A disinfectant was added to a culture of bacteria containing 20,000,000 CFUs per milliliter to start. Since the D value of the disinfectant is 1 minute and 20 seconds, there will be 20,000 CFUs per ml after 4 minutes.
Gut bacteria can also be estimated using the CFU/ml. Colony-forming unit, or CFU, is a term used to represent the quantity of live microbes in a probiotic supplement, cheese slice, kombucha, or any other environment that supports single-celled organisms (including your stool).A component of evaluating the effectiveness of novel contact lens disinfecting solutions is the determination of a D value for particular test organisms. The time needed for the number of surviving microorganisms to drop by one logarithmic unit is a frequent definition for this measure.A measure of the quantity of viable colonogenic cells per millilitre is called a colony forming unit (CFU). These give an idea of how many cells are still alive and able to divide and form tiny colonies.To learn more about CFU.
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Among ____________ organisms such as humans, groups of cells with similar functions make up tissues.
Among Multicellular organisms such as humans, groups of cells with similar functions make up tissues.
Multicellular Organism- An organism with numerous cells is said to be multicellular. Technically, "multicellular" refers to more than one because the word "multi" is used to describe multiples of anything. The division of labor and cellular specialization enable the development of multicellular creatures.
Tissues- A collection of cells with similar structures and functions is referred to as a tissue.
Cell- The study of cell structure and function is known as cell biology, and it is based on the idea that a cell is the basic building block of all life. A thorough grasp of the tissues and organisms that cells make up is made possible by concentrating on the cell.
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In the pentose phosphate pathway, which enzyme catalyzes the production of 6-phosphogluconolactone?
Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
In the pentose phosphate pathway, Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is the enzyme that catalyzes the production of 6-phosphogluconolactone.
What is the purpose of the G6PD enzyme?An enzyme called G6PD shields your red blood cells from potentially hazardous toxins. Deficiency develops when the G6PD enzyme's gene alters or mutates, rendering the enzyme incapable of defending red blood cells. Additionally, specific foods and drugs might cause G6PD insufficiency.What signs or symptoms indicate a G6PD deficiency?a quick heartbeat.respiration difficulty.urine that is dark or orange-yellow.fever.fatigue.dizziness.paleness.jaundice, also known as a yellowing of the skin and eye whites.Has G6PD an impact on behavior?The males with G6PD deficiencies displayed noticeably increased hyperkinesis, writing issues, aggressiveness, and a clear tendency toward mood swings. The youngsters with G6PD deficiencies also had a higher incidence of speech impairments.To learn more about Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) visit:
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Do you know how to do this?
all you have to do is read the question then try to do it because some people don't read the question. They question when they are confused all the time now read the question and it will make more easy.
Liam notices that his phone battery is depleting faster than he remembers it should. he suspects that running certain apps on his phone is using up his phone battery.
Yes, this could be the possible reason for the draining up of phone's battery faster than normal.
What is battery?
One or more electrochemical cells with external connections for powering electrical equipment make up an electric battery, which is a source of electric power. A battery's positive terminal serves as the cathode and its negative terminal serves as the anode when it is supplying electricity.
Numerous apps will undoubtedly take up a lot of storage on your cellphone. Let's say you have 60–70 apps, and 18–25 of them require routine synchronization for updates and notifications.
Therefore, even after you have closed all of the apps, they continue to run in the background to notify the feeds. Additionally, background updates use both data and battery.
Therefore, more apps mean more instances of background updating and running. And as a result, it will use battery power proportionally.
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When the art of one age has so defined the characteristics of human beings that it can speak eloquently to another age, we call this ________.
When the art of one age has so defined the characteristics of human beings that it can speak eloquently to another age, we call this universal. The most numerous and ubiquitous species of primates, humans (Homo sapiens) are distinguished by their bipedalism and enormous, complex brains. This has made it possible for the advancement of culture, language, and tools.
Humans are highly social creatures who want to live in elaborate social systems made up of a variety of coexisting and conflicting groupings, ranging from families and kinship networks to political states. Human social interactions have produced a vast range of values, social conventions, and eloquently that support human society.
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Mildly putting pressure on the front of your neck will not affect your ability to swallow. this is because the esophagus is __________ to the trachea.
Mildly putting pressure on the front of your neck will not affect your ability to swallow. this is because the esophagus is dysphagia to the trachea.
What ailments might impair one's capacity to swallow?a disorder that affects the neurological system, such as dementia, multiple sclerosis, head injuries, or stroke. malignancy, such as oesophageal or mouth cancer. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is characterised by oesophageal reflux of stomach acid.
