1. Bonds formed by equal sharing of a pair of electrons are called nonpolar covalent bonds because there is a uniform charge across the molecule along all axes.
2. Non-uniform or unequal sharing of a pair of electrons produces a polar covalent bond where a relative charge distribution is seen across the molecule.
3. Bonds formed when two atoms or compounds respectively donate and receive electrons are called ionic bonds and readily dissociate in water.
4. Attractions between polarized molecules (intermolecular bonding) are called hydrogen bonds and can also form between polarized regions of the same molecule (intramolecular bonding).
5. Attractions between adjacent atoms due to constantly fluctuating electron clouds are called Van der Waals forces.
Van der Waals forces are the weak intermolecular forces that exist between molecules. They are the result of the fluctuating dipoles created by the movement of electrons within a molecule. These forces can cause the molecules to attract or repel one another, leading to the formation of temporary bonds.
The strength of Van der Waals forces is much weaker than other forces like covalent or ionic bonds, but they play a significant role in determining the properties of liquids and gases. For example, the weak nature of these forces means that liquids have a lower boiling point compared to solids.
Van der Waals forces are also responsible for the phenomenon of adsorption, where molecules stick to a surface, and for the formation of supramolecular structures like micelles, vesicles, and liquid crystals. These forces are also crucial in determining the stability of large biomolecules like proteins and DNA.
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Complete Question:
Complete each statement by dragging the proper word into the appropriate blank and then place each sentence in order from the strongest to weakest chemical bond.
1. Bonds formed by equal sharing of a pair of electrons are called ______ covalent bonds because there is a uniform charge across the molecule along all axes.
2. Non-uniform or unequal sharing of a pair of electrons produces a _____ covalent bond where a relative charge distribution is seen across the molecule.
3. Bonds formed when two atoms or compounds respectively donate and receive electrons are called _______ bonds and readily dissociate in water.
4. Attractions between polarized molecules (intermolecular bonding) are called ______ bonds and can also form between polarized regions of the same molecule (intramolecular bonding).
5. Attractions between adjacent atoms due to constantly fluctuating electron clouds are called ______ forces.
1. How many atoms are there in 2 moles of Helium?
2. How many molecules are in 2 moles H2O?
pls show all work!! ty
Answer:
Below
Explanation:
EACH mole is 6.02 x 10^23 particles
1) 2 x 6.02 x 10^23 = 1.204 x 10^24 atoms
2) same as #1 2 x 6.02 x 10^23
Which of the following are true statements with regard to catalyst?
a. A catalyst is formed in the first elementary step of a reaction and consumed by a later step.
b. Catalysts can speed up chemical reactions by providing the reactants with more
energy.
c. Catalysts can speed up chemical reactions by providing an alternate pathway for the reaction that requires less energy.
d. Catalysts can speed up chemical reactions by providing an alternate pathway for the reaction that requires more energy.
e. Catalysts can speed up a chemical reaction by increasing the number of collisions.
f. Catalysts can speed up chemical reactions by forming intermediates and introducing new elementary steps that require less energy.
g. Catalysts are completely consumed in the reaction.
h. Catalysts are regenerated within a chemical reaction.
A: False, because the catalyst appears in the reactant and product in the main reaction, it will not appear in the product in the main reaction in this case
B: False, Catalysts speed up reaction by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction which have lower activation energy
C: True
D: False, Higher activation energy results in a slower reaction
E: False, it only provide an alternative pathway and do nothing with collisions
F: True
G: False, as I said before, catalyst does appears on the product and reactant side on the main reaction
H: True
Microscale glassware kits include connectors to fit the smaller glassware. The black connectors should be used when _____ are present.
Microscale glassware kits include connectors to fit the smaller glassware. The black connectors should be used when high boiling aromatics are present.
Compared to the white connectors, the black connectors are more resistant to the reactant. This suggests that when high boiling aromatics are present, the black connectors should be utilized; otherwise, the tan connections can be used.
