The atomic mass of the element that has two naturally occurring isotopes, isotope 1 has a mass of 120.9038 amu and a relative abundance of 57.4 %, and isotope 2 has a mass of 122.9042 amu = 121.7559
The weighted average of the atomic masses of each isotope is the atomic mass. When calculating a weighted average, each value is multiplied by a number that indicates its relative importance. In this scenario, each isotope's relative importance is indicated by its percent abundance.
The abundance of one isotope is 57.4%, while the abundance of the other is 42.6%.
100% - 57.4 % = 42.6%
Hence,
(120.9038) 0.574) + (122.9042)(0.426)
= 69.3988 + 52.3572
= 121.7559
So, the atomic mass of this element = 121.7559
The element is Sb, antimony with 121.76 atomic mass
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The empirical rule tells the approximate percentage of the data which falls into certain ranges. to which distributions does the empirical rule apply?
The Empirical Rule (or 68-95-99.7 Rule) applies to data that follows a normal distribution.
This means that roughly 68% of the data will fall within one standard deviation of the mean, 95% of the data will fall within two standard deviations of the mean, and 99.7% of the data will fall within three standard deviations of the mean.
This means that if you have a normal distribution, you can use the Empirical Rule to predict how much of your data will fall within certain ranges. For example, if you know the mean and standard deviation of your data, you can use the rule to approximate how many of your scores will fall within a certain range. This can be useful for understanding the spread of your data and making predictions about it.
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if 50 g of sugar were added to 100 g of water at 20 oc to form a solution, how would you describe the solution?
If 50g of sugar is added to 100g of water at 20° C to form a solution, this would form a saturated solution with 33.33% concentration of sugar in the solution.
When 50 g of sugar is dissolved in 100g of water, it would form a saturated solution with 150g of total mass. This can be verified as:
Mass of the solute (sugar) = 50g
Mass of the solvent = 100g
Mass of the solution = 50 + 100 = 150g
Now, the mass concentration of sugar could be found as:
Mass of the solute/ Mass of the solution × 100
= 50/150 × 100 = 33.33%.
A saturated solution is one in which, at a given temperature, the maximum quantity of solute has dissolved in the solvent. A solute's saturation point is influenced by its concentration. A solute's saturation point rises with increasing concentration. This is due to the fact that more particles are accessible to dissolve in the solvent with a greater solute concentration.
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When ammonium chloride is dissolved in water the solution becomes colder. The change is
Ammonium chloride undergoes an endothermic process when it is dissolved in water. The solution cools as a result. The transformation is hence endothermic.
Ammonium chloride makes water cooler for what reason?Thermal Responses
A beaker would get frigid if ammonium chloride was added and then dissolved in water. This is due to the endothermic nature of the reaction, in which the water-based solvent and its surroundings provide energy for the ammonium chloride to absorb.
In cold water, does ammonium chloride dissolve?An inorganic substance with the formula NH4Cl, ammonium chloride is white, crystalline salt that is very soluble in water.
Why are cold packs made using ammonium chloride?Ammonium chloride, or NH4Cl, is safer to use and also causes a significant temperature drop. 4. When the temperature rises as the sodium carbonate dissolves, your students might be taken aback.
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Calculate the molar mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, mgso4·7h2o.
The molar mass of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate,MgSO₄·7H₂O is 246 g/mol. So option D is correct.
Molar mass of MgSO₄⋅ 7H₂O can be found as by calculating the masses of all the atoms in the formulae as follows;
mass of Mg = 24.305
mass of S = 32.065
mass of O = 16
so by putting all these in formula we can find the molar mass of MgSO₄·7H₂O as
Molar mass = 24.305 + 32.065 + 16×4 + 7 (1.008×2 +16)
Molar mass = 24.305 + 32.065 + 64 + 7 (18.016)
Molar mass = 24.305 + 32.065 + 64 + 126.112
Molar mass = 246.482 g /mol
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two beakers each contain 200 ml of water. into one beaker, a student adds 5.0 g naf. into the other, she adds 5.0 g kf. what is the expected effect on the boiling points of the solutions?
