The oxidation state of an atom in a molecule is a measure of the charge it would have if the bonds in the molecule were 100% ionic. To determine the oxidation state of an atom, you can use the following rules:
The oxidation state of an elemental atom in its uncombined state is zero.The oxidation state of a monoatomic ion is equal to its charge.The sum of the oxidation states of all atoms in a neutral compound must be zero.The oxidation state of oxygen is usually -2, except in peroxides where it is -1.The oxidation state of hydrogen is usually +1, except in metal hydrides where it is -1.About AtomThe atom is a basic unit of matter, consisting of an atomic nucleus and a cloud of negatively charged electrons that surrounds it. The atomic nucleus consists of positively charged protons and neutrally charged neutrons (except in the atomic nucleus of Hydrogen-1, which has no neutrons).
The electrons in an atom are bound to the nucleus by electromagnetic forces. A collection of such atoms can also bond with each other, and form a molecule. Atoms containing the same number of protons and electrons are neutral, while those containing a different number of protons and electrons are positive or negative and are called ions. Atoms are grouped based on the number of protons and neutrons contained in the atomic nucleus. The number of protons in an atom determines the chemical element of that atom, and the number of neutrons determines the isotope of that element.
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what physical property denotes the color of a powdered mineral?
Streak is the physical property of powdered mineral which represent its color.
What exactly is a physical asset?A substance's physical property involves a quality that can be seen or quantified without affecting the substance's identity. Colour, density, toughness, & boiling and melting points are examples of physical qualities. The capacity of a material to go through a particular chemical transition is described by its chemical property.
What makes physical characteristics important?We need to grasp the physical and chemical features or properties of the many materials in our environment in order to comprehend and utilize them. These characteristics assist us in both identifying and describing materials.
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an electron in a 3s orbital penetrates into the region occupied by core electrons more than electrons in a 3p orbital?
Answer:
Explanation:
The penetration of an electron into the region occupied by core electrons is determined by the electron configuration and the energy of the orbital.
Electrons in 3s orbitals are lower in energy than electrons in 3p orbitals and are therefore closer to the nucleus. As a result, electrons in 3s orbitals penetrate more deeply into the region occupied by core electrons. This means that electrons in 3s orbitals are more strongly attracted to the positively charged nucleus, and have a higher probability of being found closer to the nucleus compared to electrons in 3p orbitals.
In contrast, electrons in 3p orbitals are higher in energy and have a more diffuse distribution, meaning they are less likely to penetrate into the region occupied by core electrons and are more likely to be found farther away from the nucleus.
In conclusion, electrons in a 3s orbital penetrate more deeply into the region occupied by core electrons than electrons in a 3p orbital.
why is the reaction rate low at ph7? be specific and say something about the enzyme structure at the molecular level!
PH levels affect how responsive enzymes are.Enzymes lose their ability to function when the pH is either too high or too low because this alters the charges at the specific active site of the enzyme.
Why does low pH result in decreased enzyme activity?
The protein is forced to unfold at extremely low pH levels as a result of this interference, and the enzyme is then unable to catalyse the reaction because the shape of the active site is no longer complementary to the substrate molecule. The enzyme is no longer active.
The pH of the media affects how quickly an enzyme reacts. Every enzyme has an ideal pH range where the rate of the enzymatic reaction is at its highest. The rate of an enzyme process reduces with increasing or decreasing pH. The ideal pH range for most enzymes is between pH 5 and pH 9.
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Which statement best describes John Dalton’s use of creativity in his work?
He reinterpreted and retested Joseph Proust’s results.
He used a philosophy to conduct his experiment.
He recorded his results as four parts of the atomic theory.
He rejected Democritus’s idea that matter was composed of atoms.
The best statement that describes John Dalton’s use of creativity is that He recorded his results as four parts of the atomic theory, option C.
Who is John Dalton?John Dalton was an English chemist and physicist who lived in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He is best known for his pioneering work in atomic theory, which he formulated in the early 19th century. According to Dalton's theory, matter is composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms, which can combine to form molecules.
John Dalton recorded his results as four parts of the atomic theory to describe the fundamental nature of matter. He proposed that all elements are made of tiny indivisible particles called atoms, which are unique to each element.
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the volume of akshay's plasma was 3l before dr. witmer administered the iv. assume that there was complete mixing of the administered water with his plasma but no mixing with his interstitial fluid. calculate akshay's plasma osmolarity after the infusion mixed with his plasma, but before any water entered his rbc.