Cervicogenic dysphagia, a term used to describe swallowing issues, has been connected to cervical instability in the neck. The compression of the cervical spine nerve, which has been related to cervical instability, can be a "unseen" cause of acid reflux, esophageal spasms, and difficulty swallowing.
Multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, Parkinson's disease, and myasthenia gravis are among neurological conditions that can impair swallowing.
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Research has found that obesity is related to high blood pressure. this finding means that:_____.
Research has found that obesity is related to high blood pressure. This finding means Obesity is a risk factor for high blood pressure.
Obesity-related hypertension is one of the important public health issue. As the obesity increases, the hypertension with its associated cardiovascular risk will increase. Obesity is an risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease and heart failure, also the possible existence of a metabolically healthy obese phenotype (which could be more appropriately be referred as a lower-risk form of obesity), the important role of regional body fat distribution and ectopic fat accumulation and presence of an obesity and/or BMI paradox in patients with coronary heart disease are all observations that emphasize the remarkable heterogeneity of obesity well.
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Question 3 switch on your light source. make sure it is shining on to a wall. hold your largest plastic shopping bag square between the light source and the wall. what do you observe?
At first, we probably can't see a shadow when we place the object next to the flashlight and not directly into its path of light. But, once we place the object directly in the path, we should can see a shadow on the wall that had the same shape as the object.
What is shadow?
When an opaque item blocks light from a light source, it creates a shadow, which is a dark region. It spreads up into the entire three-dimensional space behind a light-emitting device. A shadow's cross section can be thought of as a backward projection of the item that is obstructing the light in 2-D.
We can't see a shadow when we place the object next to the flashlight and not directly into its path of light because light moves in a straight line, the object could not obstruct the light coming from its source because it was not in the direct path of the light. But, once we place the object directly in the path, we should can see a shadow on the wall that had the same shape as the object because the black shadow on the wall was produced when an opaque object was able to obstruct the light coming from the light source.
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A strain of neisseria gonorrhoeae has undergone a mutation and is no longer able to make pili. predict the most likely outcome.
A strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae has undergone a mutation and is no longer able to make pili because The bacteria will become less virulent and will not be able to readily establish infection.
What is mutation ?A deviation from the typical DNA sequence at a certain gene locus. Although the phrase is frequently associated with negativity, mutations (including polymorphisms) can affect cell activity in ways that are negative, positive, or neutral.
Because they increase genetic variation and the potential for individual differences, mutations are crucial for evolution to take place. For the most part, mutations have no discernible impact on the organisms in which they arise. Natural selection may increase the frequency of advantageous mutations.Base substitutions, deletions, and insertions are the three different forms of DNA mutations.Learn more about Mutation here:
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The surface of the nucleus is bounded by two phospholipid bilayer membranes, collectively called the.
The surface of the nucleus is bounded by two phospholipid bilayer membranes, collectively called the nuclear envelope . The boundary of the nucleus is referred to as the nuclear envelope. It includes phospholipid bilayers: an outer membrane and an internal membrane. The nuclear membrane is non-stop with the endoplasmic reticulum.
The nuclear envelope, additionally referred to as the nuclear membrane, is made of lipid bilayer membranes that during eukaryotic cells surrounds the nucleus, which encloses the genetic material. The nuclear envelope includes lipid bilayer membranes: an internal nuclear membrane and an outer nuclear membrane.
The nuclear envelope has a complicated structure, inclusive of nuclear membranes, an underlying nuclear lamina, and nuclear pore complexes . The nucleus is surrounded with the aid of using a machine of concentric membranes, referred to as the internal and outer nuclear membranes.
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Translate the term rhinitis as literally as possible? nasal inflammation sinus inflammation nasal pain sinus swelling
nasal inflammation, rhinitis is defined as an inflammation of the nasal passages.
What causes inflammation in the nose?Inflammation of the nose caused by irritating particles is known as a nasal allergy (dust, pollen, and dander). Sneezing, itchy eyes and nose, congestion, runny nose, and post nasal drip are all signs of a nasal allergy (mucus in the throat). Common cold symptoms might coexist with sinusitis and allergy symptoms.Can you treat nasal inflammation?In summary, chronic sinusitis is treatable, although it probably necessitates some kind of continuous medical plan or therapy. A diagnostic evaluation must be completed before a doctor can determine whether a patient has chronic sinusitis.Decongestants. These medications assist in easing nasal congestion, nasal edoema, and sinus pressure.