As a result, the connectors enable the use of various glassware or components with a single ground glass joint.
Aromatics are organic substances called hydrocarbons that only include the atoms carbon and hydrogen.
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calculate the moles of ammonia present in a 2.475 g sample if the molar mass of ammonia is 17.030 g/mol. and provide your answer here. (show your work for full credit)
In a 2.475 g sample, there will be 0.0014 moles of ammonia present.
What is a molar mass?Atomic mass M is the mass of a chemical compound divided by the molecular weight of the material. The formula for this is MB = m/nB, where m is the total mass of a sample of a pure substance and nB is the molecular weight of substance B. The coherent unit of molar mass in the International System of Units (SI) is kg/mol. However, molar masses are usually generally given in g/mol due to historical considerations.
Weight in grams, w = 2.475 g
Molar mass, m = 17.030 g/mol
No. of moles(n) = weight/molar mass
By substituting the values,
n = 2.475/17.030
n = 0.0014 moles
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What temperature does the following reaction become spontaneous?
Ni(Co)4 (l) --> Ni (s) + 4CO(g)
The reaction would be spontaneous at a low temperature .
What is an exothermic reaction?An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat, light, or sound to the surroundings. The energy released during the reaction decreases the total energy of the system, making the reaction spontaneous.
From the thermochemical equation, we can see that this reaction is exothermic thus the reaction can move in the forward direction when we lower the temperature as shown
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Calculate the shortest wavelength (nm) emitted by an electron in a hydrogen atom undergoing a transition from the n = 4 level.
The shortest wavelength (nm) emitted by an electron in a hydrogen atom undergoing a transition from the n = 4 level is 97.2nm
Wavelength will be emitted, and the highest energy transition that is from n is equal to 4 levels. To the ground level, therefore sets wavelength will be 1 over wavelength will be equal to a ride, constant re into brackets 1 over n
E1 - E4= E => -2.18*10^-18 J [tex]\frac{15}{16\\}[/tex]
=> -2.04*10^-18 joule
ΔE = Ephoton = h∨= hc/∧
here, H is plank's constant, C is the speed of light and ∧ is the wavelength of the incoming photon
∧= hc/Ephoton = (6.622*10^-34j.s)(2.998*10^8)/2.04*10^-18J
=9.720^10^-18m
= 97.20nm
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Every compound is a molecule, but every molecule is not a compound. Why is this? Give an example with your answer.
Answer:
Explanation:
A molecule is a basic unit of a chemical substance made up of two or more atoms that are bonded together. A compound, on the other hand, is a substance made up of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together.
Every compound is a molecule because it is made up of at least two chemically bonded atoms, but not every molecule is a compound because a molecule can be made up of the same type of atoms and not be a compound.
For example, molecular oxygen (O2) is made up of two oxygen atoms, but it is not a compound because both atoms are the same element. On the other hand, water (H2O) is a compound made up of hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
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fill in the blank. halogens are highly reactive___agents that___. multiple choice question. oxidizing; cause mutations in dna alkylating; cause mutations in dna oxidizing; cause damage to proteins alkylating; cause damage to proteins
Hence option oxidizing and cause damage to proteins is correct.
Halogens are highly reactive oxidizing agents that cause damage to proteins.
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine (I), astatine, and tennessine are the six chemically related elements that make up the group of elements known as "halogens" in the periodic table. However, some authors would exclude tennessine because its chemistry is unknown and is theoretically expected to be more similar to that of gallium.
In a redox chemical reaction, an oxidising agent is a material that "accepts" or "receives" an electron from a reducing agent. So every substance that oxidises another material is an oxidant.
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identify the following as alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkenes, or alkynes. identify the compounds by dragging the appropriate labels to their respective targets.
Gasoline, rubber, and plastics all use alkane, alkene, and alkyne, respectively. Examples of alkanes include methane (CH4) and ethane (C2H6). Alkenes include substances like propane (C3H8) and ethene.