The addition of NaF to one beaker of water would result in a decrease in the boiling point of the solution, while the addition of KF to the other beaker would result in an increase in the boiling point of the solution.
Effects of NaF and KF on Boiling Point of WaterAdding NaF (Sodium Fluoride) and KF (Potassium Fluoride) to two separate beakers of water would result in different effects on the boiling point of the solutions. NaF, being a soluble ionic salt, would cause a decrease in the boiling point of the water. This happens because the presence of ions in the solution reduces the strength of the attractive forces between the water molecules, making it easier for them to vaporize at a lower temperature. On the other hand, KF, which is a slightly soluble ionic salt, would result in an increase in the boiling point of the water. This occurs due to the elevation effect of solutes, where the solute particles raise the vapor pressure of the solvent, making it more difficult for the solvent to vaporize. In summary, the boiling point of water can be either raised or lowered depending on the type of ionic salt that is added to it.
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a certain ore is 21.5% 21.5 % nickel by mass. how many kilograms of this ore would you need to dig up to have 50.0 g 50.0 g of nickel?
We would need to dig up 0.233 kg of this ore to have 50.0 g of nickel.
To find the amount of ore required to obtain 50.0 g of nickel, we can use the following calculation:
Ore required = (Desired amount of nickel) / (Percentage of nickel in the ore)
First, we need to convert 50.0 g of nickel to kilograms: 50.0 g = 0.050 kg
Next, we'll use the percentage of nickel in the ore:
Ore required = (0.050 kg) / (0.215) = 0.233 kg
So, you would need to dig up 0.233 kg of this ore to have 50.0 g of nickel.
Dimensional analysis is a crucial component of calculations in chemistry since it transforms one unit or quantity into another. You must first determine the conversion factors in order to get the desired unit before doing the conversion. Expressing a given unit to another unit is crucial because some chemistry problems call for conversions to be made before applying a particular equation.
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2H2+O2 - 2H2
What will be the volume of water vapor produced when 8 grams of H2 reacts at STP
2H₂ + O₂ ⇒ 2H₂ for this reaction the volume of water vapor produced when 8 grams of H₂ reacts at STP is 179.2 Litre.
What do you mean by STP ?The standard temperature and pressure (STP) adverts to the nominal conditions in the atmosphere at sea level. These conditions are 0 degrees Celsius and 1 atmosphere (atm) of pressure.
The formula for STP can be represented as, VP = nRT.
"P" is pressure, "V" is volume, n is the number of moles of a gas, "R" is the molar gas constant and "T" is temperature.
Given:
Number of mole = 8 grams
8 g of hydrogen = 8 × 1
= 8 mol.
At STP 1 mole H₂ occupies 22.4 L volume.
Therefore, 8 moles of hydrogen occupy = 8 × 22.4
= 179.2 L.
Thus, the volume of water vapor produced when 8 grams of H₂ reacts at STP is 179.2 Litre.
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a mixture is made by combining 1.99 lb of salt and 4.88 lb of water. what is the percentage of salt (by mass) in this mixture?
Answer:
29%
Explanation:
1.99 / ( 1.99 + 4.88) x 100% = ~ 29%
what functional group is polar and makes compounds more soluble in water
The alcohol functional group is polar and makes compounds more soluble in water.
Does water cause the dissolution of polar functional groups?According to the polarity of the systems, the simple rule "like dissolves like" applies: polar molecules tend to disperse in polar solvents (such as water and alcohols), while non-polar molecules tend to dissolve in non-polar solvents (e.g. hydrocarbon hexane).
What department is more polarized?Alkyl halides, ethers, amines, thiols, and alcohols. Because the bonding atoms' electronegativities differ more, these functional groups are noticeably more polar.
What substance is polar and increases the solubility of substances in water?Methanol is hence a polar solvent and polar solute that is miscible (soluble in water). For dissolving molecules with alcohol, amino, and acidic functional groups, it is the most polar organic solvent.
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Use stoichiometry calculations and show all work:
calculate how many grams of PbSO4 would be produced if 5.5 grams of LiNO3 were produced.