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Selective precipitation of a protein from a crude extract is most effective by which molecule?
Selective precipitation of a protein from a crude extract is most effective by ammonia sulfate.
Selective precipitation :A method of separating ions in an aqueous solution known as selective precipitation involves using a reagent that precipitates one or more of the ions while leaving the rest in solution. Metallic element qualitative analysis.
What is selective precipitation used for?Protein selective precipitation can be used to recover the majority of the proteins from a crude lysate in bulk form, to separate a group of proteins from a protein solution selectively, or to recover a particular protein of interest from a purification step extremely precisely.
What is precipitation method of separation?Precipitation is a method for separating a mixture according to how easily its constituent parts can be dissolved. A compound's solubility is influenced by the temperature, pH, and ionic strength of the solution. A chemical may become an insoluble solid and leave solution if certain parameters are changed.
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When do total lunar eclipses occur?(1 point) infrequently during the full moon infrequently during the full moon infrequently during the new moon infrequently during the new moon every month during the full moon every month during the full moon every month during the new moon
Lunar eclipses occur infrequently during the full moon. They do not occur during the new moon and do not occur every month.
Eclipses occur when the sun, moon and earth are perfectly aligned in a straight line. Depending on which body comes in the middle of the alignment, eclipse can be divided into solar and lunar eclipse.
A lunar eclipse occurs when the earth comes in between the sun and the moon in a straight line. Direct sunlight is blocked off by the earth, however, deflected light from the earth reaches the moon, giving it hues of red, brown and grey. It only occurs when the moon is at the lunar node (points where the moon crosses the earth's orbital plane). This rarely occurs because the orbital path of the moon around the earth is inclined at an angle of 5°, so it's not possible to see a lunar eclipse every month.
Lunar eclipse only happens when the moon is full because it is only during the full moon that the moon can be positioned behind the earth. One is more likely to see a solar eclipse during the new moon.
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Anatomy and physiology:
Necessary life functions and survival:
Body systems work together to complete the ____ necessary for ____ These functions provide the items needed for the ____ of the whole organism.
According to the research, the correct options are functions, life and survival. Body systems work together to complete the functions necessary for life. These functions provide the items needed for the survival of the whole organism.
What are Body systems?It is the set of organs that make possible the functioning of basic biological functions, which are responsible for carrying out survival and reproduction processes.
In this sense, the organs interact with each other, carrying out functions necessary for life together and forming the systems and apparatus of the human body, whose proper functioning keeps us alive.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the correct options are functions, life and survival. Body systems work together to complete the functions necessary for life. These functions provide the items needed for the survival of the whole organism.
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The growing or farming of marine plants or animals under controlled conditions is called?
Marshmallow heats over a fire
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
After three months of training, during which he was able to lift increasingly heavier weights, abe’s arm and chest muscles became much larger. What happened to the fibers in these muscles?.
Muscle Hypertrophy is what causes the muscle to grow.
To follow Hypertrophy 'Muscle under Stress' is an important component while working out. It is directly proportional to the growth of muscles. These are three mechanisms for muscle growth.
Muscle Stress: In order to grow muscle, it should be kept under a lot of tension using weights and the tension should be more than the body is adapted to. This is a concept of Progressive Overloading your muscle.Muscle Damage: After working out, Muscle Fibres get torn up. This local muscle damage causes a release of inflammatory molecules and immune system cells that activate satellite cells to jump into action.Metabolic Stress: It causes the cells around the muscle to swell. This is from the addition of muscle glycogen which helps muscle and the connective tissue to get swollen up. It is often referred to as 'PUMP'.After Working out, due to tears in muscle fibers, the protein-synthesizing rate should be high which is absorbed by the muscle and causes to muscle fiber repair and grow.
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The _____ is a large, round body within the cell that contains the cellular genetic components (genes).
The nucleus is a large, round body within the cell that contains the cellular genetic components (genes).
What is nucleus?In terms of genomics, a nucleus is the organelle within a cell that is membrane-enclosed and houses the chromosomes. Therefore, protecting this component of the cell is very critical. The chromosomes are all kept inside the nucleus by a membrane, which also distinguishes between the chromosomes being inside the nucleus and the other organelles and parts of the cell remaining outside. There are pores in the nuclear membrane that allow molecules to enter and exit the nucleus as necessary, such as when RNA needs to move between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Previously, it was believed that the nuclear membrane only allowed molecules to enter and exit the nucleus; however, it is now understood that there is an active process for bringing molecules into the nucleus as well.Learn more about the Nucleus with the help of the given link:
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In 2003, tyrone hayes proposed that pesticides could be the cause of worldwide amphibian declines. this statement is an example of?