There are how many different kinds of alkanes?Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons in nature. Saturated hydrocarbons are alkanes with only one atom in the chemical structure. The formula for an alkane is CnH2n+2. Methane, butane, propane, and ethane are the four alkanes.
How come ch4 is an alkane?The simplest alkane molecule, methane, is made up of one carbon atom and four covalently bound hydrogen atoms. The compounds were detected as the methyl compound is created when we swap out one hydrogen atom for another atom or molecule.
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for each atom in its ground state, determine the number of electrons in each energy shell. if there are no electrons in an energy shell, enter a 0 for that shell.
Electrons in energy shell 1 2 2 2 2, Electrons in energy shell 2 4 8 8 8, Electrons in energy shell 3 blank blank 3 8, Electrons in energy shell 4 blank, blank blank 2.
How can you determine how many electrons are present in each shell?Only a specific number of electrons can fit in each shell: the first shell can hold up to two, the second shell up to eight (2 + 6) electrons, the third shell up to 18 (2 + 6 + 10) electrons, and so on. The nth shell can theoretically accommodate up to 2(n2) electrons, according to the general formula.
How can you determine how many electrons are present at each energy level?The formula for an energy level's maximum number of electrons is 2 (n2). The energy level's fundamental quantum number, n, is present here. As a result, the first orbit has 2(12)=2 electrons, the second orbit has 8 electrons, and so on.
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Question:
For the following atoms in their ground state, determine theb number of electrons in each energy shell. If there are no electrons in the particular energy shell, leave that answer box blank.
Total Electrons in the atom
6
10
13
20
given 13.22 grams of carbon, how many grams of Fe are produced?Please look at screenshot.
9.24grams of Fe are produced in 13.22 grams of carbon.
What is molar mass ?The term molar mass is defined as the mass in grams of one mole of a substance. The units of molar mass are grams per mole, abbreviated as g/mol.
moles of Carbon = 13.22 g / 12.0107 g/mol
= 1.1 mol
from balanced equation
1 mol of C produces 1 mol of CO accordingly
1.1 mol produces 1.1 mol of Co produces
mass of CO = 1.1 mol x 28.0101 g/mol
=30.85 g CO produces
moles of Fe2O3 = 13.22 g / 159.7 g/mol
= 0.082 mol
from balanced equation
1 mol of Fe2O3 produces 2 moles of Fe accordingly
0.082 mol Fe2O3 produces 0.082 x 2
= 0.165mol
mass of Fe = moles x molar mass
= 0.165 mol x 55.8450 g/mol
= 9.24g
Thus, 9.24grams of Fe are produced in 13.22 grams of carbon.
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fill in the blank. an acid is a substance that___. view available hint(s)for part a an acid is a substance that___. forms covalent bonds with other substances is a versatile solvent contains hydrogen increases the hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous solution reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
An acid is a substance that accepts a pair of electrons and forms a covalent bond with the source of the electrons. A base is a substance that donates an unshared pair of electrons to a recipient species that can share the electrons.
A chemical that, when combined with certain metals, emits hydrogen ions in water and forms salts. Acids have a sour taste and cause certain dyes to turn red. Some acids produced by the body, such as gastric acid, can aid organ function. Hydrochloric acid is an example of an acid.
A substance that can accept hydrogen ions in water and neutralise acids. Bases have a soapy or slick feel to them and can turn certain dyes blue. Sodium hydroxide is an example of a base. The pH scale is used to quantify basicity.
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experimental procedure, part a.1. determine the mass of solid kio3 required for the preparation of 250 ml of a 0.01m kio3 solution. the molar mass of potassium iodate is 214.02 g/mol.
The mass of solid KIO3 required for the preparation of 250 ml of a 0.01m KIO3 solution is 0.00535 g.