Reaction: Li2SO4(aq) + Pb(NO3)(aq) = 2LiNO3(aq) + PbSO4(s)
Answer:
Explanation:
The reaction you provided is a balanced chemical equation, meaning that for every mole of LiNO3 produced, an equal amount of PbSO4 is produced. However, since you only know the amount of LiNO3 produced (5.5 grams), you can use stoichiometry to find the amount of PbSO4 produced.
First, you need to convert the amount of LiNO3 to moles:
5.5 g LiNO3 / 6.939 g/mol = 0.796 mol LiNO3
Next, using the stoichiometry of the reaction, you can find the number of moles of PbSO4 produced:
0.796 mol LiNO3 * (1 mole PbSO4 / 2 moles LiNO3) = 0.398 moles PbSO4
Finally, you can convert the number of moles of PbSO4 to grams:
0.398 moles PbSO4 * 247.77 g/mol = 98.42 g PbSO4
So, if 5.5 grams of LiNO3 were produced, then 98.42 grams of PbSO4 would be produced.
the smallest division on a 10 ml graduated cylinder is 0.1 ml. suppose a reading was exactly on the 10 ml mark, how should this readind be recorded ?
The smallest division on a 10 ml graduated cylinder is 0.1 ml. suppose a reading was exactly on the 10 ml mark, The reading should be recorded as 10.0 ml. Because the smallest division on a 10 ml graduated cylinder is 0.1 ml, and the reading was exactly on the 10 ml mark, the most precise and accurate way to record the reading is to include all the significant digits, which in this case would be 10.0 ml.
A graduated cylinder is a laboratory glassware used to measure the volume of liquids. It has a cylindrical shape with graduated markings on the side, allowing for precise measurement of the volume of a liquid. The liquid is usually added to the cylinder until it reaches the desired volume, which can be read from the markings on the side. Graduated cylinders come in different sizes and with different increments of markings, depending on the level of precision needed for a particular application.
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In an experiment searching for the photoelectric effect, an incident beam of green light did not eject any electrons from a metal. In order to eject electrons, the experimenter should
Group of answer choices
try red light.
increase the brightness of the green light.
try blue light.
decrease the brightness of the green light.
try a combination of infrared and microwave.
Therefore, the experimenter should use blue light, that has a high number and intensity than green light, instead of red light, to expel electrons in the photographic reaction experiment.
What is the aim of photoelectric?When determining the position (or lack) of an item or the distances here between point and an object, a photodiode sensor is utilized. It has a photodiode receiver as well as a transmitter that emits visible red or infrared light.
What exactly is a photoelectric material?Materials that can produce, transform, transport, process, and store light signals are referred to as optoelectronic materials. mostly semiconductor photoelectric materials are among them.
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What type of reaction combines a carbon-hydrogen compound with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water?
Hydrogen combustion is a type of reaction that combines a carbon-hydrogen compound with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
The process of a hydrocarbon reacting chemically with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and heat is known as hydrogen combustion. Molecules with both hydrogen and carbon make up hydrocarbons.
hydrogen combustion are most known for being the main component of coal, natural gas, and petroleum, which are all types of fossil fuels. In hydrogen combustion, liquid or gaseous hydrogen is burned to provide thrust in a modified gas turbine engine.
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which of these statements about atoms is incorrect? group of answer choices atoms are the smallest visible particles of an element. atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. atoms are the building blocks of all matter. the smallest identifiable unit of an element is the atom. there are 91 different naturally occurring atoms.
There are 91 different naturally occurring atoms is incorrect. There are 118 different naturally occurring atoms.
Atoms are unable to exist on their own. The tiniest component of an element, an atom shares the same chemical characteristics as the element as a whole. Atoms, which make up all matter, are unbreakable and indivisible. An atom is the smallest piece of stuff. Protons, electrons, and neutrons are the charge, neutral, and vacuum particles that make up the nucleus of every atom. Protons and electrons both occur in equal numbers in an atom. Because the number of protons and electrons in an atom is always equal, an atom is electrically neutral.