In 2003, Tyrone Hayes proposed that pesticides could be the cause of worldwide amphibian declines. This statement is an example of hypothesis.
Pesticides are the chemicals used to kill or slow the growth various pests and small insects in the farm fields. These pesticides can be harmful to other species as well. Pesticides are further divided into three types: insecticides, herbicides and fungicides.
Amphibians are the vertebrate animals that live in land as well as water. These are cold-blooded animals. Most of the amphibians have a moist skin and may have scales on their body. The example of amphibians are: toads, salamanders, newts, etc.
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Compare phasic and tonic contraction in smooth muscles. what tissues and organs are associated with each?
As for comparison, phasic smooth muscle displays rhythmic contractile activity and is associated with gastrointestinal and urogenital systems. While, tonic smooth muscle is continuously contracted and is associated with the large arteries and veins.
Biology routinely distinguishes between smooth muscle tissues that are "tonic" (producing a slow, sustained isometric contraction) and those that are "phasic" (generating a fast transient isometric contraction).
Smooth muscle is divided into tonic and phasic subtypes, but there are some significant functional differences between these muscle types.
The phasic smooth muscles function as unitary muscles, with action potentials spreading from cell to cell, resulting in coordinated phasic contraction, as seen in gut peristalsis.
While,
Tonic smooth muscle behaves as multiple independent units, or motor units, with graded changes in membrane potential of each unit, i.e., without action potential propagation, resulting in graded changes in force (tone).
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how much light per day should be used to provide energy for a spaceship
No, light or electric power has thrust so it can not be used while to provide energy for a spaceship 11,000 fuel pounds per second is used.
Electric power :The rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit is referred to as its power. The watt is the SI unit of power, equal to one joule per second. Watts, like other SI units, have standard suffixes: thousands, millions, and billions of watts are referred to as kilowatts, megawatts, and gigawatts, respectively. This aids in the conductivity of electricity by directing the flow of electrons, allowing them to move uniformly while simultaneously producing a positive charge known as an electrical current.
Types of electricity :For electricity generation, the three major categories of energy are fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum), nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources. The majority of electricity is produced by steam turbines powered by fossil fuels, nuclear, biomass, geothermal, and solar thermal energy.
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A hormone that has as its primary function the regulation of hormone secretion by another endocrine gland is classified functionally as a(n):__________
A hormone that has as its primary function the regulation of hormone secretion by another endocrine gland is classified functionally as a tropic. The endocrine system's glands create chemical messengers called hormones, which travel through the blood to various regions of the body.
The pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, and adrenal glands are all important endocrine glands. The endocrine system is comprised of various organs known as glands. Hormones are created and secreted (released) by these glands, which are situated throughout your body. Endocrine glands include the following: The adrenal glands are two glands located on top of the kidneys that produce the hormone cortisol.
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Carbon dioxide ________ oxygen unloading and ________ carbon dioxide transport.
a) decreases, improves
b) increases, improves
c) decreases, worsens
d) increases, worsens
Option B: Carbon dioxide increases oxygen unloading and oxygen unloading improves carbon dioxide transport.
During internal respiration or inspiration, we take up oxygen from the environment. While some of the carbon dioxides remain dissolved in the blood plasma, most of this gas continues to flow with the blood. Carbon dioxide here combines with water to form carbonic acid and combines with hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin. Carbonic acid thus dissociates into hydrogen and bicarbonate ions. Bicarbonate ions diffuse out of erythrocytes in exchange for chloride ions, referred to as chloride shift.
Hydrogen ions, dissociated from carbonic acid, bind with hemoglobin. This binding results in decreased affinity for oxygen. Oxygen gets dissociated from RBC and the tissues. Therefore, carbon dioxide increases oxygen unloading. In return, oxygen unloading improves carbon dioxide transport.
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The change in organisms over geologic history is known as the _____. group of answer choices evolution of life biogeochemical cycle evolutionary cycle biospheric change
The change in organisms over geologic history is known as the evolution of life.
What is evolution of life?A biological population's heritable traits change over successive generations, and this process is called evolution. At every level of biological organisation, evolutionary processes give rise to diversity. The last universal ancestor is a term used to describe the common ancestor of all life on Earth.
Modern living things are a direct descendant of extinct ancient life forms, according to evolution, which explains how living things are changing today. The majority of the time, living things improve their environmental suitability as they develop. Due to their ability to adapt, they do this.