Akshay's plasma osmolarity after the infusion mixed with his plasma, but before any water entered his rbc is 6 osmol/L.
Osmolarity is a measure of concentration that reflects the solutions' osmoticity. Osmolarity is how osmolar concentration is expressed.
The osmolarity of Akshay's plasma after the infusion can be calculated using the following formula:
Osmolarity = 2 x [solute concentration]
where solute concentration is the concentration of the solutes in the plasma.
Assuming the IV contained isotonic saline with a concentration of 0.9%, then the solute concentration of Akshay's plasma would be 0.9/1000 * 3L = 0.0027.
Therefore, the osmolarity of Akshay's plasma after the infusion would be 2 x 0.0027 = 0.0054 osmol/L.
Akshay's plasma osmolarity after the infusion mixed with his plasma, but before any water entered his RBC = (3 L x 2 Osmol/L) = 6 osmol/L.
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which of the diethylbenzene isomers (ortho, meta, or para) corresponds to each set of 13c nmr spectral data? [a] 13c nmr signals: 15, 26, 126, 128, and 142 ppm [b] 13c nmr signals: 16, 29, 128, and 141 ppm [c] 13c nmr signals: 16, 29, 125, 127.5, 128.4, and 144 ppm
[A] [tex]${ }^{13} \mathrm{C}$[/tex] NMR signals: 15, 26, 126, 128, and 142 ppm ortho diethyl benzene.
[B] [tex]${ }^{13} \mathrm{C}$[/tex] NMR signals: 16, 29, 128, and 141 ppm para diethyl benzene.
[C] [tex]${ }^{13} \mathrm{C}$[/tex] NMR signals: 16, 29, 125, 127.5, 128.4, and 144 ppm meta diethyl benzene.
In ortho diethyl benzene, 5 types of carbon atoms are present. So, 5 peaks are obtained.
In meta diethyl benzene, 6 types of carbon atoms are present. So, 6 peaks are obtained.
In para diethyl benzene, 4 types of carbon atoms are present. So, 4 peaks are obtained.
Answer:
Ortho: [A]
[A] [tex]${ }^{13} \mathrm{C}$[/tex] NMR signals: 15, 26, 126, 128, and 142 ppm
As we know that 5 types of carbon atoms present with 5 peaks are obtained.
Then it undergoes ortho diethyl benzene.
Para: [B]
[B] [tex]${ }^{13} \mathrm{C}$[/tex] NMR signals: 16, 29, 128, and 141 ppm
As we know that 4 types of carbon atoms present with 4 peaks are obtained.
Then it undergoes para diethyl benzene.
Meta: [C]
[C] [tex]${ }^{13} \mathrm{C}$[/tex] NMR signals: 16, 29, 125, 127.5, 128.4, and 144 ppm
As we know that 6 types of carbon atoms present with 6 peaks are obtained.
Then it undergoes para diethyl benzene.
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use the law of conservation of mass to answer the questions. consider a hypothetical reaction in which a and b are reactants and c and d are products. if 25 g of a completely reacts with 26 g of b to produce 17 g of c, how many grams of d will be produced?
we can use this principle law of conservation of mass: 25 g + 26 g = 17 g + x g, where x represents the mass of d produced. Solving for x, we find that x = 34 g, so 34 g of d are produced.
The law of conservation of mass states that mass is conserved in a chemical reaction, meaning that the total mass of reactants must equal the total mass of products.
In a chemical reaction, the law of conservation of mass states that the total mass of reactants must equal the total mass of products. Using this principle, we can solve for the unknown mass of a product in a reaction. In this hypothetical reaction, 25 g of a and 26 g of b react to produce 17 g of c and some amount of d. We can write an equation to represent the relationship between the masses of reactants and products: 25 g + 26 g = 17 g + x g, where x represents the mass of d produced. To find the value of x, we can solve the equation: 25 g + 26 g = 17 g + x g, so x = 25 g + 26 g - 17 g = 34 g. Therefore, 34 g of d are produced in this reaction.
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a 4.3 g rock sample is added to a graduated cylinder filled with water, causing the level to increase from 10.3 ml to 12.4 ml. what is the density of the rock sample?