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Simple diffusion of a molecule down its concentration gradient requires an input of energy to the system.a. Trueb. False
The statement is False. Simple diffusion of a molecule down its concentration gradient requires an input of energy to the system.
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by means of the full quantity of a mixture. numerous forms of mathematical description may be distinguished: mass awareness, molar attention, range concentration, and volume concentration. The concentration can discuss with any type of chemical aggregate, However, most regularly refers to solutes and solvents in solutions. The molar (amount) concentration has versions, along with everyday awareness and osmotic awareness.
Concentrations are frequently known as degrees, reflecting the intellectual schema of ranges on the vertical axis of a graph, which can be high or low (for instance, "high serum stages of bilirubin" are concentrations of bilirubin within the blood serum that are extra than normal).
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The correct name for p3o2
The correct name for p3o2 is B. Phosphorus pentoxide.
What is Phosphorus pentoxide?Phosphorus pentoxide (P32O2) is a chemical compound composed of phosphorus and oxygen.
It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly reactive and forms acidic solutions when dissolved in water.
This compound is used in a variety of applications, including as a dehydrating agent, a desiccant, and as a raw material for the production of phosphoric acid and other phosphorus compounds.
In general, Phosphorus pentoxide is a strong oxidizing agent, and it reacts with many organic and inorganic compounds to form new compounds.
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We can only do ideal calculations when we are at standard temperature and pressure. Group of answer choicesA) TrueB) False
We can only do ideal gas law calculations when we are at standard temperature and pressure,is True.
The following is the ideal gas equation: PV = nRT Where P is the ideal gas's pressure, V is the ideal gas' volume, n is the ideal gas' molecular weight, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature. Ideal gas law is a precise approximation of the behaviour of several gases under various situations in thermodynamics. The Ideal Gas Equation combines several empirical laws, including Avogadro's, Gay- Lussac's, Boyle's, and Charle's laws. The equation of state for a fictitious ideal gas is known as the ideal gas law. Despite its many flaws, it is a decent approximation of the behaviour of several gases under various situations.
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how many moles of air would be inside the box at the pressure calculated in part c? (at 1 atm a t m pressure, this box would contain 41.4 mol m o l of air.)
41.4 mol air would be inside the box at the pressure calculated in part c.
What is pressure calculation of air mol?
41.4 mol air would be inside the box at the pressure calculated in part c because the pressure of the air inside the box is 1 atm. Since the molar mass of air is 28.97 g/mol, the box would contain 41.4 mol of air at this pressure. The molar mass of air is the average molar mass of the components of air, which are nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, and other trace gases. Therefore, the number of moles air inside the box at the pressure calculated in part c is equal to 41.4 mol.
Calculation of pressure of air inside box.
To calculate the pressure of air inside the box, ideal gas law equation is used which is: [tex]PV = nRT[/tex]
where P is the pressure, V is the volume of the box, n is the number of moles of air, R is the universal gas constant [tex](8.314 J/molK)[/tex], and T is the temperature of the box.
Therefore, the pressure of air inside the box can be calculated as follows:
[tex]P = (41.4 mol) (8.314 J/molK) / (V) (T)[/tex]
where V and T are the volume and temperature of the box, respectively.
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which is an example of a homogeneous mixture? group of answer choices soil (dust) vodka oily water sodium chloride aluminum
An example of a homogeneous mixture is vodka. Mixtures that are homogeneous have the same structure or composition.
Which substance is a mixture that is homogeneous *?A mixture with a uniform composition throughout is known as a homogeneous mixture. Because the dissolved salt is evenly distributed throughout the entire salt water sample, the above-described salt water is homogeneous.
Which of the following is an example of pure water in a homogeneous mixture?Homogeneous Compound: Mixtures are formed when substances do not chemically bond. Pure water (H2O H 2 O) is an example of a compound that is homogeneous. The oxygen forms a bond with the hydrogen. Another example of a homogeneous compound is carbon dioxide.