To determine the mass of solid potassium iodate (KIO3) required for the preparation of 250 mL of a 0.01 M solution, we can use the following formula:
molarity = Mass x Volume / 1000 x molar mass
Where:
m = mass of KIO3 (g)
M = molarity of solution (0.01 M)
V = volume of solution (250 mL)
molar mass = molar mass of KIO3 (214.02 g/mol)
First, convert the volume of solution to liters:
V = 250 mL * 1 L / 1000 mL = 0.25 L
Next, put the values into the formula:
m = 0.01 * 0.25 / 1000 * 214.02 g/mol
m = 0.00535 g
Therefore, 0.00535 g of potassium iodate is required to prepare 250 mL of a 0.01 M KIO3 solution.
In this calculation, we used the relationship between the molarity (M), volume (V), and mass (m) of a solution to determine the amount of solid potassium iodate required to prepare a specified volume and concentration of the solution. This relationship is expressed by the formula:
molarity = Mass x Volume / 1000 x molar mass
where m is the mass of solute, M is the molarity of the solution, V is the volume of the solution, and molar mass is the molecular weight of the solute. The division by 1000 is necessary because the volume was expressed in liters and the molar mass in grams.
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Please help me with this
Basically the concave mirror will change it because of the curved look same thing with convex
which pair of elements is most likely to form an ionic bond
a. nitrogen and oxygen
b. carbon and oxygen
c. sulfur and oxygen
d. calcium and oxygen
According to the electronic configuration, the pair of elements which is most likely to form an ionic bond is calcium and oxygen.
What is electronic configuration?Electronic configuration is defined as the distribution of electrons which are present in an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.It describes how each electron moves independently in an orbital.
Knowledge of electronic configuration is necessary for understanding the structure of periodic table.It helps in understanding the chemical properties of elements.
Elements undergo chemical reactions in order to achieve stability. Main group elements obey the octet rule in their electronic configuration while the transition elements follow the 18 electron rule. Noble elements have valence shell complete in ground state and hence are said to be stable.
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How can changes in electric and magnetic forces cause water to disappear from a planet?
Answer:
The evaporation amount of water disappear increase 38.98% after magnetization. An electric field can rotate water molecules upwards with the torsion force.
Explanation:
the effect of magnetic field (MF) on the partial physical properties of water are reported, tap water (TW) and 4 types of magnetized water (MW) were measured in the same condition. It was found that the properties of TW were changed following the MF treatment, shown as the increase of evaporation amount, the decrease of specific heat and boiling point after magnetization, the changes depend on the magnetization effect. The electric field concentrates the negative charge on the oxygen atom. The negative charge declines from -0.383 to -0.414 and, at the same time, the positive charge increased from 0.191 to 0.207. Thus, water molecule becomes more acidic and more prone to form dimmers, trimmers and so on.
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Select all of the following options that must be done in case of a fire alarm or other evacuation (when feasible).
a. gather your belongings
b. turn off all hot plates & other heating apparatus
c. turn off all water
d. stay in the lab to finish your experiment
option a,b,c are correct.gather your belongings,turn off all hot plates & other heating apparatus, turn off all water these are options that must be done in case of a fire alarm or other evacuation .
To guarantee your safety, take prompt action when the fire alarm goes off. The fire alarm system was created and constructed to give you a head start so you may safely leave the building in an emergency.Never dismiss a warning or believe it to be fake or the outcome of a test.The nearest and safest exit and/or stairs must be used by everyone to leave the building.Never leave during a fire alarm activation in an elevator.Once outside, make your way away from the structure. Gather on the sidewalk of the building next door or across the street.The firefighters and fire engines will be working in front of the structure. Don't stand in their way as they enter the building.
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FILL THE BLANK An ionic compound is formed when ions of __________charge attract. An ionic compound is __________ overall even though it contains charged particles; therefore it must contain equal numbers of positive and negative ___________.
When ions with opposing charges attract, an ionic compound is created. Although it contains charged particles, an ionic substance is overall neutral.