From the given variable values, we can calculate the density of the rock sample to be = 2047Kg/m^3
To solve this question, we recollect that density is the mass per unit volume of a substance and the SI unit of density is Kg/m^3 with symbol
The given variables are as follows
mass of rock sample = 4.3g
The volume displaced in the graduated cylinder is
(Final volume level of the cylinder) - (initial volume level of the cylinder)
12.4ml - 10.3 ml= 2.1ml = volume of the rock sample
Therefore, density = 4.3/2.1 = 2.047g/ml = or 1000×2.047 Kg/m^3 =2047Kg/m^3
Density of the rock sample is 2047Kg/m^3
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If the temperature of a gas in a container is doubled on the Kelvin scale, what will happen to the pressure of the gas?
Explanation:
Pressure and temperature will both increase or decrease simultaneously as long as the volume is held constant. If temperature were to double the pressure would likewise double.
Can pouring cold water on a cold windshield crack it?
explain why a catalyst increases the rate of reaction but does not change the value of the equilibrium constant for that reaction 1990
Adding a catalyst makes absolutely no difference to the position of equilibrium, and Le Châtelier's principle does not apply. This is because a catalyst speeds up the forward and back reaction to the same extent and adding a catalyst does not affect the relative rates of the two reactions, it cannot affect the position of equilibrium.
what kind of spectra was analyzed to determine atomic numbers?
In particular, atomic spectra were examined in order to ascertain atomic numbers.
An atomic number is defined.A chemical element's atomic number is its position in the periodic table of elements, which places the elements in ascending order of the quantity of protons in their nuclei. As a result, the atomic number is also determined by the amount of proton, that is everytime equal to the amount of electrons in a neutral atom.
Why don't we use mass instead of the atomic number?Since atomic number is constant throughout all isotopes of any element and the atomic mass varies with each isotope, an atomic number is frequently more significant than the atomic mass.
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in a melting point determination, what effect will using a large sample have on the melting point range?
Using a large sample in a melting point determination can cause the melting point range to be wider.
This is because it takes longer to melt more of a sample, and so the temperature range over which the melting occurs will be larger. Additionally, if the sample is not mixed properly, the melting point range can be even wider due to the presence of impurities.
This is because impurities can cause the sample to melt over a longer period of time, resulting in a wider melting point range. It is important to make sure that the sample is properly mixed before measuring the melting point range, as this can help to reduce the effects of impurities and ensure that the range is as accurate as possible.
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Examine the neutralization reaction,
Neutralization Reaction - Definition, Equation, Examples & Applications
What are the products of this reaction?
Responses
Acid and base
HOH only
water and salt
only salt
water and salt is the product of this reacti
suppose you have 100.00 ml of a solution of a dye and transfer 2.00 ml of the solution to a 100.00ml volumetric flask. after adding water to the 100.00 ml mark, you take 5.00 ml of that solution and again dilute to 100.00 ml. if you find the dye concentration in the final diluted sample is 0.000158 m, what was the dye concentration in the original solution.
Consequently, the dye's contact time in the 100.00 ml. was 0.171 M.
What is a solutions in the context of chemistry?A homogenous mix comprising two or more parts with particles less than 1 nm is referred to as a solution. Solutions can take various forms, including soda water, salt and sugar solutions, and others.
Let's name the initial solution's percentage "C1."
The intensity of the reaction solution is when 2.00 ml of initial sample is moved to a 100.00 ml of volumetric flask to 100.00 with water.
(2.00 ml) / (100.00 ml + 2.00 ml) * C1 =
0.0195 * C1.
When 5.00 ml of this solution is then diluted to 100.00 ml, the concentration of the final solution is
(5.00 ml) / (100.00 ml + 5.00 ml) * (0.0195 * C1) =
0.0476 * 0.0195 * C1 =
0.000158 M.
So, we can find the original concentration, C1, by rearranging the above equation:
C1 = (0.000158 M) / (0.0476 * 0.0195)
= 0.000158 M / 0.000913
= 0.171 M.
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what particle matters most to get a stable atom
during glycolysis, glucose is converted to lactic acid, a molecule that can be used in either fermentation or respiration pathways.
False. Rather than lactic acid, glucose is changed to pyruvic acid during glycolysis.
Describe pyruvic acid.A 2-keto derivative of a propionic acid, pyruvic acid is the 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid. It is a byproduct of the glycolytic process. It functions as a cofactor and a fundamental metabolite. It is similar to the propionic acid in terms of function. It is a pyruvate's conjugate acid.
What effects does pyruvic acid have?The simplest -ketoacid, pyruvic acid, is essential for sugar metabolism. It is the end result of the anaerobic breakdown of glucose during glycolysis. During exercise, it is converted to lactic acid in the muscle.