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if one electron in an atom is excited but does not have enough energy to escape, the energy of the excited electron must have one of a set of quantized values.T/F
True. When one electron within any atom gets excited but lacks the energy to leave the nucleus, its energy must fall into one of set of quantized values.
What is an atom?The fundamental unit of chemistry is the atom. It is the lowest portion of matter where electrical charges particles cannot escape. It is also smallest material with properties resembling chemical elements.
What element contains atoms?An atom is a part of an element. In a given element, there is only one kind of atom per atom. The remaining components of an atom are subatomic particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons. The fusion of elements can produce molecules.
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The reagents and fecl3 are required for the chlorination of benzene via electrophilic aromatic substitution.a. Trueb. False
The statement is true because the reagents chlorine and FeCl3 are required for the chlorination of benzene via electrophilic aromatic substitution.
The chlorine atom acts as the electrophile and attacks the benzene ring, while the FeCl3 acts as a catalyst to facilitate the reaction. The chlorine atom then displaces one of the hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring, forming a chlorobenzene product.
This intermediate then undergoes rearrangement to form a new pi bond, resulting in the substitution of a chlorine atom for the hydrogen atom. This reaction is an important industrial process and is used to produce a variety of useful compounds, including herbicides, solvents, and plasticizers.
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If you dissolve 0.3 moles of hbr in 1 l of water, what do you expect to be present in the beaker after the compounds have had time to react?
If you dissolve 0.3 moles of hydrogen bromide (HBr) in 1 liter of water, Ionization will happen which the HBr will dissociate into its ions, hydrogen (H+) and bromide (Br-). HBr (aq) ⇒ H (+) + Br (-).
Hydrogen bromide in the solution dissociate into in's constituent ions and this is an exothermic reaction. An exothermic reaction involves releasing of heat while progressing the reaction.
The heat that released from this exothermic reaction helps to increase the solubility of HBr in water.
The concentration of H+ ions will determine the pH of the solution. If the pH is 7 then it is neutral, if the pH is above 7 then it is alkaline and below 7 it is acidic.
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graphene is a special form of carbon bonded into a flat sheet that is only one atom thick. what is the bonding type between individual graphene sheets?
Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice pattern. The individual carbon atoms in graphene are bonded to each other through strong covalent bonds.
The bonding type between individual graphene sheets is called van der Waals interactions. These interactions are weak, non-covalent bonds that result from the attraction between the positively charged nucleus of one atom and the negatively charged electrons of another atom.
In the case of graphene, the van der Waals interactions between adjacent graphene sheets are strong enough to hold the layers together, but weak enough to allow for easy separation. This combination of strong covalent bonding within each graphene layer and weak van der Waals interactions between layers makes graphene an ideal material for use in applications such as flexible electronics, energy storage, and water filtration.
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Can pouring cold water on a cold windshield crack it?
What is the total pressure exerted by a mixture containing two gases if the partial pressure of one gas is 70 torr and the partial pressure of the other gas is 30 torr?
The total pressure exerted by a mixture containing two gases is 100 torr.
The sum of the partial pressures of each gas makes up the total pressure exerted by two gases.
In this instance,
The sum of the partial pressures of the first and second gases is the total pressure.
=30+70=100 torr
The overall pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures exerted by each individual gas in the mixture, according to the gas law known as Dalton's law of partial pressures.
The thermodynamic activity of a gas's molecules is gauged by its partial pressure. In contrast to their concentrations in gas mixtures, gases dissolve, diffuse, and respond according to their partial pressures.
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Is the dissolution reaction of ammonium nitrate enthalpy favored? a. No, it is not enthalpy favored since the chemical system loses energy. b. Yes, it is enthalpy favored since the chemical system loses energy. c. No, it is not enthalpy favored since the chemical system gains energy. d. Yes, it is enthalpy favored since the chemical system gains energy. e. No, it is not enthalpy favored since the chemical system neither gains nor loses energy.
c. No, it is not enthalpy favored since the chemical system gains energy.
What causes a spontaneous endothermic reaction when ammonium nitrate dissolves in water?If the temperature of the water lowers while ammonium nitrate dissolves in it, the process is endothermic and heat is absorbed by the system.