What are your understandings of ionic compounds?Ions are charged particles that form when an atom (or group of atoms) receives or loses an electron, and ionic compounds are composed of these charged particles. An anion is a negatively charged ion, whereas a cation is a positively charged ion.
What are ionic compounds of two elements?For example, table salt or sodium chloride are two-element ionic compounds. Here, an ionic bond is created when the sodium ion, Na+, attracts the chlorine atom (ion), C l -, which has a negative charge.
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please answer the following
Answer:
Explanation:
principal diffuse. fundamental orbital
aldehydes and ketones have higher boiling points than alkanes of the same molecular mass. which of the following options correctly describes this observation?
The correct option is (a) i.e. Dipole-dipole interactions between aldehydes and ketones are more powerful than the dispersion forces of alkanes.
Aldehydes and ketones have higher boiling points than alkanes of the same molecular mass due to the presence of polar carbonyl functional groups (-C=O) in aldehydes and ketones. The carbonyl group introduces a polar nature to the molecule, which allows for stronger intermolecular forces, such as dipole-dipole interactions, to exist. Alkanes, on the other hand, are nonpolar and do not have polar functional groups, so the intermolecular forces are weaker. Therefore, aldehydes and ketones have a higher boiling point than alkanes of the same molecular mass.
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Question - Aldehydes and ketones have higher boiling points than alkanes of the same molecular mass.
(a) Dipole-dipole interactions between aldehydes and ketones are more powerful than the dispersion forces of alkanes.
(b) Aldehydes and ketones exhibit dipole-dipole interactions, which are weaker than the dispersion forces of alkenes.
(c) Aldehydes and ketones exhibit dipole-dipole interactions, which are acidic than the london forces of alkenes.
(d) None of the above
Which of the following changes will result in a net increase in the vapor pressure of a liquid?
adding more liquid to the container
decrease in surface area of the liquid
increase in temperature
replacing the liquid with one with stronger intermolecular forces
Solution: Out of the following changes the Increase in temperature results in the increase in vapor pressure of liquid because at higher temperature kinetic energy increases which results in high vapor pressure.
Vapor pressure of liquid is the pressure exerted by the vapor of liquid on the walls of container. Vapor pressure of liquid depends on many factors such as
1. Nature of liquid
2. Liquids boiling point
3. Temperature of liquid
4. Concentration of liquid
At particular temperature the vapor pressure decreases with increase in the magnitude of intermolecular force between the molecules. Boiling point has inverse relation with vapor pressure, lower the vapor pressure higher the boiling point. Temperature is directly related to vapor pressure. High temperature means high kinetic energy which means the liquid molecule with high kinetic energy tends to convert in to vapor results in high vapor pressure. If we add solute in any liquid the vapor pressure of liquid decreases.
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each of the following statements describes an intermolecular force. for each statement, indicate if it describes london dispersion forces (l), dipole-dipole forces (d), or hydrogen bonding (h).
This statement describes London Forces (L): occurs in all molecules. This statement describes dipole forces (D): occurs in polar molecules. This statement describes hydrogen bonding (H): is the strongest intermolecular force.
The following is a brief explanation of each intermolecular force and how it is categorized:
1. Occurs in all molecules: London Forces (L) - this is the weakest of the intermolecular forces and is present in all molecules, regardless of their polarity.
2. Occurs in polar molecules: Dipole forces (D) - this is a result of the interaction between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.
3. Is the strongest intermolecular force: Hydrogen Bonding (H) - this is the strongest intermolecular force and occurs in molecules where hydrogen is covalently bonded to nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), or fluorine (F).
4. Is affected by the shape of the molecule: London Forces (L) - the strength of London forces is affected by the shape of the molecule, but dipole and hydrogen bonding forces are not.
5. Occurs when a temporary dipole is formed: London Forces (L) - this occurs when the electrons in a molecule are momentarily displaced, creating a temporary dipole.