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Calculate the mass of copper(II) sulfate produced. Show work!
CuO + H₂SO4 → CuSO4 + H₂O
FW CuSO4 159.602 g
g CuSO4=
=
Please I need it quickly pls
Explanation:
(1mol CuSO4/1mol CuO) x (159.602g CuSO4/1mol CuSO4) = 159.602g CuSO4
A 300 kg car is moving with an acceleration of 10 m/s/s. What is the force of this car?
Answer:
3000 N
Explanation:
The force of the car can be calculated using Newton's second law of motion, which states that the force acting on an object is equal to its mass multiplied by acceleration.
So, the force of the car can be calculated as follows:
Force = Mass * Acceleration
Force = 300 kg * 10 m/s^2
Force = 3000 N
Therefore, the force of the car is 3000 N.
how many moles of oxygen gas are in a balloon containing 20.0 grams of pure oxygen gas?
0.625 moles of gaseous oxygen are contained in a balloon holding 20.0 grams of oxygen.
What in chemical is a mole?Chemists use the mole, a highly significant measuring unit. Like a dozen eggs implies twelve eggs, owning a mole of anything indicates you possess 602,214,076,000,000,000,000,000 of that item. For exceptionally small objects like atoms, compounds, or other particles, chemists must estimate using moles.
We must divide a substance's weight by its molar mass to determine the number of moles. Oxygen gas (O2) has a molecular concentration of 32.00 g/mol.
20.0 g / 32.00 g/mol
= 0.625 mol
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What is the legacy of J. J. Thomson's experiment that led to the identification of the electron?
Please help
The legacy of J. J. Thomson's experiment that led to the identification of the electron was that he was involved in the experiment using cathode material which provided the particles and its emission means that particle was a fundamental part of all atom.
What is an Atom?This is referred to as a particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element and it consists of a central nucleus that is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons.
Thomson concluded that the particle was a fundamental part of all atom because of the electron which was emitted in the experiment.
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one cheeseburger has 340 kcal and 25 grams of fat. what percentage of total kcal comes from fat? (round to the nearest whole number)
Percentage of total kcal ( total calories ) comes from fat is 66%
To determine the percentage of total calories that come from fat in a cheeseburger, we first need to calculate the number of calories from fat. Fat has 9 calories per gram, so 25 grams of fat would provide 25 x 9 = 225 calories.
Next, we divide the number of calories from fat by the total number of calories in the cheeseburger and multiply by 100 to find the percentage:
(225 / 340) * 100% = 66.18%
Rounding to the nearest whole number, we can say that 66% of the total calories in a cheeseburger come from fat.
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a solution is made by dissolving 4.857 g of a new polymer in enough water to make 159 ml of solution. at 25.0 oc, the osmotic pressure of the solution is 0.995 atm. what is the molar mass of the polymer in g/mol?
The solution is made by dissolving 4.857 g of new polymer in enough water to make 159 ml of solution at 25 °C, the osmotic pressure of the solution is 0.995 atm. The molar mass of the polymer in g/mol is 763.6 g/mol.
The mass of the polymer = 4.857 g
Volume = 159 mL
The osmotic pressure = 0.995 atm
Temperature = 25 °C = 298 K
The expression for the osmotic pressure is as follows :
π = M R T
Where
π = osmotic pressure
M = molarity
R = constant
T = temperature
M = π / R T
M = 0.995 / ( 0.082 × 298 )
M = 0.0407 M
The number of moles = molarity × volume
= 0.0407 × 0.159
= 0.00636 mol
The molas mass = mass / moles
= 4.875 / 0.00636
= 763.6 g /mol
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how many atoms of oxygen are in 4.5x1023 formula units of kmno4?
Four oxygen atoms are in 4.5x1023 units of kmno4. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is composed of one potassium atom, one manganese atom, and four oxygen atoms.
What is the purpose of potassium permanganate?For blistering or pus-oozing sores on the surface of your skin, potassium permanganate is applied wetly. both impetigo and athlete's foot. Athlete's foot and impetigo are examples of bacterial and fungal skin illnesses that can be treated with potassium permanganate.
Does potassium permanganate pose a risk to people?Breathing in potassium permanganate can have negative effects on you. Contact can cause serious skin and eye burns, with a potential eye injury. Potassium permanganate can cause throat and nose irritation when breathed in. Potassium permanganate can irritate the lungs, which can lead to coughing and/or shortness of breath when breathed in.