We can solve biological issues that have a direct impact on our lives by comprehending evolution. In the world of medicine, there are many fantastic examples of this. Researchers need to be aware of the evolutionary trends of disease-causing organisms in order to stay one step ahead of pathogenic diseases.
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Name the 6 sets of extraocular muscles and the cranial nerve that innervates each one.
6 sets of extraocular muscles and cranial nerves that innervate each one is:
Cranial nerve three; superior oblique, superior rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus,
Cranial nerves four; medial rectus,
Cranial nerve six; lateral rectus.
The seven extrinsic muscles of the human eye are known as the extraocular muscles (extrinsic ocular muscles). Six of the extraocular muscles, the four recti muscles, the superior and inferior oblique muscles, and the levator palpebrae superioris, govern eye movement and eyelid raising, respectively. The six eye muscles' actions are influenced by the position of the eye at the moment of muscle contraction.
The four recti muscles are the four extraocular muscles that originate in the common tendinous ring, a fibrous ring in the back of the orbit. Because both muscles also pull slightly medially, the superior and inferior recti do not draw on the eye directly. The superior oblique muscle begins near the back of the orbit (a little closer to the medial rectus, though medial to it), becoming more rounded as it moves forward to a hard, cartilaginous pulley on the top, nasal bone called the trochlea.
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Ingestion of vitamin c during meals can modestly improve absorption of ________.
Ingestion of vitamin c during meals can modestly improve absorption of non-heme iron.
What does ingestion of vitamin C help with?Non-heme iron, which is present in plant foods like leafy greens, is better absorbed when vitamin C is present. One way to increase iron absorption during meals is to consume a small glass of 100% fruit juice or eat foods high in vitamin C.
Heat and light have the ability to degrade vitamin C. The vitamin can be destroyed by high cooking temperatures or extended cooking durations. Due to its water-soluble nature, the vitamin can potentially contaminate cooking liquids and disappear if the liquids are not consumed. Using quick heating techniques, such as stir-frying or blanching, or using the least amount of water feasible when cooking can help to keep the vitamin. Vitamin C content is highest in foods consumed raw at the height of maturity.
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Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce:_______
a. alzheimer's disease.
b. epileptic seizures.
c. neural plasticity.
d. reward deficiency syndrome.
Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce epileptic seizures.
Corpus callosum :The corpus callosum is a substantial mass of more than 200 million myelinated nerve fibers that links and permits communication between the two hemispheres of the brain. Children who have experienced abuse have abnormalities in their corpus callosum.
Effect of cutting a person's corpus callosum down the middleThe brain must coordinate motions with both sides since each hemisphere governs the opposite side of the body. The corpus callosum serves as a conduit for this coordination. Signals cannot cross the corpus callosum, preventing communication between the two hemispheres. Serious coordination issues could result from this.
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describe the advancement of cell technology by describing what scientists are currently working on (with regards to cells and medicine)
Answer:
science are still working on so many levels of institution like medical aspect
Explanation:
science are still working on so many levels of institution like cells and medicine
research has not been ended on finding cure to most in curable disease like;
1. cancer :oestosarcoma
2. virus
How many different amino acids could be encoded if the genetic code were a doublet code (two bases) instead of a triplet code?
The correct answer for this question is 16
It was also recognized that mRNA contains only four nucleotides: adenine (A), uracil (U), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) (C). Thus, only four distinct bases in mRNA code for 20 amino acids,
A doublet code could code for 16 amino acids (4 x 4). A triplet code could make a genetic code for 64 different combinations (4 X 4 X 4) genetic code and provide plenty of information in the DNA molecule to specify the placement of all 20 amino acids. When experiments were performed to crack the genetic code, it was found to be a code that was triplet. These three letter codes of nucleotides (AUG, AAA, etc.) are called codons.
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Organic deposits are rarely found in areas of extreme wetness or extreme cold.
true/ false
The correct answer for this question is False
Microbial degradation is aggressively destroying important cultural and environmental records that have been stored in archaeological deposits for millennia across the Arctic. Because it is not practicable to examine the many sites in this distant corner of the planet, new approaches for detecting and assessing potential degradation are urgently needed.
Organic-rich sedimentary rock deposits are collectively referred to as fossil fuels because they are made up of undamaged organic tissue of plants and animals preserved in depositional environments with low levels of free oxygen. Fossil fuels are the primary energy sources in the industrial world, and their unequal distribution in time (exclusively Phanerozoic) and space (more than half of proven petroleum reserves are in the Persian Gulf region of the Middle East) has a significant impact on global political and economic stability.
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