6. Occurs in molecules where hydrogen is covalently bonded to N, O, or F: Hydrogen Bonding (H) - hydrogen bonding occurs when hydrogen is covalently bonded to nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), or fluorine (F).
7. Strength of the force depends on how many protons and electrons are in the molecule: Dipole forces (D) - the strength of dipole forces depends on the magnitude of the polarity of the molecule, which is determined by the number of protons and electrons present. London forces and hydrogen bonding are not affected by the number of protons and electrons in the molecule.
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Question - 'Each of the following statements describes an intermolecular force. For each statement indicate if it describes London Forces (L), dipole forces (D); or hydrogen bonding (H): occurs in all molecules occurs in polar molecules is the strongest intermolecular force is affected by the shape of molecule occur when temporary dipole is formed occurs in molecules where hydrogen is covalently bonded t0 0, N, or F strength of the force depends on how many protons and electrons are in the molecule'. explain briefly
review the safety data sheet (sds) (click the sds icon below) for hydrogen peroxide, then identify the best course of action for each type of chemical exposure. - If inhaled: move person to fresh air. - In case of eye contact: rinse w water for 15 mins. - If swallowed: rinse mouth w water. - In case of skin contact: take off any contaminated clothing & rinse thoroughly.
For hydrogen peroxide, the best course of action for each type of chemical exposure is as follows:
If inhaledIn case of eye contactIf swallowedIn case of skin contactExplanation of each of the types of chemical exposure to hydrogen peroxide:
If inhaled: Move the person to an area with fresh air, and seek medical attention if necessary.In case of eye contact: Rinse the eyes with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention if necessary.If swallowed: Rinse the mouth with water and seek medical attention immediately.In case of skin contact: Remove any contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area thoroughly with water. Seek medical attention if necessary.Learn more about data sheet
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draw the structure of product that would be foremd when 1 butanol reacts with sodium hydride then 1 bromethane
The reaction between 1-butanol and sodium hydride would produce 1-butanol sodium hydride adduct. The reaction between 1-bromethane and 1-butanol sodium hydride adduct would produce an alkoxide intermediate which would then react with the bromide ion to produce the final product: 1-bromo-1-butanol. The structure of the final product is as follows:
R-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH + NaH -> R-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-ONa
R-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-ONa + Br-CH3 -> R-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-O-Br + Na+ + CH3-
where R represents the rest of the molecule.
When 1-butanol reacts with sodium hydride, it forms sodium butoxide. Then, when 1-bromethane is added to this reaction mixture, it reacts with sodium butoxide to form an alkoxide intermediate. This intermediate can then undergo an elimination reaction to give the final product, which is a substituted alkene. The exact structure of the final product will depend on the conditions of the reaction and the specific details of the reactants used.
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Latoya measured 60 mL of vinegar into a bottle she measured 5 g of baking soda into a balloon. She placed a balloon over the top of the bottle. It shook the baking soda into the vinegar. She repeated the steps adding 10,15 and 20 g of baking soda she put her observations in the table, which conclusion is supported by her data.
In all the cases, a homogeneous solution is formed. Solubility is the measure of a solute's ability to dissolve in a solvent.
What is solution?A solute plus a solvent make up a solution. The thing that dissolves in the solvent is called the solute. Solubility is the measure of a solute's ability to dissolve in a solvent.
Latoya measured 60 mL of vinegar into a bottle she measured 5 g of baking soda into a balloon. She placed a balloon over the top of the bottle. It shook the baking soda into the vinegar. She repeated the steps adding 10,15 and 20 g of baking soda. In all the cases, a homogeneous solution is formed.
Therefore, in all the cases, a homogeneous solution is formed.
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consider two separate gas containers at the following condition how is th epressuere in container b related to the pressure in container a
The pressure in container B is twice the pressure in container A.