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Which type of material does electricity move and flow through?
Producers
Conductors
Insulators
Energizers
Energizes so D is the answer
how many protons electrons and neutrons are contained in a neutral atom of gold
The amount of protons, electrons and neutrons present in a neutral atom of gold are 79, 79, and 118 respectively.
Why is there 79 electrons in gold?The atomic number of a particular element, which can be discovered on the periodic table, can be employed to figure out the amount of protons in any given atom or element. Additionally, the amount of electrons in a stable, uncharged element is equivalent to the atomic number; in the case of gold, this means that there are 79 electrons.
How do electrons, protons, and neutrons work?A subatomic particle with such a negative charge is an electron. A subatomic particle that has a positive charge is called a proton. The strong nuclear force keeps protons together in the nucleus of an atom. A type of subatomic particle lacking charge is the neutron (they are neutral).
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your friend, a male soccer player weighing 86 kg, is trying to determine how many carbohydrates should be consumed 2 hours before his soccer game. based on his weight, how many grams of carbohydrate would you recommend for your friend 2 hours before the soccer game?A. 86-344 gramsB. 129-286 gramsC. 150-377 gramsD. 172-425 grams
It is advised that your friend take 172-425 grams of carbs, dependant on his size of 86 kg, two hours before to his soccer match. The ideal choice is D.
What makes a carbohydrate healthy?As a result of the vitamins, nutrients, and dietary fiber they provide, full grain, berries, and vegetables are regarded as healthy carbohydrates. Contrarily, processed or refined carbohydrates like white spaghetti, sweetened beverages, and desserts have little to no nutritious benefit and therefore to be avoided altogether.
What purposes do carbs serve?Carbohydrates carry out a variety of essential functions in your body. They are the main source of fuel for your brain's calorific values and give you energy for daily chores.
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the university chemical hygiene plan (chp) describes the policies, procedures, equipment and work practices that promote :
The university chemical hygiene plan (CHP) describes the policies, procedures, equipment and work practices that promote : safe handling, and use of chemicals in a laboratory setting.
The University Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) is a comprehensive document that outlines the policies, procedures, equipment, and work practices for promoting safe handling and use of chemicals in a laboratory setting. The CHP serves as a reference for employees, students, and researchers in the university to ensure that they understand the hazards associated with chemicals, the proper procedures for handling and storing them, and the measures in place to minimize risks and protect workers. The CHP may include guidelines for personal protective equipment, training and awareness programs, emergency response procedures, waste management practices, and equipment maintenance. It also defines the responsibilities of personnel in handling and using chemicals and the reporting procedures in case of accidents or incidents. The CHP is an important component of laboratory safety, and it is designed to reduce the risk of chemical exposure and injury. By following the guidelines outlined in the CHP, personnel can minimize the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals and maintain a safe work environment.
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if we triple the temperature and double the volume, what would the new pressure of the system be?
That the pressure doubles when the gas's volume is cut in half.
If gas volume and temperature are maintained constant, the formula demonstrates that pressure and volume are inversely proportional.
This implies that if volume decreases, pressure must increase. This implies that if pressure doubles, volume must be half, and if pressure is halved, volume must be doubled in order to maintain the K value.
If the volume is doubled and the pressure is tripled, the effect on the temperature will be 3 2 = 6 times. This is because for perfect gases, the temperature is directly related to both the volume and the pressure.
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Fertilizers are classified as which kind of water pollutant?
Pilihan jawaban
a. organic chemicals
b. inorganic chemicals
c. heavy metals
d. physical agents
Inorganic chemicals, a class of water contaminants, include fertilisers.
What are fertilizers?In order to give plants the vital nutrients they require for healthy growth and development, fertilisers are compounds that are put to the soil. The three main macronutrients found in fertilisers are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), as well as trace metals including iron, zinc, and magnesium.
Inorganic chemicals, a category of water contaminants, include fertilisers. Fertilizers include vital plant nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, but if used excessively, they can have a severe effect on the water quality. The excess nutrients from fertiliser runoff can cause toxic algae blooms to proliferate and water bodies to become oxygen-depleted, which can have an impact on aquatic life and lower the quality of drinking water. Fertilizers and other inorganic compounds can also contribute to the rise in total dissolved solids (TDS) levels in water, which causes salinization and reduces the amount of available water.
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