate the diameter from the surface of the Moon, to subtract the position of the observer along the Moon-Earth axis.

If the observer is on the Moon's equator and the Earth is at zero-hour angle, the distance to the Earth needs to be subtracted by rM=1738.14km. Thus, we have;

 The mean distance to the Moon is d=384399−1738=382661km, giving an angular diameter of a=1.90928°.

At Perigee the distance is d=362600−1738=360862km. We have an angular diameter of a=2.02452°

At Apogee the distance is d=405400−1738=403662km. We have an angular diameter of a=1.81001°

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The depiction of changing chemical compounds that best describes the flow of nitrogen from the atmosphere, through the nitrogen cycle, and back into the atmosphere is N2 → NH4+ → NO3- → N2

Ammonification: The formation of ammonia or its compounds from nitrogenous compounds, especially as a result of bacterial decomposition. It is given by this equation: N2 → NH4+

Nitrification: The biological oxidation of ammonia with oxygen into nitrite followed by the oxidation of these nitrites into nitrates. It is given by this equation: NH4+ → NO3-

De-nitrification: A microbially facilitated process of nitrate reduction that may ultimately produce molecular nitrogen (N2) through a series of intermediate gaseous nitrogen oxide products.

NO3- → N2

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The Industrial Revolution led to the creation of jobs in human resources because more people were going to work on farms and in small shops and is therefore denoted as option A.

This is referred to a period which experienced a change from a handicraft economy to one which was dominated by a lot of technological innovations and productions.

This period led to the production of a lot of machines which helped to make jobs easier for the workers. It led to the increase in the way different goods and products were processed which led to the need to employ more people to run the operations.

Working on farms with equipment such s tractors, plough etc and the creation of shops to sell more processed goods is what led to the creation of jobs in human resources.

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A fluid's specific gravity is determined by comparing its density to the density of a standard reference fluid, often water.

13,580,1000 ≈ 13.6

Mercury is a highly heavy, dense metal that is silver-white and liquid at normal temperature. Because water has a density of 1.0 g/mL, and mercury has a density of 13.5 g/mL, it feels quite weighty for such a small amount of mercury.

Mercury also has a very high surface tension, which causes tiny mercury droplets to condense on glass to create virtually spherical beads. Liquid mercury can be used in thermometers like the lab thermometer below because it expands and shrinks predictably with temperature. However, due to the element's health risks, the usage of mercury thermometers has generally been discontinued.

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In the photoelectric effect, a beam of light impinges on metal, and it is observed that electrons are ejected from the metal in greater numbers as the intensity of light increases.

In physics, the photoelectric effect refers to a phenomenon in which the emission of charged particles takes place from a material or substance after absorbing electromagnetic radiation.

When light hits the surface of the material then electrons are released known as photoelectrons.

This phenomenon better explains the quantum nature of electrons and light.

Moreover, the study of the dual nature of wave particles has further expanded the scope, investigation, and understanding of the matter.

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From the options provided in the question, the measurement which is not an SI base unit is volume.

This is referred to as the standard and fundamental unit of measurement of various quantities or variables which is defined arbitrarily and not by combinations of other units.

Volume is a quantity which is derived from the combination of lengths in a  three-dimensional manner which is why the formula is length× breadth×height and the unit is cm³. This is gotten from the combination of the unit of length which is cm.

This is therefore the reason why volume was chosen as the most appropriate choice.

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A ball is launched into the air vertically. Because of air resistance, it takes less time to come down than to get up.

The forces that oppose an object's relative motion as it travels through the air are known as air resistance. These drag forces cause the object to move more slowly by acting in opposition to the speed of the incoming flow. Since drag is the part of the net aerodynamic force operating in the opposite direction to the direction of the movement, it differs from other resistance forces in that it directly depends on velocity.

Another way to describe it is to say that air resistance is caused by the leading surface of the object smacking with air molecules. Therefore, it can be claimed that the object's speed and cross-sectional area are the two most frequent variables that directly affect the quantity of air resistance. Thus, an increase in air resistance will be caused by both increasing speeds and cross-sectional areas.

In the context of aerodynamics and flight, the term "drag" refers to both the forces opposing and perpendicular to propulsion (i.e. lift). Depending on the circumstances, atmospheric drag can be either a positive or negative factor in astrophysics. When a spacecraft is returning to Earth from orbit, it both uses fuel and reduces efficiency during takeoff.

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