What happens when ammonium nitrate is dissolved?Through the process of dissociation into its individual ions, ammonium nitrate readily dissolves in water. Because it was created from a strong acid (HF) and a weak base (NH3), this salt has an acidic character (HNO3). This reaction is extremely exothermic and it happens quickly.
An explanation of spontaneous chemical reactions Was this response a spontaneous one, and if not, why not?A spontaneous reaction favors one that favors the creation of products in the environment in which it is taking place. A campfire that is roaring is an exothermic example of a spontaneous reaction.
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which of the following are colligative properties? group of answer choices enthalpy of formation boiling point elevation density freezing point depression temperature change osmotic pressure
The four complementary characteristics of colligative properties that a solution can display are an increase in boiling point, a decrease in freezing point, a relative decrease in vapor pressure, and an increase in osmotic pressure.
What are colligative properties?
Some characteristics of diluted solutions containing non-volatile solutes depend only on the quantity of solute particles present and not on the solute type. Collaborative qualities are what these traits are known as. Most frequently, diluted solutions exhibit these characteristics.
Collaborative properties can also be defined as those that result from the dissolution of a non-volatile solute in a volatile solvent. Typically, the solute alters the characteristics of the solvent by removing some of the solvent molecules from the liquid phase. Additionally, the concentration of the solvent is reduced as a result of this.
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How much volume does 3 moles of gas occupy at standard temperature and pressure?
At STP, 3 mol of gas will take up 67.2 L.
STP is defined as a temperature of 273.15 K and an absolute pressure of precisely 105 Pa. (100 kPa, 1 bar).
In a perfect world, the volume to mole ratio of a gas will be precise. The ideal gas law, also referred to as the general gas equation, employs an equation to explain the state of a fictitious ideal gas.
The ideal gas law states that the sum of the absolute temperature of the gas and the universal gas constant is equal to the product of the pressure and volume of one gramme of ideal gas molecules.
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You mix 250 ml of 2.1 m hbr with 200 ml of 2.5 m koh . what is the ph of the resulting solution?
When you mix 250 ml of 2.1 m hbr with 200 ml of 2.5 m koh, the resulting solution will have a pH of 13.398 which is slightly basic in nature.
Water and salt are produced when 250 mL of 2.1 mHBR and 200 mL of 2.5 mKOH are combined.
The pH of the final solution can be determined using the amount of hydroxide ions (OH-) generated throughout the process.
The amount of KOH that was added, 2.5 M of OH-, is present in the solution.
The solution's pOH may be computed using the formula -log[OH-], and the pH can be derived by computing the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration.
The pH in this situation is 14 - 0.602 = 13.398 since the pOH is 0.602 in this case.
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to make up 1 l of a 0.5 m solution of edta starting with the free acid, approximately how much 10 m naoh will have to be added to adjust the ph to 7.0? do you expect this solution to have a ph-buffering capacity? explain.
To make up 1 L of a 0.5 M EDTA solution starting with the free acid, you would need to adjust the pH to 7.0 by adding 10 M NaOH. The amount of NaOH required will depend on the initial pH of the EDTA solution and the desired final pH.
As for whether the solution will have a pH buffering capacity, it depends on the range of the pH buffer. EDTA is a weak polyprotic acid with four dissociation constants, and its buffering capacity will be dependent on the ratio of the protonated to deprotonated form of EDTA at a particular pH.
A pH buffer is typically considered to have buffering capacity over a range of pH values close to the pKa of the buffer. Since the pKa values of the four acetic acid groups on EDTA range from 2.0 to 10.26, it's possible that the solution may have buffering capacity over a broad pH range, but it will depend on the final pH achieved after adding NaOH and the concentration of EDTA in the solution.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"To make up 1 l of a 0.5 m solution of EDTA starting with the free acid, approximately how much 10 m NaOH will have to be added to adjust the ph to 7.0? do you expect this solution to have a ph-buffering capacity? the pkas of the four acetic acid groups on edta are 2.0, 2.67, 6.16 and 10.26."--