In the physical sciences, pressure is defined as the stress at a point within a confined fluid or the perpendicular force per unit area. A 42-pound box with a bottom area of 84 square inches will impose pressure on a surface equal to the force divided by the area it is applied to, or half a pound per square inch. The weight of the atmosphere pressing down on each square inch of the Earth's surface is known as atmospheric pressure, which is approximately 15 pounds per square inch at sea level. One pascal is equal to one newton per square meter when expressing pressure in SI units.
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Question:
Consider Two Separate Gas Containers At The Following Conditions:
Name an atom that loses one electron when it reacts with another atom
According to the electronic configuration, sodium is an atom that loses one electron when it reacts with another atom.
What is electronic configuration?Electronic configuration is defined as the distribution of electrons which are present in an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.It describes how each electron moves independently in an orbital.
Knowledge of electronic configuration is necessary for understanding the structure of periodic table.It helps in understanding the chemical properties of elements.
Elements undergo chemical reactions in order to achieve stability. Main group elements obey the octet rule in their electronic configuration while the transition elements follow the 18 electron rule.
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Consider the reaction:
C (s) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) ΔHrxn = -393.5 kJ
What mass of carbon (in g) must be reacted via this mechanism to release 483.1 kJ of heat?
Taking into account the definition of enthalpy of a chemical reaction, 14.76 grams of carbon must be reacted to release 483.1 kJ of heat.
Definition of enthalpy of a chemical reactionThe enthalpy of a chemical reaction as the heat absorbed or released in a chemical reaction when it occurs at constant pressure. That is, the heat of reaction is the energy that is released or absorbed when chemicals are transformed into a chemical reaction.
The enthalpy is an extensive property, that is, it depends on the amount of matter present.
Mass of carbon reactedThe balanced reaction is:
C (s) + 2 O₂ (g) → CO₂ (g)
The enthalpy reaction ∆H° has a value of -393.5 kJ/mol.
This equation indicates that when 1 mole of C reacts with 2 moles of O₂, 393.5 kJ of heat is released.
Then you can apply the following rule of three: if 393.5 kJ are released if 1 mol of C react, 483.1 kJ are released if how many moles of C react?
moles of C= (483.1 kJ× 1 mole of C) ÷393.5 kJ
moles of C= 1.23 moles
Being the molar mass of C 12 g/mole, the mass of C reacted as calculated as:
mass of C= 1.23 moles× 12 g/mole
mass of C= 14.76 grams
14.76 grams of carbon react.
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Calcium metal reacts readily with water according to the equation: Ca + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 + H2 If 3.23 g of Ca react with 2.33 g of H2O, what is the limiting reactant in this reaction? (Be sure to show your work.)
In the given chemical equation, the limiting reactant is calcium as the amount of it present will limit the product formation once it is used up.
What is chemical equation?Chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction which is written in the form of symbols and chemical formulas.The reactants are present on the left hand side while the products are present on the right hand side.
A plus sign is present between reactants and products if they are more than one in any case and an arrow is present pointing towards the product side which indicates the direction of the reaction .There are coefficients present next to the chemical symbols and formulas .
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according to vesper model, the progressive decrease in the bondangles in the series of molecules ch4, nh3, and h2o is best accounted for by the
there are more and more electron pairs that are not shared.Because there are more non-bonding electrons, 0, 1, and 2 correspondingly.
the decreasing order of the bond angle is NO2+>NO2>NO2. Due to the fact that lone pair-lone pair repulsion is stronger than bond pair-bond pair repulsion, this enhances the repulsion between nonbonding electrons. Bond angles diminish as a single pair of electrons at the central atom begin to resist the bound pair of electrons, slightly inward shifting the bonds. An increase in the bond angle occurs as the back bonding rises. The size of nonbonding pairs is greater than that of bonded pairs. Their stronger repulsions tend to reduce a molecule's bond angles.As we move from top to bottom, the bond angle reduces from NH3 to BiH3 due to the core atom's decreased electronegativity. The bond angle of the molecule reduces as the electronegativity of the central atom decreases